{"title":"Foreword: Gynecologic Care of the Patient With Disabilities.","authors":"Beth I Schwartz","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001023","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with disabilities are an overlooked and underserved population, especially in Obstetrics and Gynecology. This has led to increased disparities in reproductive health care utilization and outcomes. While most reproductive care for this population is the same as for those without disabilities, there are some unique considerations and adjustments that need to be made. The goals of this symposium are to outline the problems and disparities in gynecologic care for patients with disabilities and to offer practical advice on how to care for this population at all stages of life, from premenarche through menopause.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"253-254"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147986920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lauren H Furst, Samantha Eco, Marisa R Young, Lisa I Iezzoni
{"title":"Clinician Comfort and Barriers to the Obstetric and Gynecologic Care of Patients With Disabilities.","authors":"Lauren H Furst, Samantha Eco, Marisa R Young, Lisa I Iezzoni","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001018","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disabilities are highly prevalent in the population, and people with disabilities have faced stigma for millennia. Despite federal mandates, persistent disparities in care remain for patients with disabilities seeking obstetric and gynecologic care. Lack of adequate clinician training, clinician stigma and biases, inaccessible clinical spaces, and suboptimal communication all contribute to care inequities. Updated regulations under federal disability rights statutes will require clinic spaces to have equipment that is accessible for patients of all abilities. Understanding these recommendations and mandated changes is the next step in improving care for disabled patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"255-259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148344118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stone Addams, Susan Fager, Jessica Gormley, Alli Krase, Kelli Krase, Caitlin Linscheid, Gillian Luevano, India Ochs, Leni Swails
{"title":"Best Practices in Obstetrics for Patients Who Are Nonspeaking.","authors":"Stone Addams, Susan Fager, Jessica Gormley, Alli Krase, Kelli Krase, Caitlin Linscheid, Gillian Luevano, India Ochs, Leni Swails","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001036","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A multidisciplinary group of health care professionals and patients convened to discuss navigating obstetric care for nonspeaking individuals. The key lessons outlined in the manuscript include: (1) Identifying components of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). (2) Expanding the health care team to support patients using AAC. (3) Anticipatory guidance and planning are paramount to navigating obstetric care for patients who are nonspeaking. (4) Call for electronic medical records to flag communication methods to ensure all health care providers are aware of patients' preferences.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"337-343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148270395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Obstetric Care for Patients With Cognitive Disabilities.","authors":"Lillian C Chen, Jennifer Doorey, Betty Chou","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001032","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As increasing numbers of individuals with cognitive disabilities have become integrated into society and have reached reproductive age, the number of patients with cognitive disabilities who desire pregnancy has also risen. This review highlights the disparities in pregnancy outcomes for patients with cognitive disabilities, addresses issues of capacity and consent, and identifies common challenges during the preconception, prenatal, intrapartum, and postpartum courses to provide tailored and comprehensive care for this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"330-336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148367309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preconception Counseling for People With Disabilities.","authors":"Darienne Madlala, Whitney Bender","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001004","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over 70 million Americans, including 35 million women, are living with a disability including ~10% to 12% of reproductive-age women. Having a disability does not preclude a desire to or ability to have children. Studies have demonstrated that an increased risk of adverse outcomes, including hypertensive disorders, hemorrhage, and preterm birth, occurs among pregnant people with physical, intellectual, developmental, and sensory disabilities. This review aims to evaluate pregnancy outcomes, outline general preconception care, and review disability-specific considerations with the goal of improving pregnancy outcomes in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"288-292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147479971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Menstrual Management and Contraception for Patients With Disabilities.","authors":"Viktoriya Tulchinskaya, Kathryn Stambough","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001030","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Menstrual management and access to reliable contraception are integral components of equitable reproductive health care for patients with disabilities. Concerns surrounding impending periods are common among caregivers of patients with physical and cognitive disabilities, even before menarche. There are several considerations in the approach to options for management of both periods and contraception in this patient population, and this article details the available options with a lens toward the unique needs of patients with disabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"284-287"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148344175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Best Practices for Obstetric Care of Physical Disabilities.","authors":"Nikita Sood, Safiyah Hosein","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001038","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with physical disabilities face many barriers to obstetric care. Facility limitations affect the ability to perform routine exams, including fundal heights and patient weights. These patients are at increased risk of antepartum and intrapartum complications, including preterm labor, lower birth weight infants, worsening functional status, and autonomic dysreflexia as well as increased likelihood of cesarean delivery. Postpartum, they face decreased rates of breastfeeding, increased rates of postpartum depression, and a lack of accessible infant care items. Provider education focusing on the specific needs of these patients in the peripartum period is necessary to improve their care.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"325-329"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148283293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Menopause in Patients With Disabilities.","authors":"John A Harris, Claire Z Kalpakjian","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001020","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review covers menopause physiology, screening, treatment, and experience for women with physical, sensory, and intellectual and developmental disabilities. Menopause is a near-universal physiological experience for women with disabilities, but the menopause experience and management may vary widely due to differences or barriers related to cognition, communication, mobility, and disability-related medical conditions. While there are very limited trials of menopause treatments in populations of women with disabilities, there is substantial literature on the experience of menopause among these populations, and thoughtful extrapolations of available evidence support aggressive, evidence-based treatment for burdensome menopause symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"293-300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What Gynecologists Need to Know About Patients With Physical Disabilities.","authors":"Rachel Greene, Oluseye Raymond, Fatimah Alhassan, Nethra Ankam","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001022","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using spinal cord injury as a framework, this paper reviews some of the care considerations that gynecologists may consider when providing care for patients with physical disabilities. It describes disability in the context of its impact on patients seeking care, and the responsibilities of health care systems and providers. Providing equitable care requires respectful communication, avoidance of common biases, an accessible environment, and knowledge of secondary conditions and diagnostic overshadowing.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"260-266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147940134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anesthetic and Analgesic Considerations in Pregnant Patients With Cardiac Disease.","authors":"Afif Kraitem, Kaitlyn A Brennan","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GRF.0000000000001055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Successful anesthetic management of pregnant patients with cardiac disease requires an understanding of both maternal physiology and alterations induced by labor analgesia and anesthesia for cesarean delivery. This review provides an overview of physiological changes of pregnancy pertinent to obstetric anesthesiology in regard to patients with cardiac disease, including modifications to labor analgesic techniques, indications for additional monitoring, and both regional anesthetic and general anesthetic management of complex cardiac patients for cesarean delivery. The importance of a comprehensive pregnancy heart team cannot be overstated, especially when managing patients with very high-risk cardiac comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}