Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"A Scoping Review on the Accuracy of Fit of Removable Partial Dentures in a Developing Digital Context.","authors":"Noor Al Mortadi,&nbsp;Karem H Alzoubi,&nbsp;Robert Williams","doi":"10.2147/CCIDE.S282300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CCIDE.S282300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this paper is to evaluate studies on the quality of fit of alloy removable-partial-dentures (RPDs) produced by computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) and rapid prototyping (RP) technology. This paper offers a comprehensive scoping review of various methods of assessing the quality of fit of RPDs in the context of a developing digital approach to manufacturing and assessment.</p><p><strong>Methodology/approach: </strong>A search was made using MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct to identify the studies of the accuracy of fit of RPDs.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Optical and physical examination of dentures \"in situ\" on the model or in the patient's oral cavity were the most commonly used methods for the assessment of fit of RPDs. Eighteen of the included studies assessed the internal fit between RPDs and oral tissues or models using either polyvinyl silicone materials as filler, calipers, photographs, and microscopes or a combination of these. Two studies used visual assessment. Most studies reported that the fit of RPDs ranged from satisfactory to excellent. However, many of these assessments seemed somewhat subjective and flawed with regard to assessing indentations of the framework into a model or distortion. Two papers used a new method of computer-based superimposition which included a color map of discrepancies to assess the fit of the machine-produced RPDs offering possibilities to quantify the assessment of fit, perhaps leading to a more objective assessment. Despite the limited number of clinical trials, the available evidence was thought to reinforce the claim that the fit of RPDs fabricated digitally was acceptable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The recent introduction of color maps to compare the differences between the fitting surface and the model is promising. However, a new method for displaying discrepancies shown by color maps is introduced, which could lead to a more quantitative assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10445,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"551-562"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/CCIDE.S282300","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38647834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception of Altered Smile Esthetics by Orthodontists, Dentists, and Laypeople in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Arwa Ahmed Aldeeri,&nbsp;Khaled Abdullah Alhababi,&nbsp;Fahad Abdullah Algahtani,&nbsp;Abrar Abdullah Tounsi,&nbsp;Khalid Ibrahim Albadr","doi":"10.2147/CCIDE.S272226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CCIDE.S272226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mini-esthetics is an important concept in orthodontics concerned with relatedness of dentition to the face.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We compared the perception of altered smile esthetics between orthodontists, dentists, and laypeople in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A total of 216 participants (orthodontists, dentists, and laypeople) were conveniently surveyed. An image representing the ideal smile was altered in terms of buccal corridor, gingival display, and midline diastema. Using Likert scale, participants were asked to rate the attractiveness of the altered images.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The three surveyed groups preferred wide rather than narrow buccal corridors. Also, as the amount of gingival display and midline diastema increased, the smile was rated less attractive. Age of participants was significantly associated with more precise recognition of gingival display and midline diastema, <i>P</i><0.05 and <i>P</i><0.001, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The concept of an ideal smile holds true across the heterogenous groups we studied despite gender and professional background.</p>","PeriodicalId":10445,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"563-570"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/CCIDE.S272226","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38653496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Some Salivary Characteristics in Iraqi Children with Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and Children without Early Childhood Caries.","authors":"Maha Jamal Abbas,&nbsp;Haraa Khairi Al-Hadithi,&nbsp;Maha Abdul-Kareem Mahmood,&nbsp;Hashim Mueen Hussein","doi":"10.2147/CCIDE.S275963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CCIDE.S275963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a unique form of caries that develops in temporary dentition. It has a multifactorial infectious disease. Saliva is one of the most important factors, which has an important protective effect against tooth decay when its multiple characteristics and functions are normal. The study aimed to compare some salivary characteristics in children with ECC and children without ECC.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Case-control, cross-sectional observational study. The 77 pre-schoolers aged 37 to 72 months (12 with ECC, 26 with ECC-S, and 39 without ECC) examined and we collected the stimulated saliva. The pH microelectrode was used to determine pH and buffer capacity; a formula that involves volume, collection time, and specific saliva weight was used to test the salivary flow rate. The potentiometric and phosphate methods were used to determine fluoride through spectrophotometric, colorimetric absorption techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results got to show that there are no statistically significant differences in pH, buffer capacity, salivary flow rate, and levels of fluoride and phosphate, in children with ECC, ECC-S, and without ECC. The risk factors, such as mother's education, bottle use, brushing frequency, and previous dental care of the child are more important at the time of developing ECC than some salivary variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The risk factors, such as mother's education, bottle use, brushing frequency, and previous dental care of the child are more important at the time of developing ECC than some salivary variables such as pH, buffer capacity, salivary flow rate, and levels of fluoride and phosphate.</p>","PeriodicalId":10445,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"541-550"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/CCIDE.S275963","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38738889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Health Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Among University Students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Nada J Farsi,&nbsp;Yasser Merdad,&nbsp;Mohammed Mirdad,&nbsp;Omar Batweel,&nbsp;Rawan Badri,&nbsp;Hind Alrefai,&nbsp;Sultanah Alshahrani,&nbsp;Rawan Tayeb,&nbsp;Jamila Farsi","doi":"10.2147/CCIDE.S272986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CCIDE.S272986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among a sample of senior students at King Abdulaziz University (KAU), and to assess differences among these factors between genders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1177 senior university students at KAU were included in this cross-sectional study. Participants were selected by stratified random sampling. KAU has three main streams categorized by field of study. One faculty was randomly selected from each stream. Information regarding oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors was collected with a validated self-administered questionnaire. A knowledge score was calculated, and predictors of oral health knowledge were assessed by linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In general, the mean oral health knowledge score of females (8.1 ± 1.8) was significantly higher than that of males (7.2 ± 2.1) out of 13. Relative to males, females reported a greater frequency of teeth cleaning and of using a toothbrush with proper technique (p < 0.001). Females were also more likely to have ever visited a dentist than males (95% and 86%, respectively). The linear regression model revealed that students in non-medical faculties and those who were not shown how to brush their teeth by a dentist had lower oral health knowledge scores, than their counterparts. Students older than 22 years and females were more likely to have higher oral health knowledge scores than were their counterparts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Oral health knowledge was relatively low among the university students, but females showed better oral health knowledge and behaviors than males did.</p>","PeriodicalId":10445,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"515-523"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/CCIDE.S272986","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38738886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence of Tooth Wear in an Adult Population from the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Khalifa S Al-Khalifa","doi":"10.2147/CCIDE.S286500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CCIDE.S286500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the prevalence of tooth wear in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia in an adult population and to identify potential contributing factors, such as sociodemographic factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included adults between 18 and 40 years, seeking routine dental care. A clinical examination using the tooth wear index (TWI) was performed. Each tooth was given a TWI score, followed by classifying participants according to different risk levels. This was followed by a self-administered questionnaire on demographic information and oral hygiene habits. Statistical analyses included univariate, bivariate, as well as multivariate to assess the risk of tooth wear in relation to possible risk factors. The tests used were odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and p-values < 0.05 to be statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of tooth wear and dentin exposure was 83.5% and 58.8%, respectively, with the mean affected teeth of 1.3 ± 0.6 and 0.2 ± 0.2. Both gender and education level were significantly associated with tooth wear at bivariate and multivariate levels (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of tooth wear among sampled adults in this study was high. There was a clear difference in rates of tooth wear for gender and education level. Early identification and prevention of tooth wear will help reduce signs and symptoms in later stages of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":10445,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"525-531"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8a/4e/ccide-12-525.PMC7680120.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38738887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Perception and Viewpoints of Dental Radiograph Prescriptions and Dentists' Safety Protection Practice.","authors":"Wafa Al Faleh,&nbsp;Azizah Bin Mubayrik,&nbsp;Sarah Al Dosary,&nbsp;Haifa Almthen,&nbsp;Razan Almatrafi","doi":"10.2147/CCIDE.S281851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CCIDE.S281851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The exposure of patients to ionizing radiation used in dentistry comes with a subtle risk of a stochastic effect, but there is tremendous benefit obtained from radiographic investigation for diagnosis, management, and monitoring of the treatment offered.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess the viewpoint of the population concerning the prescriptions and practices in dentistry associated with dental radiographs and the safe use of ionizing radiation in dental clinics.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Validated and pretested structured self-administered questionnaires with 11 items were used. An electronic version of the questionnaire was created using Google Forms and distributed online through social media outlets. A total of 437 patients completed the questionnaire which contains questions about their demographic data and their perception of the practice of dentistry regarding hazard from dental radiographs. The collected data were analyzed statistically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Up to 88.6% of the study participants underwent dental radiography for various dental treatments. A majority of them relied on the dentist for the type of requested radiograph, 40% of them reported that dentist never explained the hazards associated with radiography. More than half of the participants (55%) never or hardly ever asked about safety measures before undergoing radiography. Most of the participants approved of radiography and never refrained.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a spectrum of perceptions by the population. Continuous patient education is recommended to enhance awareness regarding this matter. Community perception assists in correcting wrong beliefs and ensuring improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":10445,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"533-539"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/CCIDE.S281851","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38738888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography to Determine the Prevalence of the Second Mesiobuccal Canal in Maxillary First Molar Teeth in a Sample of an Iraqi Population.","authors":"Aqeel Al-Saedi,&nbsp;Bahaa Al-Bakhakh,&nbsp;Riad G Al-Taee","doi":"10.2147/CCIDE.S281159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CCIDE.S281159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to determine the prevalence of the second mesiobuccal canal in maxillary first molar teeth in a sample of population from Basrah city in the south of Iraq.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 353 Iraqi patients from Basrah city were included in the study. These images revealed 691 maxillary first molars, but only 655 of them were included. The images were obtained using a Gendex (GXDP-7000) CBCT machine (Hatfield, PA, USA) and studied for the prevalence of second mesiobuccal canal in the mesiobuccal root canal configuration, according to Vertucci's classification, by scrolling through the images. Pearson's chi-square tests were used to correlate canal type distribution to gender and age. The distributions of canal type on the right and left sides were assessed using the Kendal tau correlation coefficient. A P-value <0.001 was considered highly significant. For intra-examiner reliability analysis, Cohen's kappa test was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The second mesiobuccal canal was identified in 81.68% of the Iraqi population sample. The most common type was type II (44.58%), followed by type IV (31.30%). Type I occurred in 18.32% of cases. Other types were less frequent.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The second mesiobuccal canal occurred in most of the examined samples of the Iraqi population (81.68%), with the most common type being type II, followed by type IV.</p>","PeriodicalId":10445,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"505-514"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/CCIDE.S281159","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38738885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distal Extension Denture - Case Report and Overview.","authors":"Conson Yeung,&nbsp;Katherine Chiu Man Leung,&nbsp;Ollie Yiru Yu,&nbsp;Walter Yu Hang Lam,&nbsp;Amy Wai Yee Wong,&nbsp;Chun Hung Chu","doi":"10.2147/CCIDE.S276717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CCIDE.S276717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Replacing missing teeth distal to the last standing teeth with removable partial dentures poses considerable challenge to dentists. However, the insertion of implants turns a free-end saddle into a bounded saddle. Still, patients may not be able to accept implant insertions due to financial reasons, systemic medical conditions, local anatomical factors or complicated treatments involving surgery. Hence, patients with missing teeth often prefer to use removable partial dentures to improve their dental aesthetics and to restore their oral function. In this article, we use a clinical case to illustrate the clinical procedures required for the fabrication of a distal extension denture with good retention, support, stability, aesthetics and masticatory function. We also review the design for a clasp assembly on the abutment adjacent to the distal edentulous ridge.</p>","PeriodicalId":10445,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"493-503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/CCIDE.S276717","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38623087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodontal Disease Status and Associated Risk Factors in Patients Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Amare Tefera, Biruk Bekele","doi":"10.2147/CCIDE.S282727","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CCIDE.S282727","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose Information on periodontal disease and its predictors in sub-Saharan Africa is sparse. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of periodontal disease and assess the relationship with associated factors in patients who attended the University of Gondar comprehensive hospital. Patients and Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 1, 2019, to March 10, 2020, at the University of Gondar comprehensive Hospital. Participants were recruited with a systematic random sampling technique, and interviewed for sociodemographic and medical information through a structured questionnaire. Two examiners evaluated the periodontal status of the study participants using the community periodontal index (CPI). Results Four hundred twenty participants were involved in the study. The mean age of the study participants was 29.87 (±7. 76). The majority of the study participants had a habit of tooth brushing (72.1%) and almost half of them did not have a fixed time to brush their teeth. Periodontal change (CPI>0) was noted in 42.4% of the participants and among that 21.7% had shallow pocket (pocket depth of 4–5 mm) and 5.95% had a deep periodontal pocket (≥6 mm). The prevalence was higher in 20–34 years (57.3%), females (58.98%), monthly income of <2500 ETB (82.02%), and frequent carbohydrate intakes (65.17%). Age (AOR=9.61, 95% CI: 6.42, 13.04), gender (AOR=2.00, 95% CI: 136, 2.97), educational status (AOR=3.25), residency (AOR= 1.66), monthly income (AOR=2.13), oral hygiene habit (AOR=4.85) and systemic disease (AOR=1.96) were significantly associated with periodontitis. Conclusion In the present study, 42.4% of the study participants encountered periodontal disease. The study confirmed that various sociodemographic risk factors/indicators are associated with an increased risk of periodontitis.","PeriodicalId":10445,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"485-492"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f5/7a/ccide-12-485.PMC7666975.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38613954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Lingual Arch Form in Dental Students of Nepal with Normal Occlusion.","authors":"Dashrath Kafle,&nbsp;Vasant Devagiri,&nbsp;Prabhat Kumar Chaudhari,&nbsp;Rajeev Kumar Mishra","doi":"10.2147/CCIDE.S268139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CCIDE.S268139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objectives of this study were to describe and classify lingual arch form in dental students with normal occlusion and explore the possibility to provide a lingual arch form template for Nepalese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The occlusion and arch form of 220 undergraduate dental students were analyzed and thirty-three subjects (14 males, 19 females) fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected for the study. Reference points were drawn on the lingual surfaces of the teeth of study model using an indelible marker. A transparent ruled grid was used to obtain x and y coordinate values of the reference point. Following distances were measured with a digital caliper: inter-canine width, inter-molar width, inter-second molar width, canine depth, first molar depth, and second molar depth. Two-step cluster analysis was used to further classify the arch. The mean reference point values of each cluster were entered into the software (CurveExpert 1.4, Hymas developers). The curve finder tool of the software was used to obtain the curve which best described the arch forms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two-step cluster analysis identified two distinguished clusters of lingual arch forms. Tenth degree polynomial was chosen as the best possible fit for lingual arch forms by using Curvefinder tool of the software CurveExpert 1.4.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Two types of anatomical lingual arch forms derived from Nepalese dental students with normal occlusion have been described and templates for the same have been generated.</p>","PeriodicalId":10445,"journal":{"name":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"477-483"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/CCIDE.S268139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38603501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}