CNS Spectrums最新文献

{"title":"Comparing two transitioning strategies to paliperidone palmitate once-every-6-months - ERRATUM.","authors":"Christoph U Correll, Karen L Johnston, Ibrahim Turkoz, Michael Kutch, R Karl Knight, Monica Doring, Martha Sajatovic","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924002359","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852924002359","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"706"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical, behavioral, and cognitive teratogenicity associated with valproic acid: a systematic review.","authors":"Kyle Valentino, Kayla M Teopiz, Angela T H Kwan, Gia Han Le, Sabrina Wong, Joshua D Rosenblat, Rodrigo B Mansur, Heidi K Y Lo, Roger S McIntyre","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924002311","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852924002311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent guidance from UK health authorities strongly cautions against the use of valproic acid (VPA) in persons under 55 because of reevaluated risk of teratogenicity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To summarize the extant literature documenting VPA-associated anatomical, behavioral, and cognitive teratogenicity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Pubmed, Medline, Cochrane Library, PsychInfo, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Collected data covered study design, participant characteristics, anatomical, behavioral, or cognitive effects, and folic acid outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>122 studies were identified meeting inclusion comprised of studies evaluating anatomical (<i>n</i> = 67), behavioral (<i>n</i> = 28), and cognitive (<i>n</i> = 47) teratogenicity. Twenty studies were identified reporting on the risk mitigation effects of folic acid supplementation. Prenatal VPA exposure is associated with anatomical teratogenicity including major congenital malformations (odds ratio [OR] 2.47-9.30; p < 0.005). Behavioral teratogenicity including autism (OR 1.70-4.38), impaired motor development (OR 7.0), and ADHD (OR 1.39) are also significantly associated with VPA exposure. VPA was associated with intellectual disability and low IQ (hazard ratio [HR] 2.4-4.48, verbal intelligence: Spearman's <i>ρ</i> = -0.436, respectively). Teratogenic effects were dose-dependent across all domains and were significant when compared with controls and other antiepileptic drugs (eg, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, and levetiracetam). Folic acid supplementation does not significantly reduce the hazard associated with VPA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VPA is significantly associated with anatomical, behavioral, and cognitive teratogenicity. Folic acid supplementation does not abrogate the risk of teratogenicity associated with VPA exposure. Available evidence supports recommendations to reduce VPA exposure in women of reproductive age.</p>","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"604-610"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlating clinical course with baseline subcortical shape in provisional tic disorder.","authors":"Tiffanie Che, Soyoung Kim, Deanna J Greene, Ashley Heywood, Jimin Ding, Tamara Hershey, Bradley L Schlaggar, Kevin J Black, Lei Wang","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924002190","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852924002190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined children at the onset of tic disorder (tics for less than 9 months: NT group), a population on which little research exists. Here, we investigate relationships between the baseline shape and volume of subcortical nuclei, diagnosis, and tic symptom outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>187 children were assessed at baseline and a 12-month follow-up: 88 with NT, 60 tic-free healthy controls (HC), and 39 with chronic tic disorder/Tourette syndrome (TS), using T1-weighted MRI and total tic scores (TTS) from the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale to evaluate symptom change. Subcortical surface maps were generated using FreeSurfer-initialized large deformation diffeomorphic metric mapping. Linear regression models correlated baseline structural shapes with follow-up TTS while accounting for covariates, with relationships mapped onto structure surfaces.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that the NT group had a larger right hippocampus compared to HC. Surface maps illustrate distinct patterns of inward deformation in the putamen and outward deformation in the thalamus for NT compared to controls. We also found patterns of outward deformation in almost all studied structures when comparing the TS group to controls. The NT group also showed consistent outward deformation compared to TS in the caudate, accumbens, putamen, and thalamus. Subsequent analyses including clinical symptoms revealed that a larger pallidum and thalamus at baseline correlated with less improvement of tic symptoms at follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These observations constitute some of the first prognostic biomarkers for tic disorders and suggest that these subregional shape and volume differences may be associated with the outcome of tic disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"652-664"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11839322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of depressive symptoms on motivation in persons with post-COVID-19 condition.","authors":"Juliana West, Angela T H Kwan, Kayla M Teopiz, Ziji Guo, Gia Han Le, Sebastian Badulescu, Taeho Greg Rhee, Sabrina Wong, Bing Cao, Roger Ho, Joshua D Rosenblat, Rodrigo B Mansur, Lee Phan, Mehala Subramaniapillai, Roger S McIntyre","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924000440","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852924000440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined Post-COVID-19 Condition (PCC) as the onset of symptoms within three months after resolution of an acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, wherein symptoms persist for at least two months and cannot be explained by another medical/psychiatric condition. Persons living with PCC report debilitating symptoms including, but not limited to, depressive symptoms and motivational deficits. The aim of this post-hoc analysis was to evaluate the association between depressive symptoms and motivation in adults with PCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a post-hoc analysis of an 8-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial evaluating adults (18 years or older) in Canada with WHO-defined PCC and cognitive symptoms. This post-hoc analysis is comprised of baseline data that evaluates the association between depressive symptom severity measured by the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report (QIDS-SR-16) and motivational systems measured by the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System Questionnaire (BIS/BAS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a statistically significant association between depressive symptoms and BIS (<b>β</b> = -0.041 95% CI [-0.066, -0.016], p<0.05), BAS reward responsiveness (<b>β</b> = 0.043 95% CI [0.012, 0.074], p<0.05), sex (<b>β</b> = -0.137 95% CI [-0.266, -0.008], p<0.05), and confirmed COVID-19 infection (<b>β</b> = 0.196 95% CI [0.061, 0.332], p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Depressive symptoms were associated with motivational deficits in persons living with PCC. Optimizing treatment for depressive symptoms may potentially improve aspects of motivational impairment amongst persons with PCC. All patients presenting with MDD and a history of COVID-19 infection should be assessed for the presence of PCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"665-669"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agomelatine: The Cinderella of migraine pharmacotherapy in pediatrics?","authors":"Zohreh Esam, Zahra Nazari Taloki","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924002220","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852924002220","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"533"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the relationship among hikikomori tendencies, autistic traits, computer game use and eating disorder symptoms.","authors":"Barbara Carpita, Benedetta Nardi, Federico Giovannoni, Francesca Parri, Gianluca Cerofolini, Chiara Bonelli, Giulia Amatori, Gabriele Massimetti, Ivan Mirko Cremone, Stefano Pini, Enza Pellecchia, Liliana Dell'Osso","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924002335","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852924002335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The hikikomori phenomenon has recently gained growing global interest, and evidences of its association with other psychopathological dimensions are slowly but steadily emerging. We aimed to evaluate the presence and correlates of hikikomori tendencies in an Italian University population, focusing on its relationships with autism spectrum, pathological computer gaming, and eating disorders. In particular, to our knowledge, no study has yet systematically evaluated the latter association, using psychometric instruments tailored to assess eating disorder symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>2574 students were recruited via an online survey. All participants were assessed with the Hikikomori Questionnaire-25 (HQ-25), the Adult Autism Subthreshold Spectrum Questionnaire (AdAS Spectrum), the Eating Attitude test-26 (EAT-26), and the Assessment of Internet and Computer Game Addiction (AICA-S).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results outlined how hikikomori risk was significantly correlated to autistic dimensions, altered eating behaviors, and videogame addiction. The closest relationship was detected with the autism spectrum. Interestingly, pathological computer gaming, most autistic dimensions, and EAT-26 oral control emerged as significant predictors of a greater risk for hikikomori, while the proneness to inflexibility and adherence to routine emerged as negative predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings support the association among hikikomori, autism spectrum, pathological computer game use, and eating disorder symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"670-681"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The mediational role of cognitive function on occupational outcomes in persons with major depressive and bipolar disorder].","authors":"Jocelyn K Tamura, Dorottya Harangi, Nelson B Rodrigues, Rodrigo B Mansur, Mehala Subramaniapillai, Danica E Johnson, Joshua D Rosenblat, Yena Lee, Joshua D Di Vincenzo, Roger Ho, Ronesh Sukhdeo, Bing Cao, Leanna Lui, Felicia Ceban, Roger S McIntyre","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924002293","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852924002293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Improving functioning in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) is a priority therapeutic objective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective post hoc secondary analysis evaluated 108 patients with MDD or BD receiving the antidepressants vortioxetine, ketamine, or infliximab. The analysis aimed to determine if changes in objective or subjective cognitive function mediated the relationship between depression symptom severity and workplace outcomes. Cognitive function was measured by the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire (PDQ-5), the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and the Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B). Depression symptom severity was measured by the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Workplace function was measured by the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) work-school item.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When co-varying for BMI, age, and sex, the association between MADRS and SDS work scores was partially mediated by PDQ-5 total scores and DSST total scores, but not DSST error scores and TMT-B time.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>This study was insufficiently powered to perform sub-group analyses to identify distinctions between MDD and BD populations as well as between antidepressant agents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that cognitive impairment in adults with MDD and BD is a critical mediator of workplace function and reinforces its importance as a therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"697-704"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142945881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The revival of psilocybin between scientific excitement, evidence of efficacy, and real-world challenges.","authors":"Mauro Scala, Chiara Fabbri, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Giorgio Di Lorenzo, Maria Ferrara, Andrea Amerio, Laura Fusar-Poli, Anna Pichiecchio, Carlo Asteggiano, Marco Menchetti, Diana De Ronchi, Giuseppe Fanelli, Alessandro Serretti","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924002268","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852924002268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The revival of psilocybin in psychopharmacological research heralds a potential paradigm shift for treating mood and anxiety disorders, and other psychiatric conditions beyond the psychotic spectrum. This critical review evaluates current evidence on psilocybin's efficacy, juxtaposing potential benefits with the practical aspects of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) and the methodological constraints of existing research.An electronic literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, selecting studies published up to December 2023 that explored the clinical use of psilocybin in mood and anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use disorder. Despite promising preliminary results suggesting psilocybin's efficacy in alleviating depression and anxiety, as well as obsessions, compulsions, and addictive behaviors, significant evidence gaps persist. These include evaluating the efficacy of psilocybin compared to standard antidepressants or anxiolytic molecules and identifying patient subpopulations that might benefit most from PAP. Concerns about psilocybin's safety, long-term efficacy, and optimal dosage remain unclear due to previous trials' limitations. Real-world implementation faces challenges, including infrastructural requirements, personnel training, and unresolved legal and ethical issues. This paper argues for further research to substantiate the evidence base, emphasizing the need for larger studies that overcome current methodological limitations and explore psilocybin's full therapeutic potential. While psilocybin holds promise for psychiatry, its successful translation from research to clinical practice demands more robust evidence on efficacy, safety, and methodological rigor. In addition, other factors, such as cultural stigma and legal/ethical issues, need to be successfully addressed to facilitate psilocybin's implementation in healthcare systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"570-584"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rumination and altered reactivity to sensory input as vulnerability factors for developing post-traumatic stress symptoms among adults with autistic traits - CORRIGENDUM.","authors":"Liliana Dell'Osso, Giulia Amatori, Federico Giovannoni, Enrico Massimetti, Ivan Mirko Cremone, Barbara Carpita","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924000221","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852924000221","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"705"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142638630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psilocybin and hallucinogenic mushrooms.","authors":"Mathieu Fradet, Carlton M Kelly, Anna J Donnelly, Trisha Suppes","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924002487","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852924002487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psilocybin therapy has recently emerged as a promising new treatment for depression and other mental health disorders. This chapter summarizes the most recent data on its safety and efficacy. The delivery of psilocybin therapy and its subjective effects are also presented. Furthermore, this chapter outlines our current understanding of psilocybin's pharmacology and neurobiological effects. Other similar psychedelic substances with encouraging therapeutic potential are briefly presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"611-632"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142945883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}