Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine最新文献_第9页

Principles in the Development of Contemporary Treatment of Childhood Malignancies: The First 75 Years. 当代儿童恶性肿瘤治疗发展的原则：前 75 年。

IF 7.8 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041634

Katie A Greenzang, Stephen E Sallan

{"title":"Principles in the Development of Contemporary Treatment of Childhood Malignancies: The First 75 Years.","authors":"Katie A Greenzang, Stephen E Sallan","doi":"10.1101/cshperspect.a041634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a041634","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last 75 years, pediatric cancer has gone from nearly universally fatal, to having a >80% chance of long-term survival. Below we share highlights in this 75-year history, beginning with the \"birth\" of chemotherapy in treating childhood leukemia, through the development of multiagent chemotherapy, risk-stratified therapy, the use of molecular strategies in diagnosis and treatment, and adapting treatment to the needs of particularly vulnerable patient groups such as adolescents and young adults (AYAs). While pediatric leukemia treatment demonstrates the ever-improving cures achieved through iterative incorporation of novel discoveries, this experience is contrasted with that of osteosarcoma, where scientific advances made over recent decades have yet to be translated into meaningful improvements in long-term survival. We conclude with a brief overview of current areas of focus, including precision medicine, immunotherapy, and other treatment advancements, yet describe the need to couple these scientific breakthroughs with consideration of equitable access and evaluation of the long-term impacts of these \"newer\" therapies in survivorship. Substantial further work is needed to achieve our goal of curing all children with cancer as harmlessly as possible.","PeriodicalId":10452,"journal":{"name":"Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Patient-Derived-Xenografts in Mice: A Preclinical Platform for Cancer Research. 小鼠中的患者衍生的X基因移植物：癌症研究的临床前平台。

IF 7.8 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041381

Emiliano Cocco, Elisa de Stanchina

{"title":"Patient-Derived-Xenografts in Mice: A Preclinical Platform for Cancer Research.","authors":"Emiliano Cocco, Elisa de Stanchina","doi":"10.1101/cshperspect.a041381","DOIUrl":"10.1101/cshperspect.a041381","url":null,"abstract":"The use of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) has dramatically improved drug development programs. PDXs (1) reproduce the pathological features and the genomic profile of the parental tumors more precisely than other preclinical models, and (2) more faithfully predict therapy response. However, PDXs have limitations. These include the inability to completely capture tumor heterogeneity and the role of the immune system, the low engraftment efficiency of certain tumor types, and the consequences of the human-host interactions. Recently, the use of novel mouse strains and specialized engraftment techniques has enabled the generation of \"humanized\" PDXs, partially overcoming such limitations. Importantly, establishing, characterizing, and maintaining PDXs is costly and requires a significant regulatory, administrative, clinical, and laboratory infrastructure. In this review, we will retrace the historical milestones that led to the implementation of PDXs for cancer research, review the most recent innovations in the field, and discuss future avenues to tackle deficiencies that still exist.","PeriodicalId":10452,"journal":{"name":"Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11216185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10213390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current Status of Clinical Trials Design and Outcomes in Retinal Gene Therapy. 视网膜基因治疗的临床试验设计和结果现状。

IF 7.8 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041301

Boris Rosin, Eyal Banin, Jose-Alain Sahel

引用次数: 0

Mouse Models to Evaluate the Functional Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in Cancer Progression and Therapy Responses. 评估肿瘤微环境在癌症进展和治疗反应中的功能作用的小鼠模型

IF 7.8 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041411

Kathleen M McAndrews, Krishnan K Mahadevan, Raghu Kalluri

引用次数: 0

Integrating Omics into Functional Biomarkers of Type 1 Diabetes. 将 Omics 整合到 1 型糖尿病的功能生物标记中。

IF 7.8 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041602

S Alice Long, Peter S Linsley

引用次数: 0

Role of Tumor Cell Intrinsic and Host Autophagy in Cancer. 肿瘤细胞内在自噬和宿主自噬在癌症中的作用

IF 7.8 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041539

Jessie Yanxiang Guo, Eileen White

{"title":"Role of Tumor Cell Intrinsic and Host Autophagy in Cancer.","authors":"Jessie Yanxiang Guo, Eileen White","doi":"10.1101/cshperspect.a041539","DOIUrl":"10.1101/cshperspect.a041539","url":null,"abstract":"Macroautophagy (autophagy hereafter) is an intracellular nutrient scavenging pathway induced by starvation and other stressors whereby cellular components such as organelles are captured in double-membrane vesicles (autophagosomes), whereupon their contents are degraded through fusion with lysosomes. Two main purposes of autophagy are to recycle the intracellular breakdown products to sustain metabolism and survival during starvation and to eliminate damaged or excess cellular components to suppress inflammation and maintain homeostasis. In contrast to most normal cells and tissues in the fed state, tumor cells up-regulate autophagy to promote their growth, survival, and malignancy. This tumor-cell-autonomous autophagy supports elevated metabolic demand and suppresses tumoricidal activation of the innate and adaptive immune responses. Tumor-cell-nonautonomous (e.g., host) autophagy also supports tumor growth by maintaining essential tumor nutrients in the circulation and tumor microenvironment and by suppressing an antitumor immune response. In the setting of cancer therapy, autophagy is a resistance mechanism to chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Thus, tumor and host autophagy are protumorigenic and autophagy inhibition is being examined as a novel therapeutic approach to treat cancer.","PeriodicalId":10452,"journal":{"name":"Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11216174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139520131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Extraordinary Phenotypic and Genetic Variability of Retinal and Macular Degenerations: The Relevance to Therapeutic Developments. 视网膜和黄斑变性异常的表型和遗传变异性：治疗发展的相关性。

IF 5.4 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041652

Isabelle Audo, Marco Nassisi, Christina Zeitz, José-Alain Sahel

引用次数: 0

Breast Cancer Histopathology in the Age of Molecular Oncology. 分子肿瘤学时代的乳腺癌组织病理学。

IF 5.4 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041647

Zuzana Kos, Torsten O Nielsen, Anne-Vibeke Laenkholm

引用次数: 0

Aging and Inflammation. 衰老与炎症

IF 5.4 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041197

Amit Singh, Shepherd H Schurman, Arsun Bektas, Mary Kaileh, Roshni Roy, David M Wilson, Ranjan Sen, Luigi Ferrucci

{"title":"Aging and Inflammation.","authors":"Amit Singh, Shepherd H Schurman, Arsun Bektas, Mary Kaileh, Roshni Roy, David M Wilson, Ranjan Sen, Luigi Ferrucci","doi":"10.1101/cshperspect.a041197","DOIUrl":"10.1101/cshperspect.a041197","url":null,"abstract":"Aging can be conceptualized as the progressive disequilibrium between stochastic damage accumulation and resilience mechanisms that continuously repair that damage, which eventually cause the development of chronic disease, frailty, and death. The immune system is at the forefront of these resilience mechanisms. Indeed, aging is associated with persistent activation of the immune system, witnessed by a high circulating level of inflammatory markers and activation of immune cells in the circulation and in tissue, a condition called \"inflammaging.\" Like aging, inflammaging is associated with increased risk of many age-related pathologies and disabilities, as well as frailty and death. Herein we discuss recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms leading to inflammaging and the intrinsic dysregulation of the immune function that occurs with aging. We focus on the underlying mechanisms of chronic inflammation, in particular the role of NF-κB and recent studies targeting proinflammatory mediators. We further explore the dysregulation of the immune response with age and immunosenescence as an important mechanistic immune response to acute stressors. We examine the role of the gastrointestinal microbiome, age-related dysbiosis, and the integrated stress response in modulating the inflammatory \"response\" to damage accumulation and stress. We conclude by focusing on the seminal question of whether reducing inflammation is useful and the results of related clinical trials. In summary, we propose that inflammation may be viewed both as a clinical biomarker of the failure of resilience mechanisms and as a causal factor in the rising burden of disease and disabilities with aging. The fact that inflammation can be reduced through nonpharmacological interventions such as diet and exercise suggests that a life course approach based on education may be a successful strategy to increase the health span with few adverse consequences.","PeriodicalId":10452,"journal":{"name":"Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11146314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138486880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cellular Origins and Lineage Plasticity in Cancer. 癌症的细胞起源和血统可塑性

IF 5.4 2区医学

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041389

Jason R Pitarresi, Ben Z Stanger

引用次数: 0