Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Social Support on Suicide Risk among Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive, and Comorbid Symptom Groups in Elderly Living Alone in Korea.","authors":"Hae-Joo Ahn, Moon-Doo Kim, Hyun-Ju Yang, Won-Myong Bahk","doi":"10.9758/cpn.25.1353","DOIUrl":"10.9758/cpn.25.1353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>With the rapid increase in elderly individuals living alone, concerns about their vulnerability to psychiatric disorders and suicide have grown. Jeju Island's population endures the intergenerational impact of the 4ㆍ3 Incident, a collective trauma resulting from a large-scale civilian massacre. This study aimed to classify elderly living alone in Jeju into four psychiatric groups-healthy, PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms and comorbid PTSD and depressive symptoms-and to investigate the effect of social support on suicide risk within these groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A complete enumeration survey was conducted among 5,138 eligible individuals, with 4,680 completing structured, face-to-face interviews. Standardized instruments were used: PC-PTSD-5 for PTSD symptoms, SGDS-K for depression, MINI-Plus for suicide risk, and MOS-SSS for social support. Multivariate logistic regression analyzed associations between social support and suicide risk across psychiatric groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the participants, 7.8% had PTSD symptoms, 40.4% had depressive symptoms, and 5.8% had comorbid symptoms. Overall, 10.2% reported suicide risk, with the highest rate in the comorbid group (29.5%), followed by the depressive (17.1%) and PTSD (12.8%) groups. Social support significantly decreased suicide risk in the healthy (OR = 0.976), depressive (OR = 0.980), and comorbid groups (OR = 0.979), but not in the PTSD group (OR = 0.957, <i>p</i> = 0.179).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of developing tailored social support interventions that consider the psychiatric profiles of elderly individuals, especially those living alone and exposed to community-wide historical trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":10420,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience","volume":"24 2","pages":"297-307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13122161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cellular Senescence of Patient-derived Fibroblasts Reveals the Mid-old Stage as a Critical Window for Transcriptomic Signatures Linked to Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers and Classification.","authors":"Young Joon Cho, Sunwoo Yoon, Yeojin Kim, Ho Min Song, You Jin Nam, Sang Hyuk Lee, Sehee Lee, Donghyuk Shin, Sun Min Lee, So Young Moon, Eun-Joo Kim, Soo Hyun Cho, Byeong C Kim, Seong Hye Choi, Sang Won Seo, Jin Cheol Kim, Young Joon Park, Hee Young Kang, Sang-Rae Lee, Sunhwa Hong, Sang Joon Son, Chang Hyung Hong, Hyun Woong Roh","doi":"10.9758/cpn.25.1360","DOIUrl":"10.9758/cpn.25.1360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is strongly associated with aging, yet the interactions remain unclear. This study modeled replicative senescence in patient-derived fibroblasts to compare gene expression between AD dementia and controls across senescence stages and to evaluate whether stage-specific alterations reflect disease characteristics with diagnostic implications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dermal fibroblasts from 13 AD dementia patients and 13 healthy controls were repeatedly passaged to induce replicative senescence and classified into young (passage 7), mid-old (passage 18), and old stages (passage 25-28). Transcriptomic profiling was performed by RNA sequencing, followed by stepwise gene extraction, machine learning-based classification, and correlation analyses with AD biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fibroblasts were successfully driven into replicative senescence, validated by SA-β-gal staining, increased expression of CDKN1A and CDKN2A, and transcriptomic age acceleration. From transcriptome data, 605 senescence-associated genes were identified, enriched in extracellular matrix remodeling, chromatin organization, and immune-related pathways. Machine learning classifiers trained on these genes achieved the highest accuracy at the mid-old stage above 0.9, markedly outperforming the young and old stages. In addition, among the most consistently selected mid-old genes, H2AC18, H1-2, and LTBP1 showed significant correlations with cortical amyloid burden and plasma pTau217, linking cellular transcriptomic changes to established AD biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, replicative senescence models of patient-derived fibroblasts revealed that transcriptomic differences between AD dementia and controls peak at the mid-old stage. This transitional window represents the most informative point for capturing disease-related alterations with strong biomarker relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":10420,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience","volume":"24 2","pages":"353-367"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13122170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered Kynurenine Pathway Metabolism in Drug-naive Children and Adolescents with Generalized Anxiety Disorder.","authors":"Kübranur Ünal, Yasemin Taş Torun, Mehmet Emre Erol, Zeynep Kübra Kurt, Cansu Özbaş","doi":"10.9758/cpn.25.1351","DOIUrl":"10.9758/cpn.25.1351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is among the most common psychiatric conditions in children and adolescents. Although its aetiology remains unclear, emerging evidence highlights the role of immune-metabolic pathways in its development. This study aimed to investigate alterations in the kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites in drug-naive paediatric patients with GAD compared to healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-six drug-naive children with GAD and thirty-two age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled. Serum levels of tryptophan (TRP), kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KYNA), and quinolinic acid (QUIN) were measured using ELISA. Enzymatic activity indices, including KYN/TRP (IDO/TDO), KYNA/KYN (KAT), and QUIN/KYN (KMO), were calculated. Group differences and correlations with clinical anxiety scores were analysed. Additionally, ROC analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of TRP levels in predicting GAD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TRP levels were significantly elevated in the GAD group (median: 62.8 μmol/L) compared to controls (42.9 μmol/L, <i>p</i> < 0.001), while KYN (54.5 vs. 66.8 nmol/L, <i>p</i> = 0.042) and QUIN (9.9 vs. 11.9 μmol/L, <i>p</i> = 0.004) levels were reduced. The KYN/TRP ratio was positively correlated with RCADS-CV total anxiety scores (r = 0.430, <i>p</i> = 0.028). ROC analysis indicated that TRP had good diagnostic performance for GAD, with an AUC of 0.824, sensitivity of 73%, and specificity of 78%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that disrupted tryptophan metabolism, characterized by reduced KP activation and altered neurotoxic metabolite levels, may contribute to the pathophysiology of paediatric GAD. The KP may represent a promising target for future biomarker and therapeutic research in anxiety disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":10420,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience","volume":"24 2","pages":"333-343"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13122166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Welcoming 2026: Broadening Clinical Perspectives.","authors":"Chi-Un Pae","doi":"10.9758/cpn.26.001","DOIUrl":"10.9758/cpn.26.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10420,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience","volume":"24 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12854116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146046187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between miR-182 rs76481776 Polymorphism and Antidepressant Treatment Response in Patients with Depression.","authors":"Ying Feng, Xiyao Jia, Haiyan Bi, Lijie Yang, Ping Dai, Yanjie Tang","doi":"10.9758/cpn.25.1337","DOIUrl":"10.9758/cpn.25.1337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The efficacy of antidepressants is influenced by a combination of genetic, individual, and environmental factors. This study aimed to investigate the association between the miR-182 rs76481776 polymorphism and the response to antidepressant treatment in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients, and its underlying molecular mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study enrolled 180 MDD patients and 180 healthy controls. The rs76481776 genotype was determined using TaqMan-based qPCR. The severity of depression and treatment response were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD). The expression of miR-182 and <i>BDNF</i> was measured using RT-qPCR. The regulatory relationship between miR-182 and <i>BDNF</i> was confirmed through a luciferase reporter gene assay. The correlation between miR-182 and <i>BDNF</i> expression was evaluated using the Pearson correlation coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The T allele of rs76481776 was a significant risk factor for MDD (OR = 2.182, 95% CI: 1.424-3.345, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and was significantly associated with higher baseline scores on the HAMD. Moreover, individuals carrying the T allele (CT/TT genotype) exhibited a significantly poorer response to antidepressant treatment and a lower remission rate within 12 months compared to those with the CC genotype (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Mechanistically, miR-182 was highly expressed in patients with MDD (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and its expression was even higher in T allele carriers (<i>p</i> < 0.05). miR-182 could directly target and suppress <i>BDNF</i> , leading to decreased <i>BDNF</i> expression in MDD patients, and its expression was significantly and inversely correlated with <i>BDNF</i> expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The T allele of rs76481776 diminished the therapeutic efficacy of antidepressants by up-regulating miR-182 expression and subsequently suppressing <i>BDNF</i> expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":10420,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience","volume":"24 1","pages":"140-150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12854125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146046216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Memantine Use in Prolonged Cognitive Sequalae in Pediatric Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis: A Three-year Follow-up Case Report and Brief Review.","authors":"Ayşegül Efe, İsmail Solmaz","doi":"10.9758/cpn.25.1308","DOIUrl":"10.9758/cpn.25.1308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (anti-NMDAR encephalitis) is an autoimmune encephalopathy increasingly recognized in the pediatric population. Although conventional immunotherapy-focused treatments have significantly improved outcomes, a substantial proportion of patients experience enduring neuropsychiatric and cognitive sequelae. Here, we present a three-year longitudinal follow-up report of a female case with confirmed anti-NMDAR encephalitis, focusing on the neuropsychiatric trajectory and cognitive sequelae management with memantine. A previously healthy 10-year-old girl presented with acute-onset psychotic, affective and cataplexy-like features, primarily such as severe irritability and dysphoria, mixed-type mood fluctuation, affective lability, disorganized speaking and thinking, mutism, visual hallucinations, cognitive regression, dysgraphia, and impulsive behavioral dysregulation. The patient received immunotherapy including intravenous methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, and rituximab, as well as concurrent psychotropics, including valproate and olanzapine/aripiprazole. Despite psychiatric improvement in 6 months, she showed persistent deficits in memory, executive function, and impulse control, even after 18th month of conventional therapies. Despite appropriate immunotherapy and psychotropic treatments, exhibited persistent deficits in attention, memory, and executive functioning (dysfunction in language and learning), without any severe adverse events. Memantine, a non-competitive NMDAR antagonist with documented neuroprotective properties, was initiated during the chronic phase as complementary to psychotropic medications. While 20 mg/day dose of memantine was administering during 6 months, marked improvement was observed in her verbal fluency, academic functioning, and social engagement, that may be associated with post-acute initiation of memantine alongside conventional treatments. This case highlights the evolving understanding of post-autoimmune cognitive rehabilitation and discusses current evidence and theoretical rationale supporting memantine use in complementary treatment of prolonged cognitive dysfunction in the pediatric anti-NMDAR encephalitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10420,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience","volume":"24 1","pages":"184-191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12854111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146045938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of GDNF and NSE in Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: The Relationship with Sleep and Eating.","authors":"Sevgi Özmen, Semiha Dursun, Esra Demirci","doi":"10.9758/cpn.25.1313","DOIUrl":"10.9758/cpn.25.1313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in childhood. This study aims to examine blood levels of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and neuron-specific enolase in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and to explore their relationships with sleep patterns, eating behaviors, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 51 patients diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and 20 healthy controls were included in the study. The Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire and Eating Behavior Assessment Scale for Children were administered. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and neuron-specific enolase levels were measured using the Bioassay Technology Laboratory Human ELISA Kit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When comparing the serum glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor levels between groups, no statistically significant difference was found in the distribution of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor levels (<i>p</i> = 0.645). The serum neuron-specific enolase levels in the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder group were found to be higher than the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.038). Correlation analysis demonstrated a negative correlation between glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor levels and total scores on the eating scale (r = -0.309, <i>p</i> = 0.026).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results highlight the possible involvement of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in the regulation of eating patterns among children diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Higher serum neuron-specific enolase levels were observed as discriminative between healthy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder children.</p>","PeriodicalId":10420,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience","volume":"24 1","pages":"58-66"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12854128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146046162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relation of Zonulin and Intestinal Fatty Acid-binding Protein with Cognitive Functions in Patients with Bipolar Disorder.","authors":"Fatma Büşra Parlakkaya Yıldız, Ayşe Kurtulmuş Çalış, Tezer Kılıçarslan, Eray Metin Güler, Muhammed Emin Boylu, Hifa Gülru Çağlar, Ayşegül Yabacı, İsmet Kırpınar, Ahmet Öztürk","doi":"10.9758/cpn.25.1335","DOIUrl":"10.9758/cpn.25.1335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between zonulin and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), biomarkers of intestinal permeability, and cognitive functions in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) compared to healthy controls (HCs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 40 individuals diagnosed with BD and HCs. Cognitive functions were evaluated using the Stroop Test, Trail Making Test, Öktem Verbal Memory Processes Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and Digit Span Test. Serum zonulin and I-FABP levels were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Zonulin and I-FABP levels were significantly higher in the BD group than in HCs (<i>p</i> < 0.001). After correction for multiple comparisons, significant associations remained between zonulin levels and cognitive performance measures, including the Stroop effect (r = 0.46, <i>p</i> < 0.001), delayed recall (r = -0.41, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and recognition performance (r = 0.42, <i>p</i> < 0.001). No significant correlations were found between I-FABP levels and cognitive test results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The observed associations between zonulin levels and cognitive performance suggests a potential relationship of intestinal barrier integrity and gut microbiota with cognitive functions in BD. These findings should be interpreted as associative rather than causal, and future longitudinal studies are required to explore the direction of these relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":10420,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience","volume":"24 1","pages":"118-128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12854126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146046182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug Use-related Problems Are Associated with Poorer Health-related Quality of Life: A Community Study of Korean Adults.","authors":"Sang-Chan Jeon, Young-Eun Jung, Seohyeon Park, Moon-Doo Kim","doi":"10.9758/cpn.25.1339","DOIUrl":"10.9758/cpn.25.1339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the prevalence of drug use-related problems in a Korean community sample and to examine the association between drug use-related problems and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from 500 community-dwelling adults residing in Jeju, Korea. Drug use-related problems were assessed using the Drug Abuse Screening Test-10, and HRQOL was measured using the 26-item abbreviated version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 25 participants (5.0%) reported experiencing drug use-related problems in the previous 12 months. Multivariate analysis revealed that drug use-related problems were significantly associated with lower scores in all HRQOL domains, i.e., physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment, even after adjusting for relevant covariates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Drug use-related problems were strongly associated with poorer HRQOL. These findings imply that clinicians should pay close attention to HRQOL when evaluating and treating individuals with illicit drug use.</p>","PeriodicalId":10420,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience","volume":"24 1","pages":"177-183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12854118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146045834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Improvement in Memory and Executive Functions: Personalized Exercise versus Acupuncture for Mild Cognitive Impairment in Stroke-prone Individuals.","authors":"Yaoyao Xing, Haoran Hu, Qingping Ma, Jianjun Yang, Xin Wang","doi":"10.9758/cpn.25.1321","DOIUrl":"10.9758/cpn.25.1321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study compared the effects of personalized exercise versus acupuncture on multidimensional cognitive function in individuals at high risk for stroke with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized controlled trial enrolled 200 stroke-risk adults aged 50-80 years. Ninety participants diagnosed with MCI (MMSE, HIS, CDR criteria) were randomly assigned to exercise (n = 30), acupuncture (n = 30), or control (n = 30) groups. Interventions lasted 6 months. Cognitive outcomes (MMSE, Raven's Progressive Matrices, Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Animal Fluency, Rey-Osterrieth test, Stroop test) were assessed before and after intervention. Multivariate regression identified risk factors for MCI. ANOVA was used for group comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hypertension (aOR = 1.5) and diabetes (aOR = 1.3) were significant risk factors for MCI. After intervention, the exercise group showed the largest MMSE improvement (Δ = 5.0), compared with acupuncture (Δ = 3.0) and control (Δ = 1.0) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Exercise produced greater gains in non-verbal reasoning (31.8% vs. 26.1% in acupuncture, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Acupuncture more effectively enhanced processing speed and attention (DSST: Δ = 26 vs. Δ = 20 in exercise, <i>p</i> = 0.03) and executive function (Stroop interference time: Δ = 16 vs. Δ = 15 seconds in exercise, <i>p</i> = 0.04). Both interventions significantly improved verbal fluency (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with larger benefits in those with baseline MMSE ≤ 20.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypertension and diabetes are key risk factors for MCI in stroke-prone individuals. Exercise yields greater improvement in global cognition and memory, whereas acupuncture is more effective for enhancing attention and executive function. Both modalities benefit verbal fluency, particularly in lower-functioning participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":10420,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience","volume":"24 1","pages":"67-83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12854113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146045867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}