Sustainable Energy & Fuels最新文献

{"title":"From biofuels to e-fuels: an assessment of techno-economic and environmental performance","authors":"Etienne de Chambost, Louis Merceron and Guillaume Boissonnet","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00786K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00786K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The energy transition, alongside sufficiency measures, demands massive electrification supported by low-carbon electricity. However, carbon-based molecules will remain vital, especially in sectors like long-distance transport (aviation and shipping) and chemicals. Biogenic, atmospheric, or recycled carbon sources offer key alternatives to fossil fuels in the shift toward a circular carbon economy, aligning with sustainability goals like the Renewable Energy Directive (RED III). Based on 183 case studies, this work analyzes thermochemical conversion processes for fuel production, using lignocellulosic biomass, CO<small>₂</small>, and low-carbon hydrogen from electrolysis. Nine biofuel, e-fuel, and e-biofuel processes are evaluated, producing liquid hydrocarbons, synthetic natural gas, or methanol. Material and energy balances, determined using ProSimPlus®, compare carbon conversion and energy efficiency. Economic analysis estimates investment and production costs for industrial-scale units, while greenhouse gas (GHG) assessment considers different electricity mixes and biomass supply chains. The results show that substituting biomass with hydrogen improves carbon conversion: from 35–40% for biofuels to 65–70% for e-biofuels, and up to 80–85% for e-fuels with carbon capture. Hybrid energy sources boost energy efficiency for e-biofuels (61.3%) compared to biofuels (50.3%). However, using electricity (100 € per MWh) raises production costs, which are heavily dependent on electricity price assumptions. Aligning e-fuel and e-biofuel production with RED III requires a largely decarbonized electricity mix, while more comprehensive emission assessments are necessary for biofuels and e-biofuels, considering potential land-use impacts of massive biomass production.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 3","pages":" 905-919"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/se/d5se00786k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146111393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in the synthesis of g-C3N4 nanocomposites for energy conversion and environmental remediation applications","authors":"Riya Joseph, Ashkar M. A., Arjun Babu, S. Kutti Rani, Juan Gallo, Mohamad Hafiz Mamat and N. Vasimalai","doi":"10.1039/D5SE01533B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE01533B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Graphitic Carbon Nitride (GCN) has garnered significant attention in recent decades as a potential candidate for various photocatalytic activities due to its ability to respond to visible light and its broad range of potential applications. Despite its high chemical stability, suitable band gap, rapid accessibility and unique layered structure, GCN suffers from several limitations, including fast recombination rate, carrier separation of charge and partial visible light absorption, that make it unsuitable for further applications. Researchers are focused on tuning the electronic structure of GCN by altering its morphology <em>via</em> interaction with other highly conducting materials or by doping at its structural defects. This review presents the elaborate history of the introduction of GCN, provides an overview of the structure and morphological properties of GCN, and focuses on the variety of synthesis techniques of GCN composites using chemical and biological methods. Finally, the photocatalytic applications of GCN composites for both environmental and energy applications are discussed. Environmental applications include water remediation, adsorption of waste materials, disinfection and removal. Energy applications involve water splitting, CO<small>₂</small> reduction and H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small> production. Alternative applications like organic transformation reactions are also briefly discussed in this review.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 3","pages":" 762-801"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146111396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sustainable multi-zeolite synthetic framework from a single natural clay: CO2/H2O adsorption performance and life cycle assessment benefits","authors":"Biruktait Ayele Lemecho, Jordi Espín, Pattaraphon Rodlamul, Florian Kiefer, Wendy Lee Queen and Vivek Subramanian","doi":"10.1039/D5SE01375E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5SE01375E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A novel sustainable synthesis strategy for producing a range of structurally distinct zeolites, specifically Zeolite 4A, Zeolite 13X, and Zeolite Y, is presented. This method avoids organic templates (commonly used for many high-silica zeolites such as ZSM-5, Beta, or high-silica Y) and directly produces Zeolite 4A, Zeolite 13X, and Zeolite Y from natural bentonite clay without the need for synthetic silica or alumina sources and thus offers a much more environmentally-benign production strategy than existing commercial synthetic routes. By systematically tuning alkaline fusion conditions and hydrothermal crystallization parameters, selective zeolite phase formation is achieved: lower fusion temperatures and NaOH/clay ratios favor the formation of LTA-type Zeolite 4A, while higher values promote the formation of FAU-type Zeolite 13X and Zeolite Y. The synthesized zeolites demonstrated structural characteristics and adsorption performance comparable to their commercial counterparts. Zeolite 13X exhibited the highest CO<small>₂</small> adsorption capacity, attributed to its elevated microporosity and sodium content, while Zeolite Y showed enhanced hydrothermal stability and reduced water affinity, resulting from its higher Si/Al ratio and lower cation density. Water vapor adsorption isotherms and repeated cycling tests revealed clear differences in hydrothermal stability between the synthesized zeolites. A cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA), performed for Zeolite 13X as a representative product, revealed a ∼90% reduction in global warming potential (2.48 <em>vs.</em> 24.25 kg CO<small>₂</small> eq. per kg), over 95% lower cumulative energy demand, and significantly decreased ecotoxicity and human toxicity indicators when compared to conventional chemical synthesis. Additionally, cost-oriented economic analysis showed that the clay-based synthesis route reduces the production cost of Zeolite 13X by approximately 33% compared to conventional chemical synthesis. Overall, this work provides a mechanistically informed, environmentally friendly framework for the phase-selective synthesis of industrially relevant zeolites from natural clay.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 4","pages":" 1038-1058"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12826357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146045732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rational design strategies for carbon nanotube-based non-precious metal HER catalysts: a review","authors":"Xiaomei Wang","doi":"10.1039/D5SE01581B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE01581B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Developing efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) remains a central challenge for sustainable hydrogen production, as the replacement of platinum with non-precious metals is often limited by insufficient intrinsic activity and poor structural stability. In this context, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as more than simple conductive additives and increasingly serve as active platforms for regulating electron transport, stabilizing catalytic species, and tailoring local reaction environments. This review adopts a materials design perspective rather than a conventional element based classification, and systematically examines how different design strategies exploit carbon nanotube frameworks to construct efficient non-precious metal HER catalysts. Representative approaches including single atom site engineering, heterointerface formation, multi metallic synergy, and defect or strain induced electronic modulation are discussed. Recent progress in CNT-based macroarchitectures aimed at improving mass transport and long-term electrode robustness is also summarized. By comparing these strategies across multiple length scales, this work extracts general structure activity and stability relationships, highlights recurring design principles that govern catalytic performance, and outlines future research directions toward more controllable synthesis, <em>operando</em> mechanistic understanding, and scalable electrode implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 4","pages":" 1024-1037"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146206016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction on LaNiO3 with tunable oxygen content under dual magnetic and light fields","authors":"Ji Qi, Kaixin Zhu, Weiguang Ma, Hefeng Zhang, Ming Feng and Xu Zong","doi":"10.1039/D5SE01578B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE01578B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Vacancy and strain engineering have been identified as effective approaches for modulating the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity of electrocatalysts. Applying external fields like magnetic and light fields to electrocatalysts is also a potential approach to enhance the OER activity. However, the influence of the dual magnetic and light fields on the OER performance of electrocatalysts subjected to both vacancy and strain engineering remains unexplored. Herein, we rationally prepared epitaxial single-crystal LaNiO<small>₃</small> (LNO) thin films as model electrocatalysts on LaAlO<small>₃</small> (LAO) substrates under different oxygen pressures <em>via</em> pulsed laser deposition (PLD), obtaining LNO thin films with compressive strain and tunable oxygen contents. It is found that a volcano-shaped relationship exists between the OER activity and the oxygen content. This relationship originates from the synergistic modulation of both the Ni<small>²⁺</small>/Ni<small>³⁺</small> ratio and the d-band center position in the LNO thin films. Furthermore, the LNO thin films exhibit a higher OER activity under dual magnetic and light fields compared to those under no external fields, irrespective of their oxygen content. The enhanced OER activity under dual magnetic and light fields primarily stems from the generation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs and the formation of triplet-state oxygen species, collectively reducing the energy barrier for the OER process.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 3","pages":" 812-817"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146111398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Earth-abundant metal catalysts for sustainable CO2 reduction: a review of strategies and progress","authors":"Jannatun Zia, Sivaprakasam Radhakrishnan, M. S. S. R. Tejaswini and Ufana Riaz","doi":"10.1039/D5SE01290B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE01290B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The escalating urgency to address climate change has intensified global interest in technologies capable of converting carbon dioxide (CO<small>₂</small>) into value-added products. This review provides an in-depth examination of earth-abundant metals including Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn, Co and Mo as sustainable and economical alternatives to precious-metal systems for CO<small>₂</small> reduction. Unlike earlier reports, this work brings together recent progress in both electrochemical and photocatalytic CO<small>₂</small> conversion, offering a unified perspective on how different reaction environments influence catalyst performance. Emphasis is placed on emerging catalyst architectures such as single-atom sites, dual-atom and alloy configurations, metal–ligand coordinated systems, and advanced hybrid materials. A central theme of this review is the mechanistic challenge associated with C–C coupling and the generation of multi-carbon (C<small>₂</small><small>⁺</small>) products, an area where single-atom catalysts frequently encounter intrinsic limitations. By integrating recent insights into coordination tuning, multi-site catalytic design and support-induced electronic modulation, we highlight promising strategies to enhance product selectivity and overall catalytic activity. The article also discusses key barriers that continue to hinder large-scale deployment, including limited stability under industrial current densities, site restructuring and deactivation pathways, and mass-transport constraints within practical reactor architectures. Finally, we outline emerging design principles and future research directions that could facilitate the development of durable, high-performance catalysts for sustainable CO<small>₂</small> transformation. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive and forward-looking framework for advancing earth-abundant metal catalysts toward efficient CO<small>₂</small> conversion and the realization of a circular carbon economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 5","pages":" 1208-1233"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147323825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of interfacial charge-carrier dynamics, degradation, and recombination mechanisms in single-junction perovskite solar cells with NiOx and SAM hole-transporting layers via steady-state drift-diffusion model simulations","authors":"Ivona Kafedjiska, Vincent M. Le Corre, Hans Köbler, Igal Levine, Rutger Schlatmann and Iver Lauermann","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00474H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00474H","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p &gt;We investigate the stability and the degradation pathways in single-junction perovskite solar cells with four varying hole-transporting layers (HTLs): pure nickel oxide (NiO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;) and copper-doped (NiO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;:Cu), with or without self-assembled monolayer (SAM) surface passivation. The cells are aged in a continuous MPP-tracking set-up in a nitrogen environment at 25 °C and the &lt;em&gt;JV&lt;/em&gt; curves prior to and after the aging are fitted &lt;em&gt;via&lt;/em&gt; drift-diffusion simulations. By using a set of experimentally-measured input parameters and correlating the results from the experiments with the simulations, we are able to test the reliability of the model and then extract important information about the interfacial charge-carrier dynamics, recombination, and degradation mechanisms in the solar cells. We find that NiO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt; induces severe electron trapping and poor band alignment at the NiO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;–perovskite interface, thereby leading to the highest quasi-Fermi level splitting to open-circuit voltage (QFLS–&lt;em&gt;V&lt;/em&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;oc&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;) offset among all the HTLs. As the cells age, the density of bulk traps when NiO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;, NiO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;:Cu, and NiO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;:Cu + SAM are used increases by factors of 36, 3, and 8, respectively, while for NiO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt; + SAM it remains unchanged. For all of the HTLs, the non-radiative Shockley–Read–Hall (SRH) recombination &lt;em&gt;via&lt;/em&gt; surface traps is the dominant recombination mechanism, as it is around 2–3 orders of magnitude higher than the direct or bulk-SRH recombination pathway. Additionally, NiO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt; exhibits an around 2 orders of magnitude higher rate of SRH interfacial recombination compared to the other three HTLs. However, as the cells age, the rate of the interface SRH recombination remains relatively stable, but the bulk SRH recombination increases by an order of magnitude in all cells, indicating that the degradation of the cells is directly proportional to the increase of the trap-assisted recombination in the perovskite bulk and its degradation. Finally, we investigate the correlation between the hysteresis factor (HF) and the ion concentration. We find that the devices with NiO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt; have the highest HF and the highest negative-ion concentration, in good agreement with the finding of electron trapping and the highest trap-assisted recombination rate for the NiO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt; samples. Combining all of this information, we can explain why NiO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt; is the least stable HTL among all the HTLs (15% loss in the initial PCE) and how its stability can be improved with Cu doping (8% loss in the initial PCE) and, to an extent, with SAM passivation (around 11% loss in","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 4","pages":" 1174-1191"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/se/d5se00474h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146206027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic plasmonic–semiconductor heterointerfaces enabling efficient CO2 hydrogenation to methanol under visible-light irradiation","authors":"Abdul Malek, Anh-Tuan Hoang, Md. Tarekul Islam, Mohammad A. Hasnat, Tarikul Islam and Aminul Islam","doi":"10.1039/D5SE01485A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE01485A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The photocatalytic conversion of carbon-dioxide (CO<small>₂</small>) to methanol (CH<small>₃</small>OH) under mild conditions has been regarded as a promising, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable approach for carbon utilization and renewable fuel generation. However, the process has been hindered by limited charge separation efficiency and insufficient CO<small>₂</small> activation. In this study, a heterostructured Ag–Si/MgO/ZnO photocatalyst was rationally designed and synthesized <em>via</em> a solid-phase reaction method. A CH<small>₃</small>OH production rate of 357.53 µmol g<small>_cat</small><small>⁻¹</small> h<small>⁻¹</small> was achieved over the optimized 10% Ag–Si/MgO/ZnO composite catalyst at 250 °C, representing a substantial enhancement compared to the Si/ZnO and Si/MgO/ZnO photocatalysts. The CH<small>₃</small>OH production performance was found to be higher in the photocatalyst/gas-phase system than that reported in comparable studies. The theoretical activation energy for Ag–Si/MgO/ZnO was found to be 158.14 kJ mol<small>⁻¹</small>, which is lower than that of Si/MgO/ZnO (167.79 kJ mol<small>⁻¹</small>) and Si/ZnO (177.97 kJ mol<small>⁻¹</small>), indicating enhanced CO<small>₂</small> activation and higher CO<small>₂</small> conversion. More importantly, after more than 72 h of irradiation, the system still exhibited a high CH<small>₃</small>OH production rate, demonstrating its potential for practical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 4","pages":" 1093-1107"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/se/d5se01485a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146206021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combustion and emissions of substituted dioxolane – hydrotreated vegetable oil renewable fuel blends in a heavy-duty diesel engine","authors":"Sunita Sisodiya, Nicos Ladommatos, Amy Kittoe, Cameron Webb and Paul Hellier","doi":"10.1039/D5SE01530H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE01530H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Given the accelerating pace of global warming, there is a pressing need for decarbonisation of the transport sector so as to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. Alternative renewable fuels derived from biomass or the upcycling of waste are central to achieving this transition. Among these, molecules containing the dioxolane functional group have emerged as promising fuel candidates. Although the combustion kinetics of the dioxolane functional group have been studied, the effects of substituted dioxolanes on combustion characteristics and emissions in practical engine applications remain largely unexplored. This study presents the first experimental evaluation of 2-ethyl-2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane (2-EMD), a substituted dioxolane, as a major fuel component in a heavy-duty compression–ignition engine. 2-EMD was blended with hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) at 30% and 70% by volume, and tested under constant indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) and start-of-combustion (SOC) conditions. The 30%(v/v) 2-EMD blend exhibited an ignition delay identical to that of neat HVO. However, increasing the percentage blend level of 2-EMD to 70%(v/v) resulted in a longer ignition delay and a correspondingly higher apparent peak heat release rate (PHRR), elevating NOx emissions due to increased premixed combustion. Across both blends, 2-EMD reduced incomplete combustion products (CO and THC). These findings highlight the potential of 2-EMD as a viable drop-in biofuel component for heavy-duty engines at moderate blend levels of up to at least 30%(v/v).</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 6","pages":" 1419-1429"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/se/d5se01530h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147558538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structurally self-anchoring bipolar membranes with interlocked interfaces for coupled hydrogen production and biomass electrosynthesis","authors":"Sihan Li, Jiaojiao Jiang, Miaomiao Wu, Chunxiao Wu and Chao Yang","doi":"10.1039/D5SE01360G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE01360G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The development of efficient and multifunctional electrochemical systems is critical for advancing sustainable hydrogen production and green chemical synthesis. Herein, we report a structurally self-anchoring bipolar membrane (SA-BPM) fabricated <em>via</em> a scalable templated casting strategy that enables spontaneous physical interlocking between the cation exchange layer (CEL) and the anion exchange layer (AEL). This architecture significantly enhances interfacial adhesion, mechanical stability, and water dissociation kinetics. When integrated into an electrolyzer, the SA-BPMWE demonstrates a remarkably high current density of 900 mA cm<small>⁻²</small> at 2.92 V, which is more than twice the current density of the S-BMPWE without a self-anchored morphology (S-BPMWE, 374 mA cm<small>⁻²</small>) under the same conditions. Moreover, coupling cathodic hydrogen evolution with anodic 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) oxidation <em>via</em> the SA-BPM yields a current density of 10 mA cm<small>⁻²</small> at only 0.72 V, enabling simultaneous H<small>₂</small> generation and production of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) with 83.96% HMF conversion and 41.34% yield. This work highlights the critical role of interfacial structure in bipolar membranes and establishes a versatile membrane–electrode platform for integrated energy and chemical manufacturing applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 7","pages":" 1684-1694"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}