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Approach to the Patient With Vulvar Disease. 外阴疾病患者的治疗方法
IF 1.4 4区 医学
Clinical obstetrics and gynecology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000001000
Sach Thakker, Thomas Stirrat, Annalie Brody, Dev Patel, Melissa Laughter, James E Benson, Taylor Gray, Miriam K Pomeranz
{"title":"Approach to the Patient With Vulvar Disease.","authors":"Sach Thakker, Thomas Stirrat, Annalie Brody, Dev Patel, Melissa Laughter, James E Benson, Taylor Gray, Miriam K Pomeranz","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001000","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The vulvar dermatologic examination is a crucial component of gynecologic and dermatologic practice, requiring a thorough understanding of normal anatomy and physiologic variations, and common pathologic conditions. This review outlines key elements of the history-taking process, including demographic factors, symptoms, product use, and relevant medical history, which help guide diagnostic evaluation. A structured approach to distinguishing normal anatomic variations from disease is emphasized, including the identification of physiological changes across the lifespan and common benign lesions that may mimic pathology. Proper vulvar hygiene and personal care habits play a significant role in maintaining vulvar health and preventing irritant or allergic reactions. We review evidence-based recommendations on cleansing practices, product selection, and environmental factors that contribute to vulvar irritation, as well as common allergens and irritants implicated in contact dermatitis. In addition, we discuss the indications for vulvar biopsy, emphasizing its role in distinguishing benign inflammatory conditions from premalignant or malignant processes. Specific biopsy techniques and procedural considerations are highlighted to ensure accurate histopathologic diagnosis and optimal patient outcomes. This guide provides clinicians with a practical framework for evaluating the vulva, integrating history-taking, physical examination, patient education, and diagnostic interventions to improve care for individuals presenting with vulvar complaints.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"86-92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146149337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Foreword: Update on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Vulvar Disease. 外阴疾病的诊断和治疗进展。
IF 1.4 4区 医学
Clinical obstetrics and gynecology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000990
Kelly Tyler
{"title":"Foreword: Update on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Vulvar Disease.","authors":"Kelly Tyler","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000000990","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000000990","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146028268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Foreword: Diabetes in Pregnancy. 妊娠期糖尿病。
IF 1.4 4区 医学
Clinical obstetrics and gynecology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000001013
Gianna Wilkie, Heidi Leftwich, Celeste Durnwald
{"title":"Foreword: Diabetes in Pregnancy.","authors":"Gianna Wilkie, Heidi Leftwich, Celeste Durnwald","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001013","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147590479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Less Common Vulvar Dermatologic Diseases. 不常见的外阴皮肤病。
IF 1.4 4区 医学
Clinical obstetrics and gynecology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-09 DOI: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000001007
Alexa Kassels, Makenna C Chapman, Amylee Sam, Christina Kraus
{"title":"Less Common Vulvar Dermatologic Diseases.","authors":"Alexa Kassels, Makenna C Chapman, Amylee Sam, Christina Kraus","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001007","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Less common vulvar dermatologic disorders discussed here can mimic infection, inflammatory dermatoses, and malignancy. This review outlines 4 entities clinicians should recognize. A pyogenic granuloma is a benign, rapidly growing vascular neoplasm that bleeds easily; excision is typically curative. Hidradenitis suppurativa causes recurrent nodules, sinus tracts, and scarring. Diagnosis is clinical with multimodal management using antibiotics, biologics, and surgery. Aphthous ulcers are a diagnosis of exclusion, with treatment centering on analgesia and anti-inflammatory therapy. Vulvar Crohn disease is rare, often diagnosed late, and managed with biopsy plus coordinated dermatology-gastroenterology care. Recognizing these dermatoses is imperative for timely diagnosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"145-154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147637966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contributors: Diabetes and Pregnancy. 作者：糖尿病和妊娠。
IF 1.4 4区 医学
Clinical obstetrics and gynecology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1097/01.grf.0001193516.10692.04
{"title":"Contributors: Diabetes and Pregnancy.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/01.grf.0001193516.10692.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.grf.0001193516.10692.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"69 2","pages":"vii-viii"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vulvodynia-A Painful Subject. 外阴痛——一个痛苦的话题。
IF 1.4 4区 医学
Clinical obstetrics and gynecology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000001001
Shirley Dong, Shantell Rolle, Susanne Taege
{"title":"Vulvodynia-A Painful Subject.","authors":"Shirley Dong, Shantell Rolle, Susanne Taege","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GRF.0000000000001001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vulvodynia is a condition characterized by chronic vulvar pain without an identifiable cause that can have far reaching impacts on women throughout their lifetime. Its pathophysiology is complex and not well understood, which contributes to the challenge in the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. This article reviews the existing vulvodynia literature with a focus on the clinical evaluation and treatment. It provides evidence for pharmacologic treatments, physical therapy, and surgical interventions. It highlights the need for future research to bring about better treatment options for this debilitating condition to improve quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"69 2","pages":"130-135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Common Vulvar Neoplasms-Benign and Malignant. 常见外阴肿瘤-良性和恶性。
IF 1.4 4区 医学
Clinical obstetrics and gynecology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-30 DOI: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000001003
Kelly Frasier, Alex Silberzweig, Pooja R Shah
{"title":"Common Vulvar Neoplasms-Benign and Malignant.","authors":"Kelly Frasier, Alex Silberzweig, Pooja R Shah","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001003","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Common vulvar neoplasms include benign lesions such as epidermal inclusion cysts, fibroepithelial polyps, and Bartholin gland tumors, as well as malignant entities including squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, extramammary Paget disease, and sarcomas. Benign growths can closely resemble malignant processes, creating diagnostic challenges, while malignant tumors are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Advances in histopathology, imaging, and molecular techniques have improved diagnostic precision and informed more individualized therapeutic strategies. Comprehensive understanding of benign and malignant vulvar neoplasms unites accurate classification with evidence-based management, enhancing diagnostic precision, guiding therapeutic decisions, and improving outcomes in vulvar disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"114-129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147572216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role of Early Anatomy Ultrasound and Fetal Echocardiography in the Screening and Detection of Anomalies in Diabetic Pregnancies. 早期解剖超声和胎儿超声心动图在糖尿病妊娠异常筛查和检测中的作用。
IF 1.4 4区 医学
Clinical obstetrics and gynecology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-09 DOI: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000001014
Matthew K Janssen
{"title":"Role of Early Anatomy Ultrasound and Fetal Echocardiography in the Screening and Detection of Anomalies in Diabetic Pregnancies.","authors":"Matthew K Janssen","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001014","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is well recognized that diabetes in pregnancy confers an increased risk of fetal anomalies compared with pregnancies without diabetes. The congenital anomaly rate nears the background population in pregnancies that achieve adequate periconception glycemic control. Appropriate diagnosis of anomalies is critical for improving outcomes and allows for the possibility for pregnancy interruption, if desired. There are multiple proposed workflows tailored to detect structural anomalies in pregnancies affected by diabetes. In this chapter, we describe the ability of prenatal ultrasound to detect congenital anomalies associated with diabetes in pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"178-184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147637899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Postpartum Care for Patients With Diabetes: A Comprehensive and Whole-Life Approach. 糖尿病患者的产后护理：一个全面和终身的方法。
IF 1.4 4区 医学
Clinical obstetrics and gynecology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-16 DOI: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000001015
Kimberly Z Huynh, Christina S Han
{"title":"Postpartum Care for Patients With Diabetes: A Comprehensive and Whole-Life Approach.","authors":"Kimberly Z Huynh, Christina S Han","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001015","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes in pregnancy is associated with increased risk of cardiometabolic syndrome, mood disorders, intimate partner violence, and additional sequelae. These risks may persist beyond the pregnancy into the postpartum period. Comprehensive management and counseling require an understanding of the physiology of the puerperium, types of potential complications, and evidence behind management options. This review will discuss evidence-based immediate postpartum management, the impact of lactation on diabetes, and the long-term and transgenerational impact of diabetes in pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"233-241"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147688562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pearls and Pitfalls of Treating Vulvar Disease. 治疗外阴疾病的要点与陷阱。
IF 1.4 4区 医学
Clinical obstetrics and gynecology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-10 DOI: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000001009
Hannah R Chang, Emma J Bova, Kalyani S Marathe
{"title":"Pearls and Pitfalls of Treating Vulvar Disease.","authors":"Hannah R Chang, Emma J Bova, Kalyani S Marathe","doi":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001009","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000001009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vulvar disease is a frequently overlooked aspect of patient care, as many patients experience delays in diagnosis and treatment due to stigma, improper application of therapies, and partially treated diseases. Hands-on experience and mentorship from experts are effective ways to establish familiarity with managing these conditions. This chapter highlights key pearls and common pitfalls in the evaluation and treatment of vulvar disease to help clinicians provide timely, effective, and patient-centered care.</p>","PeriodicalId":10415,"journal":{"name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"155-161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147643965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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