Clinical Microbiology and Infection最新文献

{"title":"Pitfalls in generating robust malaria molecular evidence for SP-resistance.","authors":"Nimita Deora, Abhinav Sinha","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.09.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.09.026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"291-292"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventions targeting the nasal microbiome to eradicate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureus.","authors":"Mary T Bessesen","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.10.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.10.022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen in many sites, including the bloodstream, skin and soft tissue, bone and joints. When infection is caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), therapy is more difficult and outcomes are less favourable. Nasal colonization is associated with increased risk for MRSA infections. The nasal microbiome may play a role in risk for nasal colonization and infection.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To review the role of the microbiome in MRSA nasal colonization and infection.</p><p><strong>Sources: </strong>Peer-reviewed literature identified in a MEDLINE search using MRSA, S. aureus, prebiotic and microbiota as search terms.</p><p><strong>Content: </strong>Reduction of S. aureus nasal colonization has been shown to reduce risk of S. aureus infections, but decolonization methods are imperfect. The role of the nasal microbiome in host defence against S. aureus colonization and infection is explored. Numerous organisms have been shown to be negatively associated with S. aureus colonization. The antimicrobial molecules produced by these organisms are an active area of research.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Future research should focus on development of safe and effective molecules that can inhibit S. aureus in the nasal vestibule. Damage to the diverse nasal microbiota by unnecessary antibiotics should be avoided.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"190-193"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142557319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agreement between Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen-based skin test and interferon-gamma release assay in elderly individuals aged ≥65 years in China.","authors":"Yijun He, Lingyu Shen, Jiang Du, Xuefang Cao, Bin Zhang, Dakuan Wang, Boxuan Feng, Zihan Li, Yuanzhi Di, Juanjuan Huang, Tonglei Guo, Jianguo Liang, Jiaoxia Yan, Zisen Liu, Qi Jin, Weitao Duan, Henan Xin, Lei Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.10.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.10.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the agreement of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) antigen-based skin test (TBST) with interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) in the elderly individuals aged ≥65 years beyond instruction for use in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on the baseline survey of a randomized controlled trial with the objective of exploring suitable regimens for tuberculosis(TB) preventive treatment, MTB infection was tested using TBST and IGRA in parallel in rural residents aged 50-70 years using a cross-sectional study design.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 21 219 participants with both TBST and IGRA results were included in this analysis. The concordance between TBST and IGRA was 89.4% (95% CI, 89.0-89.8%) with a kappa coefficient of 0.61 (95% CI, 0.60-0.62). In those aged ≥65 years, the concordance was 86.5% (95% CI, 85.6-87.4%) with a kappa coefficient of 0.55 (95% CI, 0.52-0.58). 21.2% (35/165) of the participants with indeterminate IGRA results were TBST positive, and nine of them were aged ≥65 years.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The consistent agreement between TBST and IGRA in individuals aged ≥65 years suggests that TBST has the potential to be used in the elderly with age beyond instruction for use in China. The respective diagnostic performance of each test will be analysed when the longitudinal data on incident TB is obtained in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"290.e1-290.e3"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus outbreaks in areas of low prevalence.","authors":"Katherine L Bellis, Oshani M Dissanayake, Ewan M Harrison, Dinesh Aggarwal","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community-acquired (CA), community-onset methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CO-MRSA) infection presents a significant public health challenge, even where MRSA rates are historically lower. Despite successes in reducing hospital-onset MRSA, CO-MRSA rates are increasing globally, with a need to understand this trend, and the potential risk factors for re-emergence.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This review aims to explore the characteristics of outbreaks of community-acquired community-onset methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in low-prevalence areas, to understand the factors involved in its rise, and to translate this knowledge into public health policy and further research needs.</p><p><strong>Sources: </strong>PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were searched using combinations of the terms 'transmission', 'acquisition', 'community-acquired', 'MRSA', 'CA-MRSA', 'low prevalence', 'genomic', 'outbreak', 'colonisation', and 'carriage'. Wherever evidence was limited, additional articles were sought specifically, via PubMed searches. Papers where materials were not available in English were excluded.</p><p><strong>Content: </strong>Challenges in defining low-prevalence areas and the significance of exposure to various risk factors for community acquisition, such as healthcare settings, travel, livestock, and environmental factors, are discussed. The importance of genomic surveillance in identifying outbreak strains and understanding the transmission dynamics is highlighted, along with the need for robust public health policies and control measures.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>The findings emphasise the complexity of CO-MRSA transmission and the necessity of a multifaceted approach in low-prevalence areas. This includes integrated and systematic surveillance of hospital-onset-, CO-, and livestock-associated MRSA, as has been effective in some Northern European countries. The evolution of CO-MRSA underscores the need for global collaboration, routine genomic surveillance, and comprehensive antimicrobial stewardship to mitigate the rise of CO-MRSA and address the broader challenge of antimicrobial resistance. These efforts are crucial for maintaining low MRSA prevalence and managing the increasing burden of CO-MRSA in both low and higher prevalence regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"182-189"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141426498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case-fatality rate of invasive pneumococcal disease caused by various serotypes-an analysis of nationwide surveillance data from Israel, 2009-2018.","authors":"Anat Wieder-Finesod, Dafna Yahav, Carmit Rubin, Shirley Hashkor, Jo Southern, Gabriel Mircus, Christian Theilacker, Ron Dagan, Gili Regev-Yochay","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.11.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.11.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) has been introduced in Israel. Its public health benefit depends on its effect on mortality caused by PCV20 serotypes not present in 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) (PCV20non13). We aimed to describe invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) characteristics and case-fatality rate (CFR) among adults by serotypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed data from the Israeli nationwide surveillance database of IPD in adults, 2009-2018. The primary outcome was in-hospital CFR within 30 days, focusing on specific serotypes. Adjusted ORs (aORs) for association between PCV20non13 serotypes and mortality were calculated using logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 3864 IPD episodes were reported, 3733 (96.6%) with known serotype, 54% (1705/3123) were in men; 54% (1997/3733) were aged ≥65 years. PCV13-IPD cases constituted 40% of all IPD and decreased during the study years. PCV20non13 and nonPCV20 serotypes constituted 26% and 34% of cases, respectively, and increased over time. The most frequent non-PCV13 serotypes detected were PCV20non13 serotypes 8 (8%), 12F (7.2%), 22F (3%), and nonPCV20 serotype 16F (5%). In-hospital CFR was 22% (698/3140). CFR for PCV13 serotype was 21.1% (265/1255); for PCV20non13, it was 16.2% (124/766); and for nonPCV20, it was 28.5% (289/1014). Among PCV20non13 serotypes compared with PCV13 serotypes, 11A was associated with higher CFR (41%, aOR 3.1, 95% CI: 1.64-5.83), whereas serotype 8 was associated with lower CFR (8%, aOR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3-0.8).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>PCV20non13 serotypes constituted 26% of all adult IPD in the post-PCV13 era. CFR from PCV20non13 serotype IPD was comparable with that from PCV13 serotypes. These data support the potential added benefit of PCV20 in reducing mortality from IPD, though mortality remains substantial from nonPCV20 serotypes. Future IPD-related mortality will depend on the evolution of serotype distribution over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"226-232"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re: Quantifying the long-term effects of measles infection by Dor et al.","authors":"Lingyu Xu, Yan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.08.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.08.026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"302"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142104997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing antibiotic use in pets: insight into pet owners' knowledge and personal antibiotic use suggests a benefit of cross-sectoral education to combat inappropriate antimicrobial use.","authors":"Angela Chow, Seema K Aithal, Huiling Guo, Timothy Chua, Boon Han Teo, Zoe Jane-Lara Hildon","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"293-295"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of extended infusion of β-lactam antibiotics for the treatment of febrile neutropenia in haematologic patients (BEATLE): a randomized, multicentre, open-label, superiority clinical trial.","authors":"Julia Laporte-Amargos, Francisco Carmona-Torre, Maria Huguet, Pedro Puerta-Alcalde, Raul Rigo-Bonnin, Marta Ulldemolins, Montserrat Arnan, Jose Luis Del Pozo, Anna Torrent, Carolina Garcia-Vidal, Natàlia Pallarès, Cristian Tebé, Carme Muñoz, Fe Tubau, Ariadna Padullés, Ana-Maria Sureda, Jordi Carratalà, Carlota Gudiol","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The efficacy of extended infusions (EI) of β-lactam antibiotics for optimising outcomes in febrile neutropenia is unclear. We assessed whether the administration of β-lactams was more effective in EI than in intermittent infusion (II) for the treatment of febrile neutropenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a randomized, open-label, superiority clinical trial of patients with febrile neutropenia at four Spanish university hospitals. Patients undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation or with acute leukaemia receiving chemotherapy who required empirical antibiotic treatment for febrile neutropenia were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive EI of β-lactam or II after a first dose in bolus. The choice of antipseudomonal β-lactam was left to the discretion of the attending physician. The primary endpoint was treatment success at day 5, defined as defervescence without modifying the antibiotic treatment. Secondary endpoints included adverse events, attainment of the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target of 50%, 75%, and 100%ƒ_uT _> MIC, and 30-day mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From November 19, 2019 to June 22, 2022, 295 patients were screened for eligibility, of whom 150 were randomly assigned to receive EI (n = 77) or II (n = 73) of the antipseudomonal β-lactam of choice. In the intention-to-treat analysis, treatment success at day 5 was achieved in 39/77 patients (50.6%) receiving EI versus 46/73 patients (63.0%) receiving II (risk difference, -12.4%; 95% CI, -29.4 to 4.7; p 0.17). The pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic targets of 75% and 100% ƒ_uT _> MIC for empirical treatment were achieved more frequently in the EI group. No statistically significant differences were found between groups in terms of adverse events or 30-day mortality.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings do not support the routine use of empirical EI of β-lactams in febrile neutropenia. Further studies should consider the clinical heterogeneity of febrile neutropenia and focus on patients with sepsis or septic shock and microbiologically documented infections, particularly those with infections caused by microorganisms less susceptible to β-lactams.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"211-219"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reassessing paediatric risk in the Mpox era.","authors":"Jaime David Acosta-España, Ángeles Costta, Jenny Belén Altamirano-Jara, Andrés Herrera-Yela, D Katterine Bonilla-Aldana, Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"157-160"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re: 'How to manage adult patients with malaria in the non-endemic setting' by Antinori et al.","authors":"Nicolas Dauby, Charlotte Martin","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.08.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2024.08.023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"298-299"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142104996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}