Clinical Microbiology and Infection最新文献

{"title":"Intracranial pressure management in pneumococcal meningitis: first, do NO harm.","authors":"Matthijs C Brouwer, Diederik van de Beek","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro isolation of contemporary Treponema pallidum strains directly from clinical samples of syphilis patients.","authors":"Juraj Bosák, Matěj Hrala, Filip Skokan, Miroslav Nečas, Radim Strnadel, Eliška Vrbová, Petra Pospíšilová, Hana Jedličková, David Šmajs","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum (T. pallidum) is the etiological agent of syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease of global public health importance. The objective of this study was to introduce a novel in vitro protocol for isolation of T. pallidum directly from patients' clinical samples, eliminating the need for rabbit propagation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four oral and five genital swabs were collected from nine epidemiologically unrelated patients at two hospitals in Brno, Czech Republic. Swabs were submerged in TpCM-2 medium for transport. Then, samples were placed on a 0.4 μm filters and incubated for 2.5 hours. During this period, spiral T. pallidum cells passed through the filter pores to the well containing TpCM-2 medium and rabbit feeder cells (Sf1Ep). Stable T. pallidum cultures (containing >1 × 10⁷ treponemes) were achieved through subculturing every 7 days into fresh well.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A successful protocol for in vitro isolation of T. pallidum was established. From the nine clinical specimens processed, six T. pallidum cultures (MU1-MU6) were derived after 14-112 days of cultivation. Five of these strains (MU1-MU5) belonged to SS14-like cluster and shared the same allelic profile 1.3.1. The remaining strain (MU6) was identified as a Nichols-like strain with an allelic profile 9.16.3.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The introduced in vitro protocol enables isolation of T. pallidum from clinical material, including frozen samples, without the need for experimental rabbits. This method facilitates the isolation of contemporary, clinically relevant treponemal strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prenatal testing program among future fathers in a Paris metropolitan area maternity reveals a high proportion of undiagnosed and not linked to care chronic viral hepatitis B.","authors":"Pauline Penot, Annabel Desgrées du Loû, Valérie-Anne Letembet, Yazdan Yazdanpanah","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ESCMID 2025-2029 Pipeline of Clinical Practice Guidelines: planning ahead for a greater impact.","authors":"Luigia Scudeller","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ORCHESTRA Delphi Consensus: Clinical Management of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in People with HIV.","authors":"Alessandro Tavelli, Alessandra Vergori, Antonella Cingolani, Francesca Bai, Anna Maria Azzini, Gabriel Levy Hara, Maria Giulia Caponcello, Matteo Rinaldi, Zaira R Palacios-Baena, Milo Gatti, Gaia Maccarrone, Evelina Tacconelli, Andrea Antinori, Antonella d'Arminio Monforte","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The interaction between HIV and COVID-19 resulted in a syndemic that showed an excess burden of disease for people with HIV (PWH). Four years of the COVID-19 pandemic have raised many unsolved questions about the optimal care of COVID in PWH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a study using a 3-round Delphi methodology involving a panel of physicians with expertise in HIV and COVID-19 infections. The main aim of the study was to provide recommendations on critical clinical issues of COVID-19 among PWH and to inform physicians and policy-makers for improving care and prevention of COVID-19 in PWH. 27 questions were conceived, focusing on four main areas of interest in the management of COVID-19 in PWH; a panel of 34 experts in HIV and COVID-19 care expressed their level of agreement on each item. Questions that received agreement/disagreement ≥79.4% of panellists were identified and statements were generated accordingly.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consensus was reached on 19/27 items, resulting in 18 final statements. These statements addressed: (I) risk of COVID-19 progression to severe disease among PWH; (II) COVID-19 diagnostics and laboratory procedures; (III) early treatments with antivirals and/or monoclonal antibodies; (IV) use of corticosteroids; (V) COVID-19 preventive strategies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This consensus's study guide infectious diseases physicians in making decisions regarding care of PWH for COVID-19, where results from the scientific literature are limited or conflicting.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ORCHESTRA Delphi Consensus: diagnostic and therapeutic management of SARS-CoV-2 infection in haematological patients.","authors":"Lorenzo Maria Canziani, Anna Maria Azzini, Jon Salmanton-García, Alessia Savoldi, Maria Giulia Caponcello, Zeno Pasquini, Livio Pagano, Oliver A Cornely, Antonella Cingolani, Valentina Mazzotta, Federica Cosentino, Jesús Rodríguez Baño, Mauro Krampera, Evelina Tacconelli","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>COVID-19 poses a significant risk to individuals with haematological malignancies (HM), as they are particularly vulnerable to severe disease progression and hospitalisation due to their compromised immune systems. Many clinical decisions regarding the management of COVID-19 in these patients are yet to be fully addressed by existing guidelines, leading to variability in care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 28-item Delphi survey was developed to gather expert opinions on key areas of COVID-19 management in HM patients, including risk stratification for severe COVID-19, diagnostic processes, and treatment decisions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one experts with backgrounds in haematology and infectious diseases were enrolled. Of the 28 questions posed to the experts, consensus was reached on 15 statements.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These Delphi consensus statements offer valuable suggestions with direct implications for clinical practice, addressing critical areas such as risk identification, appropriate diagnostic approaches, and tailored treatment strategies for HM patients with COVID-19. The findings provide actionable insights that may help fill gaps in current scientific literature, enhancing patient care and decision-making in this high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'In vitro activity of cefepime-enmetazobactam on carbapenem resistant Gram negatives' - Author's reply.","authors":"Rémy A Bonnin, Katy Jeannot, Anne Santerre Henriksen, Juan Quevedo, Laurent Dortet","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging resistance mechanisms to newer β-lactams in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.","authors":"Antonio Oliver, Jorge Arca-Suárez, María A Gomis-Font, Lucía González-Pinto, Carla López-Causapé","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While the introduction of novel β-lactams and/or combinations with β-lactamase inhibitors over the last decade is helping to mitigate the threat of extensively drug-resistant (XDR)/difficult to treat resistant (DTR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, the problem is far from being solved, due to the capacity of this pathogen for developing resistance.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To provide a comprehensive analysis of the emerging/evolving resistance mechanisms to the antipseudomonal β-lactams introduced over the last decade.</p><p><strong>Sources: </strong>Literature review of published studies before December 31^st 2024 analyzing P. aeruginosa resistance mechanisms for ceftolozane/tazobactam, ceftazidime/avibactam, cefiderocol, imipenem/relebactam, meropenem/vaborbactam and/aztreonam/avibactam.</p><p><strong>Content: </strong>Among the emerging resistance mechanisms are noteworthy the mutations in the catalytic centers (mostly the Ω-loop) of AmpC, the horizontally acquired OXA-2/OXA-10 enzymes or of the class A carbapenemases (GES/KPC). These mutations typically confer ceftolozane/tazobactam and ceftazidime/avibacm resistance. They also frequently increase cefiderocol MICs, and some of them, such as the L320P AmpC mutation, affect cefiderocol specifically. However, most of these mutations confer collateral susceptibility to carbapenems. Efflux pumps are also relevant, given their capacity to extrude both, the β-lactam and their partner β-lactamase inhibitor. Moreover, beyond the classical mutational overexpression of efflux pumps, emerging resistance is driven by the selection of structural mutations leading to modified (enhanced) substrate recognition. Other emerging mechanisms include β-lactam target mutations (particularly PBP3), large genomic deletions, the activation of two-component regulators (such as ParRS or CpxRS) or the mutations in iron transport systems (such as Piu or Pir) involved in cefiderocol resistance.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>A deep understanding of emerging resistance mechanisms, including their conferred cross resistances and collateral susceptibilities, should be useful for the optimization of treatments of severe XDR/DTR P. aeruginosa infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The non-artemisinin antimalarial drugs under development: a review.","authors":"Dearie Glory Okwu, Rella Zoleko Manego, Stephan Duparc, Peter Gottfried Kremsner, Michael Ramharter, Ghyslain Mombo-Ngoma","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2022, malaria caused approximately 249 million cases and 608000 deaths, primarily in Africa. Current treatments target asexual blood-stage parasites, gametocytes, and liver hypnozoites. Standard guidelines recommend a 3-day course of artemisinin-based combination therapies as first-line treatment of uncomplicated malaria and parenteral artesunate for severe malaria. However, emergence of partial resistance to artemisinin derivatives threatens the treatment efficacy, highlighting the urgent need for novel antimalarial drugs.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This review summarizes recent progress in the clinical development of antimalarials particularly non-artemisinin compounds under target product profile (TPP)-1.</p><p><strong>Sources: </strong>Data were gathered from the medicines for malaria venture (MMV) portfolio and clinical trial databases between 2020 and 2024.</p><p><strong>Content: </strong>Sixteen clinical trials were reviewed, including safety and efficacy studies involving healthy volunteers, experimentally infected volunteers, asymptomatic P. falciparum carriers, and malaria patients. Six trials evaluated the safety and tolerability of MMV533, ZY19489, INE963, GSK701/MMV367, and intravenous KAE609 in healthy volunteers. Efficacy trials involving experimentally infected volunteers assessed ZY19489 and GSK701/MMV367, while studies on asymptomatic carriers tested ZY19489/ferroquine and cabamiquine/pyronaridine. Trials on malaria patients investigated combinations of ganaplacide/lumefantrine-SDF, cabamiquine/pyronaridine, both oral and intravenous cipargamin, and INE963.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Although attrition remains a possibility, several promising candidate drugs with novel modes of action are advancing through clinical development. Many are expected to become available for treating uncomplicated and severe malaria within the next decade. These new antimalarials could significantly enhance malaria treatment, reduce resistance, and support global health effort toward malaria control, elimination, and, potentially, eradication.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compromised access to antibiotics: addressing pediatric challenges in availability and responsible use.","authors":"Elio Castagnola","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2025.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}