Clinical psychology & psychotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of Narrative Exposure Therapy for Treatment of PTSD Following Childhood Trauma: A Single-Case Series Design","authors":"Chris Hoeboer,&nbsp;Laura Wienen,&nbsp;Mary Smiddy,&nbsp;Steven van der Werff,&nbsp;Marija Maric,&nbsp;Edith Tjoa,&nbsp;Lucie Timmers,&nbsp;Maartje Schoorl","doi":"10.1002/cpp.3044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.3044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Narrative exposure therapy (NET) has shown promising outcomes for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in refugees and veterans. Its effectiveness in patients with PTSD following childhood trauma is, however, still unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We investigated whether NET is an effective treatment for patients with PTSD following childhood trauma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We studied treatment outcomes of nine adult patients in an outpatient setting. An AB single-case series design was used with a baseline of 4 weeks prior to treatment. Participants filled in weekly online questionnaires to assess their PTSD symptoms (using the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale [PDS]) and their experienced quality of life (using the Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life [MANSA]). Data were analysed visually and using a mixed-effect model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results revealed no significant reduction of PTSD symptoms during NET treatment, nor an increase in quality of life, as compared to baseline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results of our study do not underscore the effectiveness of NET treatment for patients with PTSD following childhood trauma. Further research is needed to study the effectiveness of NET in this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10460,"journal":{"name":"Clinical psychology & psychotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cpp.3044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142099995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Temporal Relationships Between Anxiety, Mood and Mental Imagery in Patients With Bipolar Disorder: A Network Analysis","authors":"K. C. van den Berg,&nbsp;E. ten Bloemendal,&nbsp;A. T. Hendrickson,&nbsp;M. Di Simplicio,&nbsp;M. Voncken,&nbsp;G. Aalbers,&nbsp;G. P. J. Keijsers","doi":"10.1002/cpp.3050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.3050","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bipolar disorder is a severe mental health problem with limited treatment success. There is a call for improving interventions, requiring an increased understanding of factors driving mood instability. One promising avenue is to study temporal associations between factors that appear relevant according to the emotional amplifier model of Holmes are changes in mood, anxiety and mental imagery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study used data from a recent RCT for a secondary analysis which applied a network analysis approach to explore temporal associations between weekly measurements of mania, depression, anxiety and mental imagery measured during 32 weeks in two randomised groups (<i>N</i> = 55) receiving either imagery-focused cognitive therapy (ImCT) or group psychoeducation (PE).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both negative intrusive mental imagery and anxiety appeared central in the network analyses, driving changes in both mania and depression, but only in the PE group. In the ImCT group, only anxiety was driving changes in mania and depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although exploratory, findings suggest that prior increases in anxiety and negative intrusive mental imagery might be associated with subsequent increases in depression and mania symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder. Anxiety might in turn increase negative intrusive imagery and associated negative emotions. Although more research is needed, results are in line with the emotional amplifier model and stress that future interventions with a focus on anxiety and imagery might help to improve psychosocial therapies for patients with bipolar disorder. In addition, this study suggests that a network approach is a helpful and feasible way to study mood instability, anxiety and mental imagery to increase our understanding of mechanisms underpinning mood instability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10460,"journal":{"name":"Clinical psychology & psychotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cpp.3050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Danish Version of the Overall Depression Severity and Impairment Scale (ODSIS): A Reliable Instrument for Assessing Depression Symptoms and Functional Impairment","authors":"Christina Madsen,&nbsp;Nina Reinholt,&nbsp;Mikkel Arendt,&nbsp;Anita Eskildsen,&nbsp;Anne Bryde,&nbsp;Morten Hvenegaard,&nbsp;Stig Poulsen,&nbsp;Sidse Arnfred","doi":"10.1002/cpp.3049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.3049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In psychotherapy, having a reliable tracking tool is vital for effective treatment. We have validated the Danish version of the ‘Overall Depression Severity and Impairment Scale’ (ODSIS), which is used in the Unified Protocol for Emotional Disorders (UP) and other cognitive behavioural therapies. This five-item self-rating scale is expected to correspond closely to the gold-standard Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), but also to self-rating scales addressing daily functioning and well-being.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Internal consistency is assessed using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega. Criterion validity is explored through Pearson's correlation coefficient with BDI-II, the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS), the Five-Item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) and scatter plots, and an optimal cut-off score is determined using a receiver operating characteristic curve. The study included 340 respondents: 234 from a recent clinical trial, 56 psychiatric patients from inpatient/outpatient units and 50 healthy volunteers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ODSIS demonstrates strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.887–0.956, McDonald's omega: 0.888–0.957). Correlations with BDI-II, WSAS and WHO-5 highlight its strong criterion validity (BDI-II: 0.847, WSAS: 0.751, WHO-5: 0.771). The optimal cut-off score (&gt; 7.5) for detecting depression shows great sensitivity (0.862) and specificity (0.731).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Danish version of ODSIS proves to be a reliable instrument for quantification of a combination of depression level and functional impairment from the symptoms. Its high correlation with established BDI-II makes it a brief and handy tool for repeated measurement in clinical and research settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10460,"journal":{"name":"Clinical psychology & psychotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cpp.3049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Mentalization-Based Therapy With the Unified Protocol in the Treatment of Psychopathy and Comorbid Borderline + Antisocial Personality Disorders","authors":"Banafsheh Mohajerin,&nbsp;Alireza Shamsi,&nbsp;Richard Howard","doi":"10.1002/cpp.3047","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cpp.3047","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Those with cooccurring antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) are reported to be highly psychopathic and to represent a severe challenge to treatment efforts. In a sample of such individuals, the effects of two treatments, mentalization-based therapy (MBT) and the unified protocol (UP), were investigated on three outcomes: (i) the psychopathy trait domains of meanness, boldness and disinhibition proposed by the triarchic psychopathy model (TPM); (ii) antisocial and borderline symptom severity; and (iii) the severity of their common features including impulsivity, anger expression and self-harm.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 163 individuals with BPD + ASPD screened for eligibility, 55 were randomized to MBT treatment and 53 to UP treatment. Outcomes of treatment were assessed at 6-month intervals to 36 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Short-term reductions were seen following both treatments in traits of psychopathy, antisocial and borderline personality symptom severity, anger dysregulation, impulsivity and self-harm, but both treatment groups showed almost complete relapse of symptoms at the 36-month follow-up. UP had more durable effects than MBT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite being a considerably shorter treatment, UP was at least as effective as MBT and in some respects superior. Remission of symptoms was not achieved by either treatment in the long term. Psychopathy and borderline/antisocial comorbidity with which it is associated are to some extent remediable through psychotherapy, but only in the short term.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with high levels of impulsivity and disinhibition are likely to relapse following psychotherapy and should be closely monitored after treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10460,"journal":{"name":"Clinical psychology & psychotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact Message Inventory-Circumplex (IMI-C): Exploring the Aversiveness Component of Therapists' Covert Reactions to Patients' Interpersonal Communications","authors":"Anton Hafkenscheid","doi":"10.1002/cpp.3045","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cpp.3045","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Impact Message Inventory-Circumplex (IMI-C) is a two-dimensional measure of patient-induced countertransference. Surprisingly, in a replication study of its circumplex structure, Hafkenscheid and Timmerman could retrieve a third dimension, in addition to the basic dimensions of Affiliation and Control. They tentatively interpreted this preliminary third dimension as representing ‘reactance’ (oppositional and uncooperative patient behaviours), with ‘active’ and ‘passive’ as polarities. This provisional interpretation was no more than plausible and was partly speculative. Therefore, a more systematic empirical approach to the meaning embedded in the third dimension is required. The present empirical study tests the hypothesis that the preliminary third dimension might represent aversiveness rather than reactance. A panel of IMI-C users (<i>N</i> = 100) independently judged all 56 items of the instrument in terms of the general (i.e., without taking a specific patient in mind) emotional undertone enclosed in the item formulations using a forced choice three point scale format: ‘positive emotional undertone’ (+), ‘neutral’ (o) and negative (aversive) undertone (−). Overall, IMI-C users appeared to evaluate the formulations of items constituting the preliminary third dimension as intrinsically more aversive (negative emotional connotation), compared to the group of IMI-C items not included in this preliminary third dimension. However, the original octants of the IMI-C could be discriminated in terms of aversiveness as well. Anyhow, clinical interpretations of IMI-C profiles may benefit from an examination of the aversiveness component, enclosed within the items and octants themselves, irrespective of the specific patients judged with the instrument.</p>","PeriodicalId":10460,"journal":{"name":"Clinical psychology & psychotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cpp.3045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141999517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological Interventions for PTSD, Depression, and Anxiety in Child, Adolescent and Adult Forced Migrants: A Systematic Review and Frequentist and Bayesian Meta-Analyses","authors":"Marc Molendijk,&nbsp;Charlotte Baart,&nbsp;Jan Schaffeld,&nbsp;Zeynep Akçakaya,&nbsp;Charlotte Rönnau,&nbsp;Marike Kooistra,&nbsp;Rianne de Kleine,&nbsp;Celina Strater,&nbsp;Louise Mooshammer","doi":"10.1002/cpp.3042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.3042","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The number of forced migrants has been rising for years. Many forced migrants suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and/or anxiety and need treatment. Here, we evaluate the effectiveness of psychological interventions (CBT, EMDR, expressive/art, mindfulness, mixed elements, NET and psychoeducation) in reducing symptoms of PTSD, depression, and anxiety in forced migrants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design and Data Sources</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Systematic searches in PubMed and Web of Science and searches of preprint servers and grey literature were performed (final search date: 1 September 2023). Random-effects frequentist and Bayesian meta-analyses were used for data synthesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 84 studies on treatment effects in adults (pooled <i>N</i> = 6302) and 32 on children and adolescents (pooled <i>N</i> = 1097). Our data show a reduction in symptoms of PTSD, depression and anxiety symptoms in both adults and child/adolescent forced migrants. Pooled pre- to post-treatment effects (effect size Cohen's <i>d</i>) ranged from −1.03 to −0.26 for PTSD, from −0.91 to −0.11 for depression and from −0.91 to −0.60 for anxiety, without there being differences in outcome per study design (i.e., RCT comparison vs. non-RCT comparison vs. single arm treatment study). Treatment effects remained evident over follow-up, and not a single type of treatment stood out as being superior to other treatment types. Structural differences in populations (e.g., regarding country of origin) over studies, however, could have hampered the validity of the comparisons between study characteristics such as treatment type.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings support the effectiveness of psychological treatment in adult and child/adolescent forced migrants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10460,"journal":{"name":"Clinical psychology & psychotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cpp.3042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141994246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-Year Follow-Up: Schema Therapy for Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder and Comorbid Alcohol Use Disorder","authors":"Michiel Boog,&nbsp;Mette C. Visser,&nbsp;Loes Clarijs,&nbsp;Ingmar H. A. Franken,&nbsp;Arnoud Arntz","doi":"10.1002/cpp.3040","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cpp.3040","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article describes the 1-year follow-up of a study into the effectiveness of Schema Therapy (ST) for borderline personality disorder (BPD) and comorbid alcohol use disorder (AUD). In the original study, 20 of these patients participated in a multiple baseline case series design study. The results of the original study were promising (a significant decrease of BPD and AUD symptoms). The present study is aimed at examining the longer term benefits of ST for BPD and comorbid AUD. One year after the cessation of the investigational therapy, 17 of the original participants agreed to participate in this follow-up study. <i>T</i>- or Wilcoxon signed rank tests were performed to compare 1-year follow-up to start of therapy (baseline). The results suggest that the main therapeutic improvements were generally preserved at 1-year follow-up. These findings add to the idea that integrated ST for BPD and comorbid AUD might be effective, also in the long term. A randomized clinical trial is indicated to substantiate this idea.</p>","PeriodicalId":10460,"journal":{"name":"Clinical psychology & psychotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cpp.3040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141975256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological Factors Protecting Against Suicidality in Older Adults: A Systematic Review","authors":"Hannah Maynard,&nbsp;James D. Gregory,&nbsp;Andrea Davies,&nbsp;John Fox","doi":"10.1002/cpp.3029","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cpp.3029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Suicide rates in older adults are often the highest of any age group, particularly among high income countries. However, there is a limited understanding of the factors that could protect against suicidality in older age. This systematic review aimed to identify and evaluate the psychological factors that protect against suicidality in older age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An a priori protocol was established and registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022343694). EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Scopus were searched. Papers were quality assessed using the Quality Assessment with Diverse Studies (QuADSs) tool. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Seventeen papers were included and narratively synthesised.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The initial searches identified 10,673 records, resulting in the screening of 5441 records after the removal of duplicates. The protective factors identified were (1) meaning/purpose in life, (2) reasons for living, (3) coping styles, (4) psychological wellbeing, (5) life satisfaction, (6) personality factors, (7) cognitive functioning, and (8) sense of belonging. The factors with the most empirical support were meaning in life, followed by psychological wellbeing and coping responses, such as primary control strategies, and personality traits, such as positive affect and agency. There was also evidence to suggest that the influence of some protective factors, for example meaning in life, may depend upon stage in older life and gender.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review identified several psychological factors that have been found to protect against suicidal ideation in older adults, representing potential treatment targets for reducing suicide in older adults. Recommendations for future research includes greater use of longitudinal and case–control designs, measuring outcomes across the continuum of suicidality and using samples that allow comparison between younger and older adults and within the spectrum of old age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10460,"journal":{"name":"Clinical psychology & psychotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cpp.3029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141975257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family Therapy for Kosovar Mothers Who Experienced Conflict-Related Sexual Violence and Their Children in Postwar Times: A Pilot Randomised Waitlist-Controlled Trial","authors":"Christina Seery,&nbsp;Feride Rushiti,&nbsp;Sebahate Pacolli Krasniqi,&nbsp;Selvi Izeti Çarkaxhiu,&nbsp;Vjosa Devaja Xhemaili,&nbsp;Dafina Arifaj Limani,&nbsp;Qëndresa Prapashtica,&nbsp;Vesa Turjaka,&nbsp;Nebahate Zekaj,&nbsp;Mimoza Salihu,&nbsp;Line Hjort,&nbsp;Joanne Ryan,&nbsp;Sara Helene Kaas-Petersen,&nbsp;Shr-Jie Sharlenna Wang","doi":"10.1002/cpp.3039","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cpp.3039","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Women who have experienced conflict-related sexual violence report significant long-term effects, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and relationship difficulties. Research has demonstrated that maternal trauma is associated with children's behavioural difficulties and challenges in family functioning, such as impaired communication and harsh parenting. This pilot study is aimed at evaluating the preliminary effectiveness of family therapy for Kosovar mothers who experienced conflict-related sexual violence in 1998–1999 and later developed PTSD and their children in improving family functioning and reducing behavioural difficulties in postwar times. Sixty-four mothers were randomised to an intervention group or a waitlist control group. Data was collected during a screening phase, at baseline before intervention initiation, after the intervention group completed family therapy and once the waitlist control group received the intervention. Generalised linear mixed models were used to analyse group differences in family functioning and children's behaviours over time. At follow-up, mothers in the intervention group reported improved family functioning. However, mothers in the waitlist control group reported significantly fewer behavioural difficulties than mothers in the intervention group before the control group had started family therapy. There was no significant interaction between group condition and time for child-rated family functioning. Overall, this pilot study suggests that family therapy could be effective in reducing the effects of intergenerational trauma related to PTSD and conflict-related sexual violence. Future research should evaluate the long-term effects of family therapy to assess if immediate effects were maintained.</p>","PeriodicalId":10460,"journal":{"name":"Clinical psychology & psychotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cpp.3039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141916291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortisol Synchrony in Psychotherapy for Major Depressive Disorder","authors":"Eyal Levi,&nbsp;Galit Peysachov,&nbsp;Roee Admon,&nbsp;Sigal Zilcha-Mano","doi":"10.1002/cpp.3035","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cpp.3035","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accumulating research emphasizes the role of interpersonal coordination in arousal levels, which may manifest as cortisol synchrony, in interpersonal interactions. While the role of cortisol has been investigated in psychotherapy, cortisol synchrony and its characteristics and effect on treatment progress remain a relatively unexplored area. This study aims to explore the existence of distinct patterns of cortisol coordination throughout psychotherapy and test the associations of different coordination patterns with patients' pre-treatment characteristics and treatment progress measures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty patient–therapist dyads participated in 16 weeks of psychodynamic treatment for major depressive disorder. Salivary cortisol samples were collected before and after each session at four time points. Self-report questionnaires and treatment session video-coding were used to characterize and differentiate between patterns of cortisol coordination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three patterns of cortisol coordination were identified: synchronized, unsynchronized and stable-therapist. These patterns differed in patient characteristics and treatment progress measures in that patients exhibiting a synchronized pattern tended to be more anxious and dominant in their relationships and were more prone to withdrawal ruptures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results provide novel evidence regarding variability in patient–therapist cortisol patterns and its putative associations with treatment progress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10460,"journal":{"name":"Clinical psychology & psychotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141912063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}