Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"Long-term virological and clinical evaluation of chronic hepatitis B patients under nucleos(t)ide analogues therapy","authors":"Maria Stella Franzè ,&nbsp;Carlo Saitta ,&nbsp;Daniele Lombardo ,&nbsp;Cristina Musolino ,&nbsp;Gaia Caccamo ,&nbsp;Roberto Filomia ,&nbsp;Concetta Pitrone ,&nbsp;Irene Cacciola ,&nbsp;Teresa Pollicino ,&nbsp;Giovanni Raimondo","doi":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and objectives</h3><div>Identifying hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients eligible for safe nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) discontinuation remains challenging. Discrepant data on combined HBV DNA and quantitative HBV surface antigen (qHBsAg) assessments are available. This study aimed to identify potential predictors for safe treatment discontinuation by evaluating clinical/virological outcomes in patients on long-term NA therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort of 139 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients - who consecutively started Entecavir or Tenofovir from 2007 to 2011 - was evaluated. The study population was selected based on anti-HBe positivity, absence of prior antiviral treatment, absence of non-HBV-related liver diseases or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and long-term clinical/ultrasonographic/laboratory evaluations post-NA initiation. Serum samples collected before starting NA (T0) and over ten years (T1-T10) were tested for HBV DNA and qHBsAg.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-two/139 (15.8 %) CHB patients (12 chronic hepatitis, 10 cirrhosis) met the inclusion criteria. All patients showed a significant decrease in liver stiffness values in the ten years of follow-up (<em>p</em> = 0.001), and no hepatic decompensation occurred. Three/22 (13.6 %) patients developed HCC. Ten/22 patients (45.5 %; group-A) had fluctuating HBV DNA, while other 10/22 (45.5 %; group-B) showed undetectable HBV DNA for 5–9 years with more significant qHBsAg decline (<em>p</em> = 0.04) than group-A. Two/22 (9.1 %) patients showed a critical qHBsAg decline up to seroconversion together with undetectable HBV DNA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Persistent undetectable HBV DNA levels correlate with qHBsAg reduction and the potential HBsAg seroclearance, suggesting that long-term HBV DNA monitoring in NA-treated CHB patients might help identify candidates for treatment discontinuation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10424,"journal":{"name":"Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology","volume":"49 4","pages":"Article 102566"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatomegaly as the first clue to familial mediterranean fever","authors":"Rim Bourguiba ,&nbsp;Romain Guery ,&nbsp;Lea Savey ,&nbsp;Laurence Cuisset ,&nbsp;Sophie Georgin-Lavialle","doi":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102565","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10424,"journal":{"name":"Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology","volume":"49 4","pages":"Article 102565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatal outcome of erythropoietic protoporphyria with advanced liver disease","authors":"Richard Taubert ,&nbsp;Mohammad Kabbani ,&nbsp;Stefanie Walter ,&nbsp;Lilia Goudeva ,&nbsp;Björn Hartleben ,&nbsp;Ulrich Stölzel ,&nbsp;Patrick Behrendt","doi":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102557","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10424,"journal":{"name":"Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology","volume":"49 4","pages":"Article 102557"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and impact of sarcopenia in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: A prospective cohort study","authors":"Solène Dermine ,&nbsp;Thomas Bazin ,&nbsp;Fatimé Adam Hassan ,&nbsp;Johanna Bettolo ,&nbsp;Lore Billiauws ,&nbsp;Justine Bourdillel ,&nbsp;Clément Bresteau ,&nbsp;Olivier Corcos ,&nbsp;Myriam El khatib ,&nbsp;Ashiq Mohamed Gouse ,&nbsp;Coralie Hutinet ,&nbsp;Alexandre Nuzzo ,&nbsp;Francisca Joly","doi":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with sarcopenia are at increased morbidity risk. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of sarcopenia in IBD outpatients using both morphological and functional criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this prospective cohort study, all IBD patients admitted to the day hospital unit between March 01 and 31, 2023 were included. Muscle mass and function were evaluated using bioelectrical impedance analysis and handgrip strength measurement, respectively. Probable sarcopenia was defined as reduced handgrip strength (&lt;16–27 kg). Myopenia was defined by a low appendicular muscle mass index (&lt;5.5–7 kg/m²). Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on the coexistence of reduced muscle strength and muscle mass. Disease activity, therapeutic changes, hospitalizations, and IBD-related surgeries were assessed at month 6.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty patients with either Crohn's disease (CD, 52 %) or ulcerative colitis (48 %), with a median age of 37 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 28–54), were included. Fifty-five percent were women. Most patients were in remission (67 %, <em>n</em> = 40). In CD patients, the involvement was ileocolic (48 %), ileal (35 %), or colonic (16 %). A history of IBD-related digestive surgery was noted in 30 % of cases. The median body mass index [BMI] was 24 (IQR: 21–27). The prevalence of sarcopenia, probable sarcopenia, and myopenia was 10 %, 18 %, and 20 %, respectively. Sarcopenic patients were significantly older (59 vs 36 years, <em>p</em> = 0.01), had a longer disease duration (20 vs 8 years, <em>p</em> = 0.003), were more likely to have associated joint inflammation (27 % vs 6 %, <em>p</em> = 0.01) and CD (80 % vs 49 %, <em>p</em> = 0.36). Myopenia was significantly associated with a history of surgery (67 % vs 21 %, <em>p</em> = 0.004) and a lower BMI (21 vs 24, <em>p</em> = 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this prospective cohort of IBD outpatients, 10 % and 20 % of patients had sarcopenia and myopenia, respectively. Screening for sarcopenia therefore seems essential in this population, including in stable outpatients in remission who do not meet malnutrition criteria and in overweight patients, as according to the literature, sarcopenia is associated with poorer clinical outcomes and increased postoperative complications. Interventional studies are needed to assess the impact of multidisciplinary treatment of sarcopenia on quality of life and disease progression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10424,"journal":{"name":"Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology","volume":"49 4","pages":"Article 102555"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methylation profile of CD247 and FOXP3 genes and frequency of certain HLA-DQ haplotypes in Celiac disease","authors":"Malik Ejder Yildirim ,&nbsp;Hilmi Ataseven ,&nbsp;Hande Kucuk Kurtulgan ,&nbsp;Seyma Tastemur ,&nbsp;Ahmet Sirin","doi":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder that affects the small intestine in people with gluten intolerance. HLA-DQ2 and DQ8 have been associated with Celiac Disease. CD247 is a subunit of the T cell receptor complex and Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) is a transcription factor involved in the regulation of the immune response. Expression levels of these two markers in various diseases, including autoimmune disorders, are controversial. In this context, we aimed to shed light on the etiopathogenesis of Celiac disease by determining the methylation profile of <em>CD247</em> and <em>FOXP3</em> genes, and to calculate the frequency of HLA-DQ haplotypes in this disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Methylated and unmethylated copy numbers of the <em>CD247</em> and <em>FOXP3</em> genes in samples were calculated using the methylation-specific qPCR method. The records regarding HLA-DQ2 and DQ8 genotypes previously detected from our patients by Real Time PCR and tissue transglutaminase IgA (TTG-IgA) by ELISA, were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>CD247</em> methylation rate in our patients was significantly lower than in controls. According to the Marsh classification, the methylation level in Marsh type 2–3 patients was statistically lower than in type 1. On the contrary, <em>FOXP3</em> had a significantly higher methylation rate in the patient group compared to healthy controls, and this gene was also found to be more methylated in Marsh type 2–3 patients than in Marsh type 1. In the patient group, HLA-DQ2 positivity was 82.5% and HLA-DQ8 positivity was 37.5%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The data suggest that CD247 expression is upregulated, whereas FOXP3 expression is downregulated in Celiac disease. Among HLA haplotypes, HLA-DQ2 heterodimer came to the forefront with its frequency in terms of celiac predisposition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10424,"journal":{"name":"Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology","volume":"49 4","pages":"Article 102562"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements of direct oral anticoagulants in cirrhotic individuals with portal vein thrombosis","authors":"Zhiqian Liu ,&nbsp;Xiying Yang,&nbsp;Haitao Jiang,&nbsp;Rui Xie,&nbsp;Hong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Individuals with cirrhosis maintain a delicate balance between pro- and anticoagulation, which can lead to a state of hypercoagulability. This hypercoagulable condition not only exacerbates liver fibrosis but also increases the risk of venous thrombosis, particularly portal vein thrombosis (PVT). PVT has detrimental effects on liver function, complicates the success of liver transplantation, and negatively impacts the survival rate of patients with cirrhosis. Currently, multiple studies have confirmed that individuals with cirrhosis responded well to treatment with novel direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), showing both safety and efficacy. Furthermore, the use of DOACs as a preventive measure in patients with cirrhosis following surgery has been shown to lower the occurrence of portal vein thrombosis and postpone the progression of liver fibrosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10424,"journal":{"name":"Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology","volume":"49 4","pages":"Article 102553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143472408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A real-world study on the characteristics of autoimmune gastritis: A single-center retrospective cohort in China","authors":"Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaowei Ji ,&nbsp;Weiyi Zhao ,&nbsp;Jie Lin ,&nbsp;Siyuan Xie ,&nbsp;Jinghong Xu ,&nbsp;Jianshan Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aim</h3><div>Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) was previously considered a rare disease in China, and its clinical characteristics were not fully understood. This study aimed to demonstrate the characteristics of AIG in China and evaluate gastric oxyntic mucosal atrophy using a modified AIG-atrophic staging.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a single-center retrospective observational real-world study. The diagnosis of AIG was based on pathological results combined with parietal cell antibody (PCA) and intrinsic factor antibody (IFA) results, and endoscopic findings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 745 patients were enrolled, the median age at diagnosis was 58 years old, and 69.9 % were female. The symptoms of AIG patients were nonspecific, and about 2/5 of the cases were asymptomatic. The proportions of cases from modified AIG-atrophic stage 1 to 4 were 0.8 %, 14.1 %, 73.8 %, and 11.3 %, respectively. Approximately 1/5 had autoimmune thyroiditis (AITD). Near 1/2 had one or more comorbidities: iron-deficiency anemia (IDA), pernicious anemia (PA), neuropathy, gastric hyperplastic polyps (GHP), gastric intraepithelial neoplasia (GIN), type 1 gastric neuroendocrine tumors (g-NET), or gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). There was a high risk of type 1 g-NET (7.0 %) and GAC (9.1 %) in AIG patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>AIG is not rare in China, and its early diagnosis is challenging, accompanied by a high risk of GAC. The modified four-stage AIG-atrophic staging can effectively represent the extent of oxyntic mucosal atrophy and the progression in AIG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10424,"journal":{"name":"Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology","volume":"49 4","pages":"Article 102556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suboptimal use of inpatient palliative care consultation in alcoholic hepatitis hospitalizations may lead to higher readmissions","authors":"Ali Jaan ,&nbsp;Syeda Shahnoor ,&nbsp;Abdul Moiz Khan ,&nbsp;Umer Farooq ,&nbsp;Qurat Ul Ain Muhammad ,&nbsp;Kamran Qureshi","doi":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Alcoholic hepatitis (AH), a clinical syndrome precipitated by chronic alcohol consumption, constitutes about 0.9 % of total admissions in the United States. It presents a wide severity spectrum, from mild disease to severe cases associated with high mortality. Palliative care (PC) is a specialized medical approach focused on enhancing the quality of life for patients with serious or life-threatening illnesses. This study aims to investigate the national trends of palliative care (PC) utilization in AH hospitalizations and its impact on resource utilization.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We identified adult AH hospitalizations from the Nationwide Readmission Database, further categorized based on PC utilization. Multivariate regression analysis was employed to evaluate the impact of PC on the 90-day readmission rate.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 68,062 AH patients, 3,784 (5.56 %) utilized PC services. PC utilization in AH hospitalizations was associated with a significantly lower 90-day readmission rate (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.45, <em>P</em> = 0.02). 90-day readmission benefits with PC were persistent on analysis of severe (North American Consortium for the Study of End-Stage Liver Disease-Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure [NACSELD-ACLF] score ≥1) AH population as well (aHR 0.46, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Trend analysis of PC utilization in AH hospitalizations revealed a non-significant change from 5.39 % in 2016 to 5.69 % in 2020 (<em>P</em> = 0.07).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study shows that PC utilization in AH hospitalizations reduces readmissions and healthcare burden. We advocate integrating PC into the comprehensive management of AH. Further research is needed to determine the optimal timing and components of PC interventions for AH patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10424,"journal":{"name":"Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology","volume":"49 4","pages":"Article 102554"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating transcriptome and metabolomics analyses of hepatocellular carcinoma to discover novel biomarkers and drug targets","authors":"Ting Yang,&nbsp;Si-Yu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks sixth in incidence and third in mortality among all cancers. Chronic infection by hepatitis B and C viruses are the predominant risk factors for HCC, but other factors related to metabolic disorders including diabetes and obesity are also involved.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ten male HCC patients with chronic HBV infection were included in this study. Primary HCC tissues were obtained from all study participants following liver resection. Normal tissues that were simultaneously collected served as the controls and were defined as tissue at least 5 cm from the tumor edge. Tissues were subjected to untargeted metabolomics and transcriptome analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 31 and 41 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) in positive and negative ion modes, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that 15 DEMs were enriched in ABC transporters, nine in purine metabolism, eight in central carbon metabolism in cancer, and seven in biosynthesis of amino acids. Regarding the transcriptome analysis, 1,224 significantly up-regulated and 887 down-regulated RNAs were found. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the most significantly enriched pathways were metabolic pathways. Integrated analysis showed seven pathways that were highly activated in HCC tissues including PI3K/Akt, ABC transporters, caffeine metabolism, carbon metabolism, biosynthesis of amino acids, arginine biosynthesis, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Some DEMs could be biomarkers or therapeutic targets for HCC. Moreover, we found that MAGEB2 was significantly elevated in HCC tissues for the first time, and its association with HCC needs to be explored by functional studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10424,"journal":{"name":"Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology","volume":"49 4","pages":"Article 102546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the learning curve of intestinal ultrasound in inflammatory bowel disease: A comparative study between novice, regular and expert","authors":"Léo Bove ,&nbsp;Jérémy Meyer ,&nbsp;Michael Collins ,&nbsp;Eric Frampas ,&nbsp;Arnaud Bourreille ,&nbsp;Catherine Le Berre","doi":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) has emerged as a valuable tool for monitoring inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but its reliability depends on the technical skills of the operator.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the IUS learning curve of a novice briefly trained to get him familiarized with the ultrasound machine and normal/abnormal IUS images, and a gastroenterologist with formal general ultrasound training and regular IUS experience (&gt; 200 exams), using an expert radiologist as the gold standard.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The ULTRA-IBD study was a single-center, prospective study involving 50 consecutive IBD patients. Three successive IUS examinations were performed on each patient by the 3 operators. Inter-rater agreement on IUS disease activity was calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The experienced gastroenterologist demonstrated consistently good agreement with the radiologist throughout the study, while the novice failed to go beyond poor agreement after 50 examinations, although a faster learning curve was observed in patients without history of IBD surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings highlight the difficulty of the technical performance of IUS rather than its interpretation. Comprehensive ultrasound training beforehand and between 50 and 200 examinations of experience are necessary before embarking on IUS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10424,"journal":{"name":"Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology","volume":"49 3","pages":"Article 102548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}