Clinical Microbiology and Infection最新文献

{"title":"Large language models for antibiotic prescribing—moving the needle from ‘parlour trick’ to practical tool","authors":"Katherine E. Goodman , Pranita D. Tamma","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.05.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.05.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":"31 8","pages":"Pages 1260-1262"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Safety of pertussis vaccination in pregnancy and effectiveness in infants': Author's reply.","authors":"Helene Kildegaard, Lone Graff Stensballe","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.05.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.05.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144101420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting diagnostics: implementing Mucorales PCR on blood for early and accurate detection of mucormycosis in high-risk patients.","authors":"Jochem B Buil, Eelco F J Meijer, Eric Dannaoui, Martin Hoenigl, Katrien Lagrou, Laurence Millon","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.05.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Difficult-to-treat resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections: the perfect storm.","authors":"Inmaculada López Montesinos","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection: an open call for editorial fellows, 2026–2027","authors":"Leonard Leibovici","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":"31 8","pages":"Pages 1239-1240"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A plague like no other: beyond the buboes in Thucydides' account of the Plague of Athens.","authors":"Pere Domingo, Paula Prieto, Lluis Pons","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Athens Plague (430-427 BCE) was a devastating outbreak during the Peloponnesian War, described in detail by Thucydides. Although there is ongoing discussion, the specific cause of the epidemic remains undetermined.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This review re-examines the Athenian Plague through historical and microbiological lenses, reassessing diagnostic hypotheses and proposing the plausibility of an ancient pneumonic strain of Yersinia pestis.</p><p><strong>Sources: </strong>We analysed Thucydides' original account alongside interdisciplinary literature from classical studies, paleopathology, epidemiology, and microbiology. We gathered sources from PubMed, JSTOR, Google Scholar, and the Perseus Digital Library, covering works from 1634 to 2024.</p><p><strong>Content: </strong>The clinical progression described by Thucydides-fever, conjunctivitis, bloody cough, gastrointestinal symptoms, rash, and high mortality-is compared with the presentations of typhoid fever, smallpox, epidemic typhus, measles, and plague. This review considers archaeological and paleogenomic findings, including controversial evidence of Salmonella enterica and the evolutionary history of Y. pestis. Special emphasis is placed on early strains of Y. pestis that lacked flea-borne virulence factors but may have caused pneumonic forms transmitted between humans.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>The epidemic's significant demographic, political, and social impacts highlight the broader consequences of infectious diseases in ancient history. This review emphasizes the necessity of employing a multidisciplinary approach in historical epidemiology and advocates for reassessing pneumonic plague as a likely contributor to the outbreak that occurred in Athens.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143971788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which trial do we need? Ceftriaxone vs. meropenem for infections due to AmpC-producing enterobacterales.","authors":"Eduardo Aparicio-Minguijón, Mario Fernández-Ruiz, Rafael San-Juan, José María Aguado","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herpes simplex virus and drug resistance-comprehensive update on resistance mutations and implications for clinical management: a narrative review.","authors":"Theo Dähne, Lena Jaki, Rainer Gosert, Jonas Fuchs, Andi Krumbholz, Klaudia Nägele, Mathias W Pletz, Nina Khanna, Karoline Leuzinger, Marcus Panning","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.04.046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.04.046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antiviral drug resistance in herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and 2) is a significant clinical challenge, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Drug susceptibility testing (DST) aids clinical management and can be conducted through genotypic (partial genome sequencing) or phenotypic (cell culture) methods. Both have inherent limitations: genotypic DST is limited by outdated datasets lacking information on new helicase-primase inhibitors and corresponding phenotypic data as well as sparse clinical correlations. Phenotypic DST is mainly hampered by a lack of standardization and timely results.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to compile an up-to-date and comprehensive HSV drug resistance dataset encompassing all reported drug resistance-associated mutations (DRMs), polymorphisms, and viral phenotypes. This study also aims to aggregate clinical conditions with available DST data.</p><p><strong>Sources: </strong>A PubMed search identified studies (January 2016-September 2024) on DRMs associated with resistance to aciclovir, penciclovir, brivudine, foscarnet, cidofovir, amenamevir, and pritelivir. Data from a previous HSV resistance dataset (pre-2016) were also included.</p><p><strong>Content: </strong>In this review, we summarize novel mutations in the thymidine kinase, polymerase, and helicase-primase genes of HSV conferring resistance to antiviral drugs. Clinical information was available for 513 mutations. In 90% of these (461 cases), viral phenotype and clinical assessment were congruent. However, 10% of cases not responding to antiviral therapy showed phenotypically susceptible virus isolates. We present a framework for clinical and diagnostic management of cases with drug-resistant HSV infection.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This dataset paves the way to harmonize reporting of DRMs for diagnostic labs and to accelerate genotypic DST interpretation through aggregated data. Ongoing large-scale data collection of genotypic, phenotypic, and clinical data is crucial for evidence-based management of HSV antiviral resistance and clinical guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cefazolin vs. antistaphylococcal penicillins for the treatment of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Connor Prosty ,&nbsp;Dean Noutsios ,&nbsp;Todd C. Lee ,&nbsp;Nick Daneman ,&nbsp;Joshua S. Davis ,&nbsp;Nynke G.L. Jager ,&nbsp;Nesrin Ghanem-Zoubi ,&nbsp;Anna L. Goodman ,&nbsp;Achim J. Kaasch ,&nbsp;Ilse Kouijzer ,&nbsp;Brendan J. McMullan ,&nbsp;Emily G. McDonald ,&nbsp;Steven Y.C. Tong ,&nbsp;Sean W.X. Ong ,&nbsp;Staphylococcus aureus Network Adaptive Platform MSSA/PSSA domain specific working group","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.04.045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.04.045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>There is debate on whether cefazolin or antistaphylococcal penicillins should be the first-line treatment for methicillin-susceptible <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MSSA) bacteraemia. Ongoing trials are investigating whether cefazolin is non-inferior to (flu)cloxacillin, but it remains uncertain whether these findings apply to other antistaphylococcal penicillins.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing cefazolin with each of the individual antistaphylococcal penicillins for MSSA bacteraemia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>Data sources:</em> We updated a 2019 systematic review but specifically focused on evaluating outcomes by individual antistaphylococcal penicillins.</div></div><div><h3>Study eligibility criteria</h3><div>Study eligibility criteria include comparative observational studies.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Participants include patients with MSSA bacteraemia.</div></div><div><h3>Interventions</h3><div>Interventions include cefazolin vs. the antistaphylococcal penicillins.</div></div><div><h3>Assessment of risk of bias</h3><div>Assessment of risk of bias involved the risk of bias in non-randomized studies of interventions tool.</div></div><div><h3>Methods of data synthesis</h3><div>The primary outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality and we assessed for non-inferiority of cefazolin using a pre-specified non-inferiority margin of a pooled OR &lt;1.2 using raw unadjusted data. Secondary outcomes were 90-day mortality, treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), discontinuation due to toxicity, and nephrotoxicity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No randomized data have been published. A total of 30 observational studies at moderate or high risk of bias were included, which comprised 3869 patients who received cefazolin and 11 644 patients who received antistaphylococcal penicillins (flucloxacillin = 6721, unspecified = 2440, nafcillin = 1305, cloxacillin = 1258, and oxacillin = 120). Cefazolin was associated with a reduced odds of 30-day all-cause mortality (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.62–0.85) compared with antistaphylococcal penicillins, meeting pre-specified non-inferiority. This effect was consistent vs. flucloxacillin (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.73–1.16), nafcillin (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.28–1.17), cloxacillin (OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.11–1.58), and oxacillin (OR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.03–2.75). Point estimates favoured cefazolin for 90-day mortality, TRAEs, nephrotoxicity, and discontinuation due to toxicity overall and in each comparison with individual antistaphylococcal penicillins, except for TRAEs vs. cloxacillin.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>In moderate-to low-quality observational data, cefazolin was non-inferior for mortality and potentially superior for safety as compared with antistaphylococcal penicillins overall and across most individual comparisons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":"31 8","pages":"Pages 1272-1282"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the live zoster vaccine in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide emulated target trial","authors":"Tae Hyeon Kim ,&nbsp;Kyeongmin Lee ,&nbsp;Sooji Lee ,&nbsp;Jiyeon Oh ,&nbsp;Jaeyu Park ,&nbsp;Hyesu Jo ,&nbsp;Yejun Son ,&nbsp;Soeun Kim ,&nbsp;Sang Youl Rhee ,&nbsp;Lee Smith ,&nbsp;Hanseul Cho ,&nbsp;Junyang Jung ,&nbsp;Seung Geun Yeo ,&nbsp;Hayeon Lee ,&nbsp;Dong Keon Yon","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Real-world studies on its effectiveness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the live zoster vaccine in patients with T2DM more than 10 years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this target trial emulation study, we utilized a large-scale, nationwide cohort in South Korea, consisting of individuals aged 50 years and older with T2DM from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2021 (<em>n</em> = 934 945). This cohort was integrated using health insurance data from the Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, national health screening results from the Korean National Health Insurance Service, and live zoster vaccination data from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. Vaccine effectiveness in preventing herpes zoster (HZ), postherpetic neuralgia, and hospital admissions for HZ based on International Classification of Diseases 10th edition codes was evaluated in patients with T2DM. In a propensity score-based overlap weighted cohort, Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% CIs for the effectiveness of the live zoster vaccine among patients with T2DM.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After propensity score-based overlap weighting, 253 660 patients with T2DM were included (mean age, 62.4 years [standard deviation, 2.3 years]; 138 338 males, 54.5%). Live zoster vaccination was associated with a reduced risk of HZ (aHR 0.59 [95% CI: 0.57–0.61]), postherpetic neuralgia (aHR 0.59 [95% CI: 0.57–0.61]), and hospital admissions for HZ (aHR 0.41 [95% CI: 0.36–0.47]). Vaccine effectiveness was highest within the first-year post-vaccination, with a sustained protective effect lasting up to 6 years. Furthermore, the effectiveness was greater in the non-insulin treatment group compared with the insulin treatment group.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>: Our target trial highlighted that live zoster vaccination significantly reduced the risk of HZ, postherpetic neuralgia, and hospital admissions in patients with T2DM. However, its effectiveness was attenuated in those undergoing insulin treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":"31 8","pages":"Pages 1363-1370"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}