Sustainable Energy & Fuels最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing pH-gradient microscale bipolar interfaces (PMBI) enabled direct methanol hydrogen peroxide fuel cell (DMHPFC) performance under varying operating conditions","authors":"Kritika Sharma, Shrihari Sankarasubramanian, Zhongyang Wang and Vijay Ramani","doi":"10.1039/D5SE01042J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE01042J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study introduces a direct methanol hydrogen peroxide fuel cell (DMHPFC) using a pH-gradient-enabled microscale bipolar interface (PMBI) to address limitations in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Unlike conventional fuel cells that use oxygen, the DMHPFC utilizes H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small>, enhancing reactant availability and reaction kinetics. The PMBI maintains separate pH environments at the anode and cathode. The PMBI-DMHPFC combines an alkaline anode for methanol oxidation and an acidic cathode for hydrogen peroxide reduction, achieving a theoretical open-circuit voltage (OCV) of 1.72 V (compared to a theoretical OCV of 1.25 V for DMFCs) and a volumetric energy density of 9.2 kWh l<small>⁻¹</small> using aqueous methanol (39% vol) and hydrogen peroxide (41% vol). This energy density quadruples that of compressed hydrogen (2.1 kWh l<small>⁻¹</small> at 69 MPa). This study identifies optimal operating conditions: 5 M methanol with 3 M KOH as anolyte, 5 M hydrogen peroxide with 1.5 M sulfuric acid as catholyte, Nafion 115 (127 μm) as membrane, and flow rate of 2.5 ml min<small>⁻¹</small> cm<small>⁻²</small> – that maximize the power output and minimize activation-, ohmic- and mass transfer losses in DMHPFCs. Performance evaluation reveals a measured OCV of 1.69 V. While the PMBI-DMHPFC surpasses DMFC performance, its high OCV and energy density are not fully translated into high power density due to significantly higher activation and mass transport losses compared to H<small>₂</small>–O<small>₂</small> fuel cells, which typically achieve peak power densities above 1000 mW cm<small>⁻²</small>. The DMHPFC achieves a peak power density of 630 mW cm<small>⁻²</small> at the unusually high voltage of 0.8 V, reflecting the unique PMBI design and optimized operating conditions that reduce losses. This steeper voltage drop is attributed to sluggish reaction kinetics, membrane crossover and mass transport limitations. It highlights the potential for improved performance through advanced electrocatalysts, optimized membrane materials and flow design from this promising baseline.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 20","pages":" 5673-5683"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/se/d5se01042j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Boosting large scale capacitive harvesting of osmotic power by dynamic matching of ion exchange kinetics” by N. Chapuis and L. Bocquet, Sustainable Energy Fuels, 2025, 9, 2087","authors":"Nan Wu, Mathieu B. A. Freville, Zhiyi Man, Adérito Fins Carreira, Timothée Derkenne, Corentin Tregouet and Annie Colin","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00381D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00381D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This article is a comment on N. Chapuis and L. Bocquet [<em>Sustainable Energy Fuels</em>, 2025, 9, 2087–2097]. In this work, the authors present an experimental process that shows how it is possible to set up a reverse electrodialysis cell capable of achieving power values of 5 W m<small>⁻²</small>. This value is the profitability threshold. Our work challenges this claim and questions whether the proposed technique can be scaled up.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 19","pages":" 5383-5385"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application and research progress of transparent radiative cooling materials – a review","authors":"Linxin Lu, Zhuohao Bao, Haotian Zhu, Jingyi Wang, Xiangliang Dang, Yichao Chen, Xianze Yin, Xianjie Wen and Yiheng Song","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00977D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00977D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Transparent radiative cooling materials possess spectrally selective optical characteristics: they exhibit excellent transmissive performance in the visible spectrum range to allow visible light to pass through while demonstrating high emissivity in the atmospheric window. As an inherent property of materials, emissivity is defined as the ratio of radiant power per unit area of a material to that of a blackbody (an ideal radiator) at the same temperature under thermal equilibrium, and it is closely related to thermal radiation. According to Kirchhoff's law, emissivity equals absorptivity under thermal equilibrium conditions. Based on the above characteristics, such materials provide crucial support for sustainable cooling technologies and show broad prospects in the field of green and low-carbon cooling. This paper systematically reviews the principles, material systems, and design strategies of such coolers, focusing on their recent advancements. We comprehensively discuss material selection (hydrogels and thin films), structural design (inorganic materials, photonic crystal multilayers, and metamaterial architectures), performance optimization strategies (enhancing infrared emissivity in the atmospheric window), and their applications in smart windows, energy-efficient buildings, and electronics cooling. Future research should address scalability and durability through cross-scale designs and bio-inspired functionalities, further advancing this field. Ultimately, transparent radiative cooling offers an eco-friendly and energy-efficient solution to meet growing global cooling demands.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 19","pages":" 5181-5198"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-mortem identification of lithium plating in high energy automotive batteries","authors":"Syed Muhammad Abbas, Anna Jodlbauer, Martin Wilkening, Helmar Wiltsche, Josef V. Ecker, Christian Ellersdorfer, Gregor Gstrein and Ilie Hanzu","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00509D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00509D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The performance of LIBs deteriorates over time due to various aging mechanisms, among which lithium plating (LP) is critical. This study investigates LP in commercial high-energy graphite-SiO<small>_<em>x</em></small>/NMC pouch LIBs cycled until end-of-life (EOL) under LP-inducing conditions. Employing post-mortem analysis techniques such as <small>⁷</small>Li nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of LP. Electrochemical methods such as incremental capacity analysis (ICA) and differential voltage analysis (DVA) were first used to identify LP occurrence in a cell during artificial ageing (AA). Subsequently, the cells were dissected to prepare post-mortem analysis samples. ICP-OES revealed an increased soluble lithium (Li) content on the anode surface compared to a fresh cell, which is attributed to LP. Metallic Li was identified on the anode surface of the cycled cell by <small>⁷</small>Li NMR at Knight shifts in the range from 245 to 270 ppm, whereas no metallic Li was detected in fresh cell. Post-mortem SEM analysis revealed a mossy layer growth on anode sample of the artificially aged cells that is absent on the anode surface of a fresh cell. This mossy growth is attributed to LP. Elemental mapping also revealed fluorine hotspots on the mossy metallic Li layer, indicating the formation of lithium fluoride (LiF) as a reaction product between metallic Li and the cell electrolyte. Additionally, as the SEM sample was exposed to air during transfer, oxygen hotspot on mossy Li layer in elemental mapping indicates the reaction of oxygen and moisture with metallic Li.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 19","pages":" 5342-5353"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/se/d5se00509d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced cycling stability of ZnO-doped NiCo2O4 electrodes for acidic solid-state symmetric supercapacitors","authors":"Lipika Sarkar, Sunanda Pal, Sutanu Das, Farhin Sultana, Arnab Banerjee, Bibhutibhushan Show and Upendranath Nandi","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00707K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00707K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >An eco-friendly and cost-effective reflux approach is employed to synthesize ZnO-doped NiCo<small>₂</small>O<small>₄</small> (NCOXZnO) nanocomposites for supercapacitor applications. Advanced sophisticated tools are employed to investigate the structure, surface morphology, magnetic properties, surface area, and optical characteristics of NCOXZnO nanocomposites to validate their purity. The findings revealed that doping of ZnO significantly influenced the particle size, paramagnetic behaviour, porosity, and active surface area of the pristine NCO material. Electrochemical studies show that NCO7ZnO with 7 wt% ZnO achieves optimal performance, with a specific capacitance of 293 F g<small>⁻¹</small> at a specific current of 0.5 A g<small>⁻¹</small> and 439 F g<small>⁻¹</small> at a scan rate of 1 mV s<small>⁻¹</small> in 0.5 M H<small>₂</small>SO<small>₄</small>, surpassing pristine NCO. The NCO7ZnO nanocomposite also shows a high surface area (100.755 m<small>²</small> g<small>⁻¹</small>), higher pore volume (0.148 cm<small>³</small> g<small>⁻¹</small>), and low charge transfer resistance (<em>R</em><small>_ct</small> = 0.68 Ω). Additionally, the symmetric supercapacitor device using NCO7ZnO has a superior specific energy of 34.35 W h kg<small>⁻¹</small> at a specific power of 200 W kg<small>⁻¹</small>. Furthermore, it demonstrates an impressive cycle stability of 98% over 10 000 cycles, positioning ZnO-doped NiCo<small>₂</small>O<small>₄</small> as a highly promising candidate for next-generation supercapacitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 19","pages":" 5327-5341"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reductive annealing assisted enhanced oxygen vacancies in MgGa2O4 spinel towards improved OER and HER electrocatalysis","authors":"Reshmi T. Parayil, Sangeeta Jangra, Santosh K. Gupta, Kalpana Garg, K. Sudarshan, M. Mohapatra and Tharamani C. Nagaiah","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00793C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00793C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study explores the synthesis and electrochemical performance of MgGa<small>₂</small>O<small>₄</small>-based catalysts which were synthesized under different atmospheric conditions as potential electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) confirmed the phase purity and spinel structure of the synthesized material, with magnesium occupying tetrahedral sites and gallium at octahedral sites, exhibiting partial inverse spinel characteristics. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectra further supported the material's structural features. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) revealed the presence of significant oxygen vacancies in the sample which was annealed at a reducing atmosphere (MGO-R), enhancing the electrochemical activity. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed a higher proportion of oxygen vacancies in MGO-R, corroborating the PALS results. Electrochemical evaluations in 1 M KOH demonstrated that MGO-R outperforms air-annealed MgGa<small>₂</small>O<small>₄</small> (MGO-A) in both the HER and OER, exhibiting superior catalytic activity with lower overpotentials and faster kinetics. MGO-R achieved a hydrogen production current density of 380 mA cm<small>⁻²</small> at −0.8 V <em>vs.</em> RHE and exhibited a high faradaic efficiency of 98%. Additionally, MGO-R showed excellent OER performance, with a low onset potential of 1.62 V <em>vs.</em> RHE and a faradaic efficiency of 87%. Stability tests confirmed the durability of MGO-R, with minimal degradation over 200 cycles. These results highlight MGO-R's promising potential as an efficient and stable bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water electrolysis. This work lays the foundation for further development of highly active and durable electrocatalysts for sustainable energy conversion.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 20","pages":" 5697-5704"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CoP/C composites synthesized by an in situ phosphorization method as high-performance anode materials for lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Xinyue Zhang, Fulei Liu, Jiachang Zhao and Jun Jin","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00591D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00591D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Because of their great capacity to store lithium, cobalt-based phosphides are utilized as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, in practice, they are prone to capacity fading and volume expansion, which restrict their long-term use. Herein, a simple method was proposed to prepare CoP nanoparticles encapsulated in a Co-MOF-71 derived carbon layer (CoP/C). The carbon in the composites greatly improved the cycling stability and rate capability of CoP/C when compared with pure CoP. CoP/C exhibits a high initial discharge capacity of 823 mA h g<small>⁻¹</small>, a cycling durability of 338 mA h g<small>⁻¹</small> over 100 cycles, a good initial coulombic efficiency of <em>ca.</em> 76%, and an excellent rate capability (1 A g<small>⁻¹</small>: 318 mA h g<small>⁻¹</small> and 2 A g<small>⁻¹</small>: 284 mA h g<small>⁻¹</small>).</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 19","pages":" 5269-5277"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct ink writing-based 3D printing of supercapacitors for flexible and wearable electronic applications","authors":"Sudhansu Sekhar Nath and Poonam Sundriyal","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00529A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00529A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Direct ink writing-based 3D printing is one of the most effective methods for sustainable manufacturing of flexible and wearable electronic devices. It is gaining wide attention for soft and wearable electronics fabrication due to its several attributes like its ability to process a wide range of materials, flexible form factors, high scalability, reduced material waste, and capability to produce complex intricate structures. Here, we report a solid-state, asymmetric, and flexible supercapacitor fabricated using Direct ink writing (DIW) technology. Numerical simulation was used to optimize the printing parameters, and the simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental results. The rheology of the inks was also optimized for better printability. Inks for the positive and negative electrodes of the supercapacitors were prepared by mixing silicone with a graphene-carbon nanotube composite and MnO<small>₂</small>, respectively. The 3D-printed supercapacitors exhibited outstanding electrochemical performance within a voltage range of 0 to 1.8 V using a poly(vinyl alcohol)-LiCl gel electrolyte. The developed device demonstrated high flexibility, reliable cycle life performance, impressive rate capability, and a high energy density. It achieved a maximum specific capacitance of 92.72 mF cm<small>⁻²</small> at a current density of 2 mA cm<small>⁻²</small>, maximum energy density of 0.041 mWh cm<small>⁻²</small> at a power density of 1.8 mW cm<small>⁻²</small>, and capacity retention of 89.78% even after prolonged use. This work demonstrates the high potential of the DIW method for the sustainable fabrication of supercapacitors and other electronics for next-generation flexible and wearable devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 19","pages":" 5367-5382"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of jet-fuel precursors from volatile fatty acids using metal oxide-supported zeolitic catalysts","authors":"Adrián Lago, Lorenzo Bertin, Gonzalo A. Martinez, Emma Jones, Jacopo De Maron, Tommaso Tabanelli, Fabrizio Cavani, Cristina González-Fernández, David P. Serrano and Inés Moreno","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00930H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00930H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study investigates the vapor-phase ketonization of hexanoic acid (HA) to produce 6-undecanone (6-UN), a key intermediate for sustainable aviation fuels (SAF), using bifunctional catalysts composed of metal oxides supported on acidic zeolites. A screening of metal oxides (TiO<small>₂</small>, ZrO<small>₂</small>, CeO<small>₂</small>) supported on H-ZSM-5 identified TiO<small>₂</small> as the most active phase. Although HA conversion decreased over time on stream (TOS), 6-UN selectivity increased up to 90%, due to the deactivation of Brønsted acid sites (BAS) that minimizes side reactions like cracking and aromatization. In contrast, Lewis acid sites (LAS), essential for ketonization, remained more stable. The effect of supporting TiO<small>₂</small> on different zeolites (H-ZSM-5, H-β, and USY) was also evaluated. TiO<small>₂</small>/H-β showed the highest 6-UN yield due to its high LAS concentration and large mesoporous surface area (271 m<small>²</small> g<small>⁻¹</small>), highlighting the importance of acidity and textural properties. TiO<small>₂</small>/H-β also demonstrated strong stability when tested with crude bio-HA derived from grape pomace fermentation. Additionally, Na-exchanged H-ZSM-5 confirmed that removing BAS improved ketonization performance, though not as effectively as TiO<small>₂</small>/H-β, reinforcing the latter's superior catalytic behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 19","pages":" 5236-5250"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in metal–organic and covalent organic frameworks for solar energy conversion and their photovoltaic efficiency","authors":"Umme Farwa, Faisal Haroon, Zeshan Ali Sandhu, Muhammad Danish, Mir Waqas Alam, Safyan Mukhtar, Mohd Farhan and Muhammad Asam Raza","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00488H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00488H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The increasing requirement for sustainable energy solutions has demanded research on novel materials for solar energy conversion. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising materials in this regard. MOFs exhibit photovoltaic performance, with high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), due to their tunable porosity, large surface area and capability to integrate photoactive metals. Conversely, emerging COFs exhibit excellent charge separation and light absorption characteristics, thus achieving an increase in photocatalytic CO<small>₂</small> reduction compared with conventional reported catalysts. The current review demonstrates the synthesis, performance and structural design of MOFs and COFs, along with their improved solar energy conversion efficiency. Recently, hybrid or mixed-metal MOFs have been utilized to enhance light absorption capacity and mobility of charges by about 25% more than those of conventional materials. Moreover, recently published studies have revealed that COFs show greater potential in CO<small>₂</small> reduction and induce about 72% faradaic efficiency for the conversion of CO<small>₂</small> into CO. Interestingly, this review provides meaningful insights into sustainable and efficient energy solutions for CO<small>₂</small> reduction and solar energy conversion.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 20","pages":" 5458-5489"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}