{"title":"Despeckling of Synthetic Aperture Radar Image using Deep-Learning Model","authors":"YuFan Cai, J. Sumantyo","doi":"10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688432","url":null,"abstract":"This paper mainly studies despeckling method for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image. The denoising method based on deep learning usually needs a lot of samples and noiseless reference images to realize data regression. However, speckle noise is very different from random additive noise such as white Gaussian noise in that its distribution is affected by the background target and it is hard to obtain completely noiseless reference images. Therefore, we proposed a local learning method and constructed a deep learning model to overcome this challenge, which named Speckle-Denoise-Net (SD-Net). In proposed method, the speckle noise can be effectively suppressed without the need for noiseless reference images. It can not only solve the problem of lacking training samples and having excessive image size, but also take advantage of unsupervised learning for inherent noise to make a good balance between smoothing and structure-preserving compared With other methods. At present, the test results of this method (Including denoising effect, original information retention, and algorithm speed) have exceeded most of the existing traditional denoising algorithms and deep learning methods, which allow it to bring new inspirations to solve the problem of speckle noise.","PeriodicalId":104561,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th Asia-Pacific Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (APSAR)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128229300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Ambrosanio, S. Franceschini, M. M. Autorino, V. Pascazio
{"title":"Convolutional Neural Networks for Tomographic MIMO Ground Penetrating Radar Imaging","authors":"M. Ambrosanio, S. Franceschini, M. M. Autorino, V. Pascazio","doi":"10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688476","url":null,"abstract":"Ground penetrating radar (GPR) represents a remote sensing modality which has been extensively exploited for the detection and characterisation of buried objects in a non-destructive way. To this aim, several algorithms have been developed to efficiently and automatically identify underground targets of interest. In this framework, approaches based on deep learning and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been proposed in the past years and recently gained a lot of attention by the scientific community. Despite their efficiency, these approaches require a large number of cases to perform the training step and improve their classification performance. In this paper, the use of multistatic GPR data is explored (via simplified numerical simulations) to automatically classify the kind of underground utility in areas in which both water and natural gas pipes can be considered. More in detail, some discussions on the classification performance obtained via considering more receivers in the measurement configuration close the paper, underlining the better results obtained via exploiting the multistatic data.","PeriodicalId":104561,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th Asia-Pacific Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (APSAR)","volume":"518 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133976468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Dey, Narayanarao Bhogapurapu, A. Bharracharya, D. Mandal, H. Mcnairn, Y. S. Rao
{"title":"Novel Clustering Technique for Monitoring Crop Phenology Using SAR Data","authors":"S. Dey, Narayanarao Bhogapurapu, A. Bharracharya, D. Mandal, H. Mcnairn, Y. S. Rao","doi":"10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688426","url":null,"abstract":"Unsupervised clustering is essential when in-hand information about crop phenological stages are not available. In addition, this technique assists in discriminating crop growth stages concerning the changes in the scattering mechanisms. Newly proposed parameter $theta_{FP}$ for full polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data is shown to be enhancing the target characterization capability over the existing parameter such as $overline{alpha}$. Following this, the existing clustering technique by combinedly utilizing the Barakat degree of polarization and elements of the Kennaugh matrix along with scattering entropy HFP is effective over land cover classes. The clustering scheme is consisting of 12 zones where zones (Zl, Z2, Z3), (Z10, Zll, Z12), and (Z4, Z5, Z6, Z7, Z8, Z9) represent even, odd and multiple scattering types, respectively. In this study, we use the RADARSAT-2 FP SAR data from Jun to Nov 2019 acquired over the Indian test site of Vijayawada under the Joint Experiment for Crop Assessment and Monitoring (JECAM) initiative. The changes and shifts of the clusters are exciting according to the phenological development of rice fields. At the initial stage, dense clusters are evident in Z10, Zll, and Z12, while, during the advanced tillering stage, more data points are found in the Z3 zone. Following this, clusters in zone Z5, Z6, Z8 and Z9 are evident during the maturity stage.","PeriodicalId":104561,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th Asia-Pacific Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (APSAR)","volume":"233 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134006349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Kriswati, Agustan, M. Frederik, A. Saepuloh, S. Darmawan, Hilma Alfianti
{"title":"Long Term Ground Deformation of Mount Raung as Inferred by InSAR and GPS Data","authors":"E. Kriswati, Agustan, M. Frederik, A. Saepuloh, S. Darmawan, Hilma Alfianti","doi":"10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688412","url":null,"abstract":"The eruptions of Mount Raung, located in East Java, Indonesia was characterized as explosive and effusive. The majority of eruptions that occurred before 1956 produced ash high into the air, and since 1921 the majority of eruptions have been lava flows to the base of the caldera. The most recent eruption occurred on January 21, 2021 where the ash column was observed to reach 400 - 1000 meters above the peak; on February 8 - 12 it even reached an altitude of 2000 - 2500 meters. Monitoring of lava (hotspot) has been carried out since February 6, 2021, which proceeded to cover almost to the entire caldera base. This eruption is probably a series of lava eruptions for the period November 2014 - August 2015 and July-August 2020. Currently, the main volcanic activity of Raung is located at the base of the elliptical caldera, measuring 1750 x 2250 m at a depth of 400-550 m below the embankment. The deformation activity of Mount Raung was observed by combining interferometric method and GNSS observation. Around 268 unwrapped interferograms since 2015 until January 2021 were provided by LiCSAR and processed by LiCSBAS method. The deformations are clearly shown on crater with deflation trend, whereas inflation trend is detected on the caldera. In short period, i.e. June to January 2021, inflation and deflation are detected on the crater. For terrestrial method, GNSS data from 3 stations that observed since December 2018 using the Leica SR30 receiver and processed by GIPSYX software. The data showed indication of deflation in the body of Mount Raung from December 2018 to mid-January 2021. Moreover, between mid-January to late February 2021 there was an indication of inflation in the peak areas. The analysis using shorter period should be able to observe the dynamics changes in the deformation of Mount Raung, but the long-term ones can determine the pressure accumulation process at the depth and the possibility of future eruption.","PeriodicalId":104561,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th Asia-Pacific Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (APSAR)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131096094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pre-assessment of the Potential of Dual Polarization of Sentinel 1 Data for Mapping the Mangrove Tree Species Distribution in South Bali, Indonesia","authors":"M. F. Ghazali, K. Wikantika","doi":"10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688441","url":null,"abstract":"Behind the needs of the availability for the mangrove trees biodiversity database are important in promoting coastal area protection, including mangrove forest conservation. This initiative started by mapping mangrove trees distribution by utilizing two different modes of ground detected ranged (GRD) and single look complex (SLC) of Sentinel-l data images. Both are processed to get the backscatter value, dual-polarization radar vegetation index (DpRVI) and polarization decomposition for entropy, alpha, and anisotropy values for each mangrove trees species (MTS) detection that compared with the data field. Besides that, the distribution of each mangrove tree has been conducted based on its genus and species richness that estimated using a random forest (RF) algorithm for nine different combinations, including VV, VH, and VV-VH, entropy, alpha, and anisotropy, DpRVI, and the integration of between backscatter value and polarization decomposition. The result has shown a variation in the level of accuracy ranging from weak to moderate at about 26% to 65%. The combination of VV, VH, VH-VV and DpRVI obtained better accuracy at about 65%. Related to the species of mangrove detected, the Avicennia alba becomes a dominant mangrove tree species grown as much as 60% in the study area.","PeriodicalId":104561,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th Asia-Pacific Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (APSAR)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134318043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of the recovery activity after the Kumamoto Earthquake using ALOS-2/PALSAR-2","authors":"T. Nonaka, T. Asaka, K. Iwashita","doi":"10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688517","url":null,"abstract":"A magnitude 6.5 earthquake struck the Kumamoto region of Japan in April 2016. The earthquake caused extensive building damage in the Mashiki-town. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is an effective tool for assessing building damage. The author has analyzed the damage immediately after the earthquake using the coherence of PALSAR-2 onboard ALOS-2. The results showed that the damage in Mashiki-town was larger than that in Kumamoto City. The purpose of this study is to monitor the status of damaged area using the coherence generated from the pair of images after the earthquake. The coherence analysis was conducted both pairs of ascending and descending. The results quantitatively show that the coherence is lower in Mashiki-town than in Kumamoto City even after the earthquake.","PeriodicalId":104561,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th Asia-Pacific Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (APSAR)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132312793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development and Validation of Compact All Time Imaging SAR Sensor System (CATIS)","authors":"Song Xue, M. Waqar, Myeong-Ryong Nam","doi":"10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688364","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system called compact all time imaging sensor (CATIS) for small satellite. The weight of CATIS is less than 5 kg. including the controller board, signal transmission and reception board, RF modulator board, the high capacity data storage board. CATIS supports the multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) mode for the high resolution image acquisition, digital IQ modulation technique for high spectral purity, and The main features of the proposed SAR system are that the system supports multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) SAR mode for high resolution image acquisition, digital IQ modulation technique for high spectral purity. Also, this paper proposes the verification and validation result of the system by conducting the AutoSAR and airborne platform SAR test.","PeriodicalId":104561,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th Asia-Pacific Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (APSAR)","volume":"19 32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116710327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MetaSensing Airborne InSAR Systems for DEM Generation: Results from X, C, P-Band Campaigns","authors":"K. D. de Macedo, A. Coccia, A. Meta, S. Placidi","doi":"10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688496","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the technological and methodological aspects of the multifrequency MetaSensing systems for DEM generation. Three selected recent airborne campaigns, each at a different operating bands (X, C & P), specifically designed for InSAR applications are reported. The paper first provides a general overview of the installation of the different airborne SAR systems followed by a description of the processing and calibration steps. We introduce the use of the zero-meter-baseline single-pass interferogram for the phase calibration. The paper presents the results over hilly areas and forested terrains and discusses the resolution and the accuracy of the processed data.","PeriodicalId":104561,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th Asia-Pacific Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (APSAR)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128211916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Setyaningrum, Dynosius Bryan Sencaki, F. Marpaung, Muhamad Dayuf, A. P. Perdana
{"title":"Sentinel 1 SAR for Rapid Identification of Flooded Inquiries in South Kalimantan Province","authors":"N. Setyaningrum, Dynosius Bryan Sencaki, F. Marpaung, Muhamad Dayuf, A. P. Perdana","doi":"10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688487","url":null,"abstract":"An 2021-flood occurred in South Kalimantan Province caused severe moral and material losses, the destruction of nature, and weakened the wheel of the economy. Rapid identification of affected flood inundation areas spatially is essential for monitoring and assisting in the preparation of emergency responses. Spatial analysis of flood areas utilizes SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) images because its wavelength is able to penetrate well through clouds or hazy atmosphere. This study utilizes Sentinel-1A level GRD (Ground Range Detect) - IW (Interferometric Wide Swath Mode) images with VV and VH polarization. We used Remote Sensing Change Detection (RDCD) method and then implemented a flood threshold. Flood event verification is obtained from the crowdsourcing report of flood events through social media. Results shows that 11 districts of South Kalimantan were affected by flooding, namely Balangan Regency (3,498 ha), Banjar (47,548 ha), Barito Kuala (37,530 ha), Hulu Sungai Selatan (9,939 ha), Hulu Sungai Tengah (9,789 ha), Hulu Sungai Utara (13,002.24 ha), Tabalong (4,876 ha), Tanah Laut (25,931 ha), Tapin (15,597 ha), Banjarbaru (2,812 ha) and Banjarmasin (6,570 ha).","PeriodicalId":104561,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th Asia-Pacific Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (APSAR)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122277587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Narayanarao Bhogapurapu, A. Bhattacharya, Y. S. Rao
{"title":"Chandrayaan-2 Dual Frequency Synthetic Aperture Radar (DFSAR) Full and Compact Polarimetric Data Analysis for the Lunar Surface","authors":"Narayanarao Bhogapurapu, A. Bhattacharya, Y. S. Rao","doi":"10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSAR52370.2021.9688528","url":null,"abstract":"India launched the Chandrayaan-2 satellite on 22 July 2019, with several sensors onboard to map the Lunar surface and subsurface. Among the several sensors, the Dual Frequency Synthetic Aperture Radar (DFSAR) operates in L- and S-band frequencies in full and compact polarimetric modes. This paper analyzes full- and compact polarimetric SAR data acquired by L- and S-bands to explore backscattering characteristics of lunar surface and subsurface. The data utilized in this study are collected near the south polar region of the moon. We applied a few polarimetric decomposition techniques and scattering signatures to analyze the data. First, we analyzed the model-free four-component decomposition method and the model-based Yamaguchi four-component decomposition powers over various lunar surface features for the full-pol data. Similarly, for the compact-pol data, the model-free three-component decomposition and the m – χ are employed. Second, we carried out a comparative analysis of the decomposed powers at different sensor frequencies. In this preliminary study, we observed that the recently developed model-free decomposition techniques provide meaningful insights in interpreting physical scattering mechanisms in unknown/under-explored terrains of the lunar surface.","PeriodicalId":104561,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th Asia-Pacific Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (APSAR)","volume":"333 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124688800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}