Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology最新文献

{"title":"Histopathological Features and p16/p62 Expression as Indicators of High-Risk HPV Co-Infection in Anogenital Condyloma Acuminata.","authors":"Hermin Aminah Usman, Etis Primastari, Pati Aji Achdiat, Risa Miliawati Nurul Hidayah, Karimah Ihda Husnayain, Bethy Suryawathy Hernowo, Birgitta Maria Dewayani, Hasrayati Agustina, Anglita Yantisetiasti, Okky Husain, Nia Nuraeni, Nurvita Trianasari","doi":"10.2147/CCID.S554449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S554449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Condyloma acuminata (CA) is primarily caused by low-risk human papillomavirus (LR-HPV); however, high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) co-infection is increasingly reported and cannot be reliably distinguished based on clinical appearance alone. Histopathological assessment and selected immunohistochemical markers may help identify lesions with greater biological risk.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the association between histopathological features, p16 and p62 expression, and HR-HPV co-infection in anogenital CA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 81 histopathologically confirmed CA cases. Semi-quantitative scoring was applied to lesion morphology, keratinization patterns, koilocytosis, atypical mitoses, and lymphocytic infiltration. p16 and p62 expression were assessed immunohistochemically. HPV genotyping was performed using real-time PCR. Variables significant in bivariate analysis were entered into multivariate logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HR-HPV co-infection was detected in 59.3% of cases, with HPV-16 as the most frequent genotype. Hyperkeratosis (aOR = 4.29; p = 0.039) and atypical mitotic activity (aOR = 14.29; p < 0.001) were independently associated with HR-HPV co-infection. Parakeratosis and koilocytosis showed inverse associations. p16 and p62 were not independent predictors, although p16 block positivity correlated with high p62 expression (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Certain histopathological features, particularly atypical mitoses and hyperkeratosis, are associated with HR-HPV co-infection in anogenital CA. Routine histopathological evaluation may therefore provide practical clues to identify lesions that warrant closer clinical attention, while p16 and p62 offer complementary biological information.</p>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":"19 ","pages":"554449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in the Hair Follicle Bacteriome and Mycobiome in Androgenetic Alopecia: A Cross-Sectional Study of 72 Patients and 24 Healthy Controls.","authors":"Beibei Miao, Xueke Zou, Shuxia Yang, Zixing Zhou, Yuanyuan Geng, Shu Zhang, Jie Gong, Menglong Ran","doi":"10.2147/CCID.S590873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S590873","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is characterized by perifollicular micro-inflammation, although its precise trigger remains elusive. Given that the hair follicle harbors a distinct microbiota which may modulate local immune responses, this study aimed to comprehensively profile the bacterial and fungal microbiome within the deep hair follicles of AGA patients versus healthy controls, and to evaluate the influence of disease severity, age, sex, and geographical environment.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We recruited 96 subjects (72 AGA patients and 24 healthy controls), collecting a total of 192 plucked hair follicle samples from the vertex and occipital scalp. Bacterial 16S rRNA (V3-V4) and fungal ITS regions were sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq platform. Bioinformatics pipelines were employed to analyze α- and β-diversity, as well as taxonomic composition, across multiple stratifications: disease stage, scalp region, age, sex, and geographical location.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bacterial community structure showed relative stability between groups. In contrast, fungal communities were markedly dysbiotic in AGA. A key finding was the significant depletion of the commensal yeast <i>Malassezia</i> in AGA follicles compared to controls (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Conversely, opportunistic taxa such as <i>Thermomyces</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium</i> were enriched in advanced disease stages. Notably, microbial α-diversity increased with both disease severity and age, indicating a disruption of the follicular niche (\"niche collapse\"). Male AGA patients exhibited distinct fungal shifts compared to females, and geographical location significantly shaped the follicular microbiome in patients but not in healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Androgenetic alopecia involves fungal dysbiosis with loss of commensal Malassezia and gain of opportunistic microbes. Driven by host and environmental factors, this reframes AGA as an ecological imbalance, opening avenues for microbiome-targeted therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":"19 ","pages":"590873"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Uncommon Coexistence of Mid-Borderline Leprosy and Generalized Pustular Psoriasis.","authors":"Hendra Gunawan, Risa Miliawati Nurul Hidayah, Reiva Farah Dwiyana, Trustia Rizqandaru, Reti Hindritiani, Hermin Aminah Usman, Ranisa Larasati","doi":"10.2147/CCID.S599655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S599655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by <i>Mycobacterium leprae</i> that primarily affects the skin and peripheral nerves, whereas generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare and severe form of psoriasis characterized by widespread sterile pustules and systemic symptoms. Their coexistence is extremely rare due to distinct genetic, immunologic, and epidemiologic profiles. We report a case of a 28-year-old female presenting with both mid-borderline (BB) leprosy and severe GPP. She initially developed numb, erythematous patches on her extremities, followed by pustular eruptions on her right arm that became generalized. Physical examination revealed lagophthalmos, right claw hand, and glove-and-stocking anesthesia without nerve enlargement. Skin lesions included anesthetic macules and plaques on extremities, punched-out lesions on the back, and pustules with crusting and scaling on the face and extremities. A slit-skin smear showed a bacterial index of 1+, and Gram staining of pustules revealed polymorphonuclear cells without bacteria. Histopathology from punched-out lesions revealed granulomas with epithelioid cells and Langhans giant cells. Biopsy of pustules showed features consistent with GPP, including psoriasiform hyperplasia, Munro's abscesses, and Kogoj's spongiform pustules. The patient was diagnosed with BB leprosy with severe reversal reaction coexisting with GPP. She was treated with WHO-recommended multidrug therapy for multibacillary leprosy and systemic corticosteroids, leading to marked clinical improvement within 47 days. This case highlights the importance of recognizing rare coexisting conditions of leprosy and autoimmune diseases, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive diagnostic approach and prompt management to achieve favourable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":"19 ","pages":"599655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13098558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influenza Vaccine as a Potential Trigger for Urticarial Phase Bullous Pemphigoid: A Case Report.","authors":"Abdulaziz Madani, Bushra Alraddadi, Ahmed Alajlan, Renad Alkanaan","doi":"10.2147/CCID.S605152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S605152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a chronic autoimmune blistering disorder that primarily affects older adults. While typically associated with tense bullae, its urticarial phase presents diagnostic challenges due to its nonspecific features, often mimicking other pruritic dermatoses.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>This report presents a unique case of urticarial phase BP triggered by influenza vaccination in a 58-year-old male, with a clinical course marked by widespread intensely pruritic annular erythematous plaques. Notably, no vesicles, bullae, or erosions were observed during the early phase. Histopathological analysis revealed subepidermal eosinophilic infiltration and characteristic direct immunofluorescence findings, confirming the diagnosis. Treatment with systemic corticosteroids and topical therapies resulted in clinical remission.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case contributes to the growing evidence of vaccine-triggered autoimmune diseases, highlighting potential mechanisms such as molecular mimicry and immune dysregulation. By comparing this case with previous reports, we underscore the importance of recognizing vaccination as a potential BP trigger. Clinicians should maintain vigilance in diagnosing and managing this rare but significant complication. Further research is needed to elucidate the immunopathogenesis and establish guidelines for vaccination in high-risk individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":"19 ","pages":"605152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13094766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IL-36 Receptor Antagonist Spesolimab for Generalized Pustular Psoriasis Combined with Palmoplantar Pustulosis: A Case Report.","authors":"Hongyan Tan, Yu Zhang, Bin Zhang, Juan Wang, Zhong Zhang, Jizhen Zhong, Xiao Qiu, Xiangyu Hu, Ling Tang","doi":"10.2147/CCID.S568455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S568455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We have entered the era of using biologics and small-molecule targeted drugs to treat diseases. Although there have been many reports on the use of the anti-interleukin-36 (IL-36) receptor antagonist spesolimab for the treatment of generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) recently, the clinical application of spesolimab for the treatment of GPP combined with PPP (palmoplantar pustulosis) is rarely reported, and there is a lack of evidence on the safety and efficacy of the spesolimab.The clinical application of spesolimab for GPP combined with palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is rarely reported, and evidence on its safety and efficacy remains insufficient. We aimed to explore the use of spesolimab for GPP combined with PPP and observed significant efficacy without obvious side effects, thereby providing new ideas for the clinical treatment of GPP combined with PPP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reported a case of GPP combined with PPP treated with spesolimab, which achieved significant therapeutic effects without significant side effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This case report shows that spesolimab has good clinical efficacy in treating GPP combined with PPP. In this case, the presence of PPP may have delayed the rapid and complete clearance of the skin lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Spesolimab provides a new treatment option for patients with GPP combined with PPP.</p>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":"19 ","pages":"568455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13094757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Myrtus communis</i> Leaf Extract Modulates IL-1α and VEGF Gene Expressions in HaCaT Cells: Probable Implications for Its Beneficial Effects in Hair Loss and Wound Healing.","authors":"Erkin Pekmezci, Murat Türkoğlu","doi":"10.2147/CCID.S588734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S588734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong><i>Myrtus communis</i> L. (<i>M. communis</i>) is an aromatic evergreen perennial plant, which is native to Mediterranean region and West Asia, has been used in numerous diseases including some disorders of skin in traditional medicine. This study investigates the modulatory effects of <i>M. communis</i> leaf extract on IL-1α and VEGF gene expressions in human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells), considering the beneficial outcomes of this plant in hair loss and wound healing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After preparing the <i>M. communis</i> leaf extract, implementing the phytochemical analysis and determining the non-cytotoxic concentration, we incubated HaCaT cells with the extract. RNA isolations were made from both incubated and unincubated cell groups. Gene expressions were performed by real time RT-qPCR analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In phytochemical analysis, <i>M. communis</i> leaf extract was found to contain 1255 ppm total phenolic substance. Results of gene expression analyses were defined as Target/Control Fold Change, and the extract yielded statistically significant downregulation of IL-1α (p = 0.0014) and upregulation of VEGF (p = 0.0021) in the incubated HaCaT cells, compared to unincubated control cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These preliminary results, which show <i>M. communis</i> leaf extract can modulate the gene expressions of IL-1α and VEGF, may partially be related with the healing effects of this plant for both non-cicatricial hair loss and chronic cutaneous wounds, reported in traditional medicine. Further, in-vitro and in-vivo experiments are needed to understand the mechanisms of the healing effects of <i>M. communis.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":"19 ","pages":"588734"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13096821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fermented Plant-Derived Phytoconstituents in Biocosmetics: Pharmacological Enhancements and Applications.","authors":"Suhaera Suhaera, Suci Fitriani Sammulia, Deshanda Kurniawan Prayoga, Zelika Mega Ramadhania, Soraya Ratnawulan Mita, Adryan Fristiohady, Tiana Milanda","doi":"10.2147/CCID.S602919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S602919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The application of plant-derived extracts in dermatological and cosmeceutical formulations is often limited by poor bioavailability, low skin permeability, and the instability of bioactive compounds. Fermentation has emerged as a promising biotechnological approach to enhance phytochemical composition and biological activity through microbial biotransformation. This review aims to critically evaluate the effects of fermentation on plant-derived phytoconstituents and their relevance in cosmeceutical dermatology. A structured literature search was conducted using Scopus and PubMed databases for studies published between 2015 and 2025. A total of 32 records were initially identified. After screening titles and abstracts, 19 articles were assessed for full-text eligibility. Following full-text evaluation, 5 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. The findings indicate that fermentation modifies phytochemical profiles, by converting glycosides into more bioactive aglycones resulting in improved skin permeability and biological activity. Fermented extracts demonstrate enhanced antioxidant capacity, increased tyrosinase inhibition, and improved photoprotective effects compared to non-fermented counterparts. Mechanistically, these effects were associated with modulation of oxidative stress pathways and inflammatory mediators, including upregulation of SOD and CAT and suppression of IL-6 and TNF-α. However, the available evidence is predominantly limited to in vitro studies, with variability in fermentation conditions and microbial systems. This review provides an integrated and critical perspective linking biochemical transformation, skin permeability, and dermatological relevance. Future research should prioritize standardization and clinical validation to support translational application.</p>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":"19 ","pages":"602919"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dermoscopic Evaluation of Mild-to-Moderate Acne Vulgaris: A Correlation Analysis with Clinical Severity Scales.","authors":"Lanfang Zhang, Lin Li, Hongxia She, Yang Huang, Qi Xiong, Jie Hu, Changsha Jia, Wen Yan, Ni Zeng","doi":"10.2147/CCID.S578494","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CCID.S578494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit. Accurate and objective assessment of inflammatory activity remains a challenge in clinical practice. Dermoscopy, as a noninvasive imaging technique, enables visualization of vascular and color changes associated with inflammation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 40 patients with mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris were enrolled, and 80 dermoscopic images were obtained. Background color, vascular morphology, vascular distribution, and perifollicular yellow halo were analyzed and compared between severity grades (mild vs. moderate) and among lesion types (comedonal, papular, pustular).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the mild group, a light-red background predominated (41.7%), whereas red and dark-red backgrounds were more common in the moderate group (both 38.6%), with a significant difference (<i>χ²</i> = 10.13, <i>P</i> = 0.006). Vascular morphology suggested a trend toward transition from dotted to branched forms with increasing inflammation, although this did not reach statistical significance (<i>P</i> > 0.05). By lesion type, comedonal lesions mainly displayed light-red backgrounds with dotted vessels, while papular and pustular lesions exhibited red-to-dark-red backgrounds with branched or atypical vessels (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Progressive deepening of background color and transformation of vascular morphology on dermoscopy are associated with increasing inflammatory activity in acne vulgaris. Quantitative evaluation of these dermoscopic parameters may contribute to preliminary objective severity grading and therapeutic monitoring. Dermoscopy may represent a potentially valuable, noninvasive imaging modality for assessing inflammatory activity in acne.</p>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":"19 ","pages":"578494"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147728833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the Causal Effects of Blood-Related Phenotypes in Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids: A Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Fang Zhou, Gao Zeng","doi":"10.2147/CCID.S593178","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CCID.S593178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertrophic scars (HS) and keloids are pathological outcomes of aberrant wound healing. Their association with systemic physiological factors remains unclear. Mendelian randomization (MR) uses genetic variants as instrumental variables (IVs) to infer causality, minimizing confounding factors.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we aim to investigate the causal effects of blood-related phenotypes, including blood cell counts, blood pressure, lipids, and glucose, on the risk of HS and keloids using a two-sample MR method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Genetic instruments for exposures were obtained from publicly available GWAS summary statistics, while outcome data were sourced from the FinnGen database and GWAS Catalog. The IVs were selected based on genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10^-8) and clumped for independence (r² < 0.001, window = 10,000 kb), with F-statistic > 10 and minor allele frequency > 0.01 applied to minimize weak instrument bias. Causal estimates were primarily derived using the inverse variance weighted method, supplemented by comprehensive sensitivity analyses including heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and reverse causality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genetically predicted higher leukocyte (OR: 1.175, 95% CI: 1.049-1.315, P = 0.005) and neutrophil counts (OR: 1.177, 95% CI: 1.040-1.332, P = 0.010) were causally associated with increased keloid risk. Conversely, lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) (OR: 0.709, 95% CI: 0.537-0.938, P = 0.016) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (OR: 0.732, 95% CI: 0.565-0.949, P = 0.018) were causally linked to higher HS risk, and lower SBP (OR: 0.760, 95% CI: 0.622-0.928, P = 0.007) was associated with increased keloid risk. No causal relationships were found for other blood cells, lipids, or glucose with either scar type. Sensitivity analyses did not indicate substantial heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy, supporting the robustness of the main findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests the causal effects of blood-related phenotypes in HS and keloids by using an MR method. Our results offer novel etiological insights and a potential perspective for scar-related intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":"19 ","pages":"593178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13091637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Feasibility of Compound Glycyrrhizin-Based Combination Therapy for Coexisting Facial Vitiligo and Melasma: A Real-World Retrospective Study.","authors":"Zhengzhou Shi, Yijian Zhu, Qianqian Wang, Li Zhang, Suqing Liu, Min Jiang, Leihong Xiang","doi":"10.2147/CCID.S586951","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CCID.S586951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The coexistence of vitiligo and melasma poses a therapeutic challenge, as interventions for one condition may adversely affect the other. Compound glycyrrhizin (CG), an immunomodulatory agent widely used in vitiligo management in China, has been explored in combination treatment strategies. However, data on its use in patients concurrently affected by melasma are limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis included 29 adults with facial non-segmental vitiligo and coexisting melasma who received oral CG for 12 months, in combination with topical tacrolimus and phototherapy using melasma shielding. Clinical parameters were evaluated using the Facial Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (F-VASI) and Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI), along with standardized facial photography and serum chemokine profiling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 29 patients who underwent combination therapy, the mean baseline F-VASI was 0.99 ± 0.65, which decreased by 54.93% ± 19.99% over 12 months. Initial repigmentation was observed at a mean of 4.17 ± 1.26 months. Melasma severity remained largely stable throughout the treatment period (baseline MASI 16.51 ± 7.31 vs 15.97 ± 7.02 post-treatment). In parallel, serum CXCL10 and CCL20 levels showed a downward trend over time, coinciding with clinical improvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this retrospective real-world cohort, facial vitiligo improved during 12 months of CG-based combination therapy without apparent worsening of coexisting melasma. The regimen was well tolerated, with no severe adverse events. Controlled studies are needed to confirm efficacy and clarify the independent role of CG.</p>","PeriodicalId":10447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","volume":"19 ","pages":"586951"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13089472/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}