Clinical Microbiology and Infection最新文献

{"title":"'Pharmacokinetics, target attainment and outcomes of piperacillin/tazobactam in critically ill patients receiving continuous infusion with therapeutic drug monitoring: a retrospective analysis' - Author's reply.","authors":"Ute Chiriac, Otto R Frey, Sebastian G Wicha, Alexander Brinkmann","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2026.10.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2026.10.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149227507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-year outcomes of long-acting injectable cabotegravir for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in Milan, Italy.","authors":"Angelo Roberto Raccagni, Riccardo Lolatto, Nicolò Capra, Elena Bruzzesi, Gabriele Loi, Matteo Di Gerardo, Rossella Puzziferri, Camilla Ferri, Antonella Castagna, Silvia Nozza","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2026.10.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2026.10.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative effectiveness of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole dosing strategies for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: a target trial emulation.","authors":"Revanth S Yendamuri, Thomas J Rust, Kyle D Brizendine, Zachary A Yetmar","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2026.10.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2026.10.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is considered first-line therapy for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP); however, dosing recommendations have remained largely unchanged since the 1970s. Current dosing may increase adverse effects without clear beneficial outcomes. This study evaluated the comparative effectiveness of high-, intermediate-, and low-dose TMP-SMX on short-term mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study emulating a target trial using Epic Cosmos of adult patients with PCP who received initial TMP-SMX treatment from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2025. Patients were categorized into high (≥15 mg/kg/day), intermediate (10-15 mg/kg/day), or low dose (≤10 mg/kg/day) groups. Outcomes including 30-day mortality, 90-day mortality, and hyperkalemia (serum potassium ≥5.5 mmol/L) were assessed using propensity score overlap-weighted Cox models with multiple imputation to estimate missing variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 4,572 patients, 2,348 (51.3%) received high-, 1,466 (32.1%) intermediate-, and 758 (16.6%) low-dose TMP-SMX. Thirty-day mortality occurred in 791 (17.3%) patients. After overlap weighting, low-dose (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.57-1.08; p=0.135) and intermediate-dose TMP-SMX (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.74-1.16; p=0.503) were not associated with mortality compared to high-dose TMP-SMX. Hyperkalemia occurred in 27.4% and was less frequent with low- (HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.46-0.78; p<0.001) but not intermediate-dose therapy (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.72-1.02; p=0.085).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TMP-SMX dose for PCP treatment was not associated with 30-day mortality after accounting for relevant clinical factors. Lower dosed TMP-SMX may be effective for PCP therapy with less hyperkalemia. Randomized trials are needed to confirm optimal PCP dosing strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerous linked cases of acute genotype F hepatitis B virus infections in people living with HIV or on pre-exposure prophylaxis.","authors":"Remi Rouget, Valentin Leducq, Sarah Maylin, Joël Gozlan, Vincent Thibault, Marc-Antoine Valantin, Severine Mercier-Delarue, Antoine Faycal, Nadia Valin, Marc Wirden, Theophile Cocherie, Sepideh Akhavan, Anne-Marie Roque-Afonso, Sophie Sayon, Stephane Chevaliez, Tiffany Bouille, Antoine Fauchois, Vincent Calvez, Anne-Geneviève Marcelin, Karine Lacombe, Constance Delaugerre, Valerie Pourcher, Victoria Manda, Sophie Seang, Eve Todesco","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2026.10.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2026.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>At least 2.7 million people living with HIV are infected with HBV worldwide. Some antiretroviral treatments and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-based Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) protect against HBV infection. However, emerging antiretroviral (ARV) strategies without any activity against HBV may promote spread of this virus in the future. In this context, we studied recent cases of acute HBV infection in people at risk of sexually transmitted infections. Our objective was to better understand HBV circulation and the dynamics of its transmission.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included people diagnosed with acute hepatitis B virus infections between 2022 and 2025 in France. The whole HBV genome was amplified and sequenced by NGS for network analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen men, with a median age of 35 years, were enrolled. Six were living with HIV, including three receiving long-acting injectable cabotegravir/rilpivirine treatment. Four of the HIV-negative individuals were taking PrEP. Nine had been vaccinated against HBV, and six had anti-HBs antibody titers between 10 and 100 IU/L. Analysis revealed HBV genotype F1b in 14 patients, with very high homology among the viruses. No known immune escape mutations were identified, even in the individuals with anti-HBs antibodies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A transmission cluster of HBV F1b genotype was observed in a population at risk of infection. This genotype, which is endemic to Latin Ameria, is rarely detected in France. These findings may serve as a timely reminder of the ongoing circulation of HBV among exposed populations. HBV transmission among vaccinated individuals with positive anti-HBs antibodies raises questions and should be further studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among females presenting after sexual assault in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Paulo Roberto Sokoll, Rodrigo de Souza Bulhões, Mandy Bronner, Matthias David","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2026.10.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2026.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Female individuals are disproportionately affected by sexual assault, which may result in physical, reproductive, and psychological consequences, including exposure to sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Evidence on STI prevalence among female participants presenting after sexual assault in Europe remains limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To systematically review and synthesise STI prevalence among female participants presenting after sexual assault in Europe.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence. The protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/WNX48).</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to June 2026. Reporting followed PRISMA 2020.</p><p><strong>Study eligibility criteria: </strong>Observational studies reporting STI prevalence among female participants presenting after sexual assault in Europe.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Female participants presenting after sexual assault in European settings.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Not applicable.</p><p><strong>Assessment of risk of bias: </strong>Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data.</p><p><strong>Methods of data synthesis: </strong>Pooled prevalence was estimated using random-effects generalised linear mixed models. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed using τ² and 95% prediction intervals where appropriate. Site-specific and subgroup analyses, meta-regression, leave-one-out analyses, and Freeman-Tukey sensitivity analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen studies involving 2,992 female participants were included. Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) had the highest pooled prevalence (7.5%, 95% CI 6.1-9.3), followed by human papillomavirus (HPV) (6.2%, 95% CI 1.2-27.5), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) (4.5%, 95% CI 2.5-8.0), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) (3.6%, 95% CI 1.6-7.9), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) (1.6%, 95% CI 0.7-3.5). Site-specific CT prevalence was 9.2% urogenitally, 4.4% anorectally, and 1.0% oropharyngeally.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Infections cannot be assumed to have resulted from the assault. Findings should be interpreted in light of limited study numbers and clinical and methodological heterogeneity. They support comprehensive post-assault STI assessment and may inform clinical practice and future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Systematic Three-Site vs. Classical Single-Site Screening for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae Infections in Non- Sex Worker Women' - Author's reply.","authors":"Thierry Prazuck, Gwenael L E Moal, Axel Ursenbach, Julienne Effa, Laurent Hocqueloux, Guillaume Beraud","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2026.09.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2026.09.019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149191746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How do I manage candiduria: practical algorithms and remaining conundrums in 2026.","authors":"Damien Blez, Zoi Dorothea Pana, Alexandre Lampros, Domenico Benvenuto, Sébastien Gaultier, Martin Belan, Marie Lachâtre, Pauline Richebé, Etienne Canouï, Celia Rouges, André Paugam, Claire Rouzaud, Perrine Parize, Olivier Lortholary, Roberto Cauda, Oliver A Cornely, Caroline Charlier","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2026.08.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2026.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Candiduria is frequently encountered in hospitalized patients and encompasses a wide spectrum of clinical scenarios, ranging from asymptomatic colonization or sample contamination to genuine urinary tract infections and, in rarer cases, invasive candidiasis. Despite its high prevalence, especially in urological and intensive care settings, its clinical relevance is often uncertain, leading to diagnostic uncertainty and inconsistent management, even among infectious disease specialists.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This review aims to provide a structured approach to the evaluation and management of candiduria, illustrated by a clinical vignette. The objective is to support evidence-informed decision-making by highlighting key diagnostic and therapeutic decisions.</p><p><strong>Sources: </strong>In the absence of randomized controlled trials addressing symptomatic candiduria management, we conducted a narrative review of the literature, focusing on observational studies and expert guidance from the 2016 IDSA and 2025 international ECMM guidelines.</p><p><strong>Content: </strong>Based on the case of a patient with a double-J ureteral stent presenting with acute febrile illness, this review explores diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with candiduria. It addresses epidemiology, risk factors, and the distinction between colonization and infection. Antifungal treatment options are discussed considering their pharmacological properties, particularly their diffusion in kidneys and excretion in urine and potential toxicities. We further address the rare but severe complication of fungus balls.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>By converting current evidence into practical clinical algorithms, this review aims to enhance diagnostic accuracy, support antifungal stewardship, and highlight gaps in knowledge. It underscores the need for further research to improve evidence-based management strategies for candiduria.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149179909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clonal outbreak of mecC-MRSA carriage linked to phage-mediated acquisition of immune evasion cluster genes.","authors":"Nicolas Yin, Valérie Verbelen, Gatien Roussel, Célestin Mairesse, Stien Vandendriessche, Magali Wautier, Benoit Prevost, Delphine Martiny, Olivier Denis","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2026.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2026.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>mecC-carrying methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (mecC-MRSA) are predominantly animal-associated pathogens that rarely cause human infections and have not been linked to hospital outbreaks. We investigated a suspected cluster of mecC-MRSA in a Belgian hospital and contextualised the outbreak isolates within the global mecC-MRSA population using whole-genome sequencing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven mecC-MRSA isolates from screening samples from patients hospitalised in a single unit between September 2024 and January 2025 underwent whole genome sequencing alongside 16 unrelated human and 3 bovine mecC-MRSA from Belgium. Core-genome MLST (cgMLST) was performed to assess clonality. These were compared with 571 publicly available mecC-MRSA genome assemblies from NCBI. Immune evasion cluster (IEC) genes were sought. Associated prophage regions were characterised using PHASTEST.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All seven outbreak isolates belonged to ST599, shared the same complex type (CT47051), and differed by a maximum of 4 cgMLST allelic differences, confirming clonal transmission. Six of seven were detected within 48 hours of admission; all patients resided in a semi-rural area within a 23 km radius. The outbreak isolates harboured IEC genes sak and sea on a ΦSa3-like prophage, a novel IEC variant lacking scn and chp, while an unrelated CC599 Belgian human isolate harboured sak and scn. Among publicly available mecC-MRSA assemblies, CC599 represented only 16 isolates (2.8%), and IEC genes were carried only by 6 isolates (0.9%)- none within CC599. The outbreak cluster was most closely related to an unrelated historical Belgian bovine ST599 isolate (75 allelic differences).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This first documented clonal mecC-MRSA outbreak was caused by a rare ST599 clone that acquired IEC genes through phage-mediated horizontal transfer, a feature associated with human adaptation and enhanced transmissibility in other S. aureus lineages. These findings highlight the need for mecC-capable diagnostic assays and One Health genomic surveillance to detect emerging human-adaptive mecC-MRSA clones.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149179901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of six generative large language models answering pre-analytical questions in medical microbiology.","authors":"Michelle Bressan, Eline Nadieh Meijer, Vladimira Hinic, Tilia Ellendorff, Jean-Philippe Goldman, Tannon Kew, Oliver Nolte, Gerold Schneider, Adrian Egli","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2026.09.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2026.09.035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Large language models (LLMs) have the potential to be integrated into diagnostics workflows, yet their reliability in pre-analytical diagnostic stewardship remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the performance of six LLMs answering common pre-analytical questions in the domain of medical microbiology. Next, we propose a blueprint to evaluate LLMs in medical microbiology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We compared general-purpose models from OpenAI (GPT-3.5, GPT-4) and Meta AI (Llama2-7B, Llama2-13B), alongside two domain-enhanced versions (customised GPT-4 agent and Llama2-7B Medical) in a hybrid evaluation framework. First, we quantified the response length (word count), then assessed the similarity between LLM-generated responses and expert-reviewed reference answers (BLEU/ROUGE scores, BERTScore). Finally, thirty-three medical professionals rated the accuracy and completeness of the LLM-generated responses on a 1-7-point scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Responses of OpenAI models showed greater similarity to the reference set and significantly outperformed Meta AI-based models in accuracy and completeness. The customized generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) matched performance of OpenAI's general-purpose models, while generating significantly shorter responses (p<0.001). Quality ratings varied markedly between professionals, as medical microbiologists and experienced infectious disease specialists assigned significantly lower scores compared to infectious disease trainees and medical students (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We observed considerable variation in LLM performance and highlight differences in perceived response quality across professional groups, emphasizing the need for critical appraisal when consulting LLMs for pre-analytical guidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149179822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in acute COVID-19 disease and post-COVID condition.","authors":"Roberta Rovito, Laura Terracciano, Giuseppe De Pinto, Claudia Acampora, Marta Limonta, Andrea Santoro, Valentina Sala, Matteo Augello, Camilla Tincati, Francesca Bravi, Giulia Carla Marchetti","doi":"10.1016/j.cmi.2026.08.045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cmi.2026.08.045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aimed to determine the clinical significance of circulating plasma SARS-CoV-2 RNA across acute COVID-19 and post-COVID condition (PCC) by investigating prevalence, determinants, and kinetics in a large longitudinal cohort, accounting for hospitalization and vaccination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We consecutively enrolled individuals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Acute COVID-19 was classified as mild, severe, or critical per WHO criteria. PCC was assessed 3 months after symptom onset, and plasma SARS-CoV-2 RNA (RNAemia) was quantified during acute infection (T0) and at follow-up (T1) by RT-qPCR. Associations between RNAemia and acute disease severity or PCC were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. RNAemia was analysed as tertiles, binary detectability, and continuous levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 442 individuals with COVID-19 were included, of whom 195 (44.1%) had mild disease, 161 (36.4%) had severe illness, and 86 (19.5%) had critical illness. At a median of 3.2 (interquartile range, 2.7-3.9 months) months from symptom onset, 184 of 442 patients were followed up, and 144 of 184 (78.3%) reported at least one persistent symptom compatible with PCC, most commonly asthenia (22.9%), myalgic pain (26.4%), brain fog (19.4%), dyspnoea (31.3%), and cough (42.4%). RNAemia was detected in 67.4% of participants at baseline and in 53.6% at follow-up. RNAemia in the II-III tertiles or any detectable RNAemia was associated with critical COVID-19. Neither baseline nor follow-up RNAemia was associated with PCC, and results were unchanged in a sensitivity analysis excluding vaccinated individuals. RNAemia trajectories were not associated with PCC, PCC clusters, or upper respiratory tract viral clearance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia was closely linked to acute COVID-19 severity but showed no association with PCC or PCC phenotype, which were assessed at 3 months from symptom onset in a cohort predominantly experiencing severe COVID-19 and hospitalization during acute infection. This dissociation may suggest that viral RNA in the peripheral blood is primarily involved in acute pathogenesis, whereas PCC likely arises from distinct biological mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":10444,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}