Soft Matter最新文献_第10页

Liquid crystalline collagen assemblies as substrates for directed alignment of human Schwann cells† 作为人类许旺细胞定向排列基质的液晶胶原蛋白组合体

IF 2.9 3区化学

Soft Matter Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1039/D4SM00534A

Homa Ghaiedi, Luis Carlos Pinzon Herrera, Saja Alshafeay, Leonard Harris, Jorge Almodovar and Karthik Nayani

{"title":"Liquid crystalline collagen assemblies as substrates for directed alignment of human Schwann cells†","authors":"Homa Ghaiedi, Luis Carlos Pinzon Herrera, Saja Alshafeay, Leonard Harris, Jorge Almodovar and Karthik Nayani","doi":"10.1039/D4SM00534A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4SM00534A","url":null,"abstract":"Collagen is a key component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and well-oriented domains of collagen are important for mimicking the local cell environment in vitro. While there has been significant attention directed towards the alignment of collagen, formation of large-scale oriented domains remains a key challenge. Type I collagen self-assembles to form liquid crystalline (LC) mesophases in acidic conditions at concentrations above 100 mg mL−1. The LC mesophase provides an efficient platform for large-scale alignment and patterning of collagen coated substrates. However, there still exist challenges related to solubilizing and processing of collagen at such high concentrations in order to replicate the native ECM. In this contribution, we report on centimeter-scale alignment in collagen-coated glass substrates using solutions that are well below the LC-forming concentrations. Importantly, we are also able to extend this method to macroscopic 3-D LC-collagen hydrogels with programmed anisotropy within them to create a mimic of the native ECM. We show that the orientation and aspect ratio of human Schwann cells are strongly coupled with the alignment of the collagen substrate/hydrogel. We use a simple model to estimate the critical magnetic field strength needed for a given concentration of collagen to permit macroscopic alignment-enabling guidance for future studies on alignment of collagen at high concentrations.","PeriodicalId":103,"journal":{"name":"Soft Matter","volume":" 45","pages":" 8997-9006"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142566571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of active agent motility on SIRS epidemiological dynamics 活性病原体运动对 SIRS 流行动态的影响。

IF 2.9 3区化学

Soft Matter Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1039/D4SM00864B

R. Kailasham and Aditya S. Khair

{"title":"The influence of active agent motility on SIRS epidemiological dynamics","authors":"R. Kailasham and Aditya S. Khair","doi":"10.1039/D4SM00864B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4SM00864B","url":null,"abstract":"Active Brownian disks moving in two dimensions that exchange information about their internal state stochastically are chosen to model epidemic spread in a self-propelled population of agents under the susceptible-infected-recovered-susceptible (SIRS) framework. The state of infection of an agent, or disk, governs its self-propulsion speed; consequently, the activity of the agents in the system varies in time. Two different protocols (one-to-one and one-to-many) are considered for the transmission of disease from the infected to susceptible populations. The effectiveness of the two protocols are practically identical at high values of the infection transmission rate. The one-to-many protocol, however, outperforms the one-to-one protocol at lower values of the infection transmission rate. Salient features of the macroscopic SIRS model are revisited, and compared to predictions from the agent-based model. Lastly, the motility induced phase separation in a population of such agents with a fluctuating fraction of active disks is found to be well-described by theories governing phase separation in a mixture of active and passive particles with a constant fraction of passive disks.","PeriodicalId":103,"journal":{"name":"Soft Matter","volume":" 46","pages":" 9193-9207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/sm/d4sm00864b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Percolation transitions in a binary mixture of active Brownian particles with different softness† 具有不同软度的活性布朗粒子二元混合物中的渗流转变。

IF 2.9 3区化学

Soft Matter Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1039/D4SM00981A

Monika Sanoria, Raghunath Chelakkot and Amitabha Nandi

{"title":"Percolation transitions in a binary mixture of active Brownian particles with different softness†","authors":"Monika Sanoria, Raghunath Chelakkot and Amitabha Nandi","doi":"10.1039/D4SM00981A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4SM00981A","url":null,"abstract":"Homogeneous active Brownian particle (ABP) systems with purely repulsive interactions are considered to exhibit a simple phase behavior, but various physical attributes of active entities can lead to variation in the collective dynamics. Recent studies have shown that even homogeneous ABPs exhibit complex behavior due to an interplay between particle softness and motility. However, the heterogeneity in the composition of ABPs has not been explored yet. In this paper, we study the structural properties of a binary mixture of ABPs with different particle softness by varying the relative softness and composition. We found that upon varying the motility parameter, the system underwent a motility-induced phase separation (MIPS) followed by a percolation transition similar to the homogeneous systems. However, we observed a novel feature: the formation of a space-filling structure made of particles with higher stiffness, within the dense cluster of MIPS containing both types of particles. Our systematic analysis shows that this structure formation occurs only if the difference in softness of both types of particles is sufficiently large. Furthermore, the presence of a non-linear scaling for different compositions of binary ABPs suggests that there is a complex relationship between the composition and the structural properties. Our study demonstrates that the composition heterogeneity of ABPs can lead to complex phase behavior.","PeriodicalId":103,"journal":{"name":"Soft Matter","volume":" 46","pages":" 9184-9192"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced gravitational trapping of bottom-heavy Janus particles over parallel microgrooves 在平行微槽上增强底重 Janus 粒子的引力捕获。

IF 2.9 3区化学

Soft Matter Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1039/D4SM00989D

Yan Wen, Jiayu Liu, Wei Wang, Pik-Yin Lai and Penger Tong

{"title":"Enhanced gravitational trapping of bottom-heavy Janus particles over parallel microgrooves","authors":"Yan Wen, Jiayu Liu, Wei Wang, Pik-Yin Lai and Penger Tong","doi":"10.1039/D4SM00989D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4SM00989D","url":null,"abstract":"We report a systematic study on the barrier-crossing dynamics of bottom-heavy self-propelled particles (SPPs) over a one-dimensional periodic potential landscape U0(x), which is fabricated on a microgroove-patterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate. From the measured steady-state probability density function (PDF) P(x;F0) of the SPPs with different self-propulsion forces F0, we find that the escape dynamics of slow-rotating SPPs over the periodic potential U0(x) can be well described by an activity-dependent potential Ũ0(x;F0) under the fixed angle approximation. A theoretical model is developed to include the effects of the gravitational-torque-induced alignment on the polar angle θ and the hydrodynamic wall alignment on the azimuthal angle φ as well as their influence on the self-propulsion speed v0. By introducing a proper average of the activity-dependent potential Ũ0(x;F0) over all possible particle orientations, our model explains the enhanced trapping effect on the bottom-heavy Janus particles. The obtained theoretical results are in good agreement with both the experimental and active Brownian particle simulation results. This work thus provides a thermodynamics description of the non-equilibrium barrier crossing of the Janus particles with nonuniform angular distributions over periodic potentials.","PeriodicalId":103,"journal":{"name":"Soft Matter","volume":" 46","pages":" 9208-9218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Src kinase slows collective rotation of confined epithelial cell monolayers† Src激酶可减缓封闭上皮细胞单层的集体旋转。

IF 2.9 3区化学

Soft Matter Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1039/D4SM00827H

Nastassia Pricoupenko, Flavia Marsigliesi, Philippe Marcq, Carles Blanch-Mercader and Isabelle Bonnet

{"title":"Src kinase slows collective rotation of confined epithelial cell monolayers†","authors":"Nastassia Pricoupenko, Flavia Marsigliesi, Philippe Marcq, Carles Blanch-Mercader and Isabelle Bonnet","doi":"10.1039/D4SM00827H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4SM00827H","url":null,"abstract":"Collective cell migration is key during development, wound healing, and metastasis and relies on coordinated cell behaviors at the group level. Src kinase is a key signalling protein for the physiological functions of epithelia, as it regulates many cellular processes, including adhesion, motility, and mechanotransduction. Its overactivation is associated with cancer aggressiveness. Here, we take advantage of optogenetics to precisely control Src activation in time and show that its pathological-like activation slows the collective rotation of epithelial cells confined into circular adhesive patches. We interpret velocity, force, and stress data during period of non-activation and period of activation of Src thanks to a hydrodynamic description of the cell assembly as a polar active fluid. Src activation leads to a 2-fold decrease in the ratio of polar angle to friction, which could result from increased adhesiveness at the cell–substrate interface. Measuring internal stress allows us to show that active stresses are subdominant compared to traction forces. Our work reveals the importance of fine-tuning the level of Src activity for coordinated collective behaviors.","PeriodicalId":103,"journal":{"name":"Soft Matter","volume":" 46","pages":" 9273-9285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The thickness-dependent response of aerosol-jet-printed ultrathin high-aspect-ratio electrochemical microactuators† 气溶胶喷射打印超薄高宽比电化学微执行器的厚度依赖性响应

IF 2.9 3区化学

Soft Matter Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1039/D4SM00886C

Ji Zhang, Jeremy J. Baumberg and Sohini Kar-Narayan

{"title":"The thickness-dependent response of aerosol-jet-printed ultrathin high-aspect-ratio electrochemical microactuators†","authors":"Ji Zhang, Jeremy J. Baumberg and Sohini Kar-Narayan","doi":"10.1039/D4SM00886C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4SM00886C","url":null,"abstract":"Trilayer electrochemical actuators comprising an electrolyte layer sandwiched between two electrode layers have been shown to exhibit large deformations at low actuation voltages. Here we report the aerosol-jet printing (AJP) of high-aspect-ratio bending-type trilayer electrochemical microactuators comprised of Nafion as the electrolyte and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as the electrode. We investigated how the thicknesses of the electrolyte and electrode layers affect the DC response of these actuators by fabricating high-aspect-ratio trilayer cantilevers with varied layer thicknesses (0.36 μm to 1.9 μm-thick electrodes, and 3.5 μm to 12 μm-thick electrolyte layers). We found that the transported charge and angular deflection are proportional to the applied voltage at steady state, and the charge-to-voltage ratio scales with the PEDOT:PSS thickness. The deflection-to-voltage ratio is found to be strongly affected by the Nafion electrolyte thickness, showing a decreasing trend, but is less affected by the PEDOT:PSS thickness in the range of dimensions fabricated. The timescales for deflection are found to be generally longer than the timescales for charge transfer and no clear trend is observed with respect to layer thicknesses. This work establishes an experimental protocol in geometry optimisation of printed electrochemical microactuators, verifies the applicability of a theoretical model, and lays the groundwork for designing and optimising more sophisticated printed electrochemical microactuation systems.","PeriodicalId":103,"journal":{"name":"Soft Matter","volume":" 47","pages":" 9424-9433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coupled dynamics in binary mixtures of model colloidal Yukawa systems† 模型胶体育川系统二元混合物中的耦合动力学。

IF 2.9 3区化学

Soft Matter Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1039/D4SM01123F

Daniel Weidig and Joachim Wagner

引用次数: 0

Modeling nematic phase main-chain liquid crystal elastomer synthesis, mechanics, and thermal actuation via coarse-grained molecular dynamics 通过粗粒度分子动力学模拟向列相主链液晶弹性体的合成、力学和热致动。

IF 2.9 3区化学

Soft Matter Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1039/D4SM00528G

Nicolas Herard, Raja Annapooranan, Todd Henry, Martin Kröger, Shengqiang Cai, Nicholas Boechler and Yelena Sliozberg

{"title":"Modeling nematic phase main-chain liquid crystal elastomer synthesis, mechanics, and thermal actuation via coarse-grained molecular dynamics","authors":"Nicolas Herard, Raja Annapooranan, Todd Henry, Martin Kröger, Shengqiang Cai, Nicholas Boechler and Yelena Sliozberg","doi":"10.1039/D4SM00528G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4SM00528G","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation study of the synthesis, mechanics, and thermal actuation of nematic phase main-chain liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs), a type of soft, temperature-responsive, polymeric actuating material. The simulations herein model the crosslinking, mechanical stretching, and additional crosslinking synthesis process, following which, the simulated LCE exhibits a direction-dependent thermal actuation and mechanical response. The thermal actuation response shows good qualitative agreement with experimental results, including the variation of a global order parameter that describes the orientation of the mesogen domains comprising the LCE. The mechanical response due to applied deformation shows less agreement, but manifests the key features observed in experiments on LCEs, namely soft strain and hyperelasticity that is present when loaded perpendicularly and in-line, respectively, to the mesogen alignment direction. We also present a topological analysis of the simulated LCEs, which, in conjunction with the simulated thermomechanical responses, allows us to infer the relative contribution of entanglements and chemical crosslinks on those responses. We suggest that the model proposed herein will help enable improved LCE formulations via mechanistic insights that can be gained via the use of such a relatively computationally inexpensive coarse-grained molecular dynamics model, which may be of further value to application areas including soft robotics, bio-mimicking devices, artificial muscles, and adaptive materials.","PeriodicalId":103,"journal":{"name":"Soft Matter","volume":" 46","pages":" 9219-9231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retraction: Supramolecular organic nanotubes: how to utilize the inner nanospace and the outer space 撤回：超分子有机纳米管：如何利用内部纳米空间和外部空间

IF 2.9 3区化学

Soft Matter Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1039/D4SM90172J

Naohiro Kameta, Hiroyuki Minamikawa and Mitsutoshi Masuda

引用次数: 0

Morphology and line tension of twist disclinations in a nematic liquid crystal† 向列液晶中扭曲披露的形态和线张力。

IF 2.9 3区化学

Soft Matter Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1039/D4SM01076K

Yihao Chen, Mina Mandić, Charlotte G. Slaughter, Michio Tanaka, James M. Kikkawa, Peter J. Collings and A. G. Yodh

{"title":"Morphology and line tension of twist disclinations in a nematic liquid crystal†","authors":"Yihao Chen, Mina Mandić, Charlotte G. Slaughter, Michio Tanaka, James M. Kikkawa, Peter J. Collings and A. G. Yodh","doi":"10.1039/D4SM01076K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4SM01076K","url":null,"abstract":"We deploy optical microscopy with and without an applied magnetic field to characterize the three-dimensional morphology and measure the line tension of twist disclinations in twisted nematic liquid crystal (LC) sample cells. Twist disclinations are generated by quenching the LC, 5CB (4-cyano-4′-pentylbiphenyl), into the nematic phase; 5CB is confined between substrates with in-plane anchoring directions perpendicular to one another. The disclinations form loops separating domains of opposite twist handedness. Many segments of these loops are pinned to the substrates, and the ends of some pinned segments connect to free disclination segments that penetrate into the bulk nematic. We use confocal microscopy to measure the profiles of these free disclinations and test theoretical predictions about their shape, yielding a lower bound of ∼32 nm for the disclination core radius. We then use an applied magnetic field to deform the free disclinations into circular arcs whose curvature increases with magnetic field strength and depends on the field-induced energy difference between opposite twist domains. The line tension of the disclinations is derived from an energy-balance equation that relates disclination curvature to magnetic field. The measured line tension increases logarithmically with sample cell thickness; it ranges from 75 to 200 pN in samples with thickness spanning from 6 to 27 μm. In total, the investigation introduces new non-invasive methodologies for studies of defects in LCs, and it provides new information about the line tension and character of isolated twist disclinations, thereby testing theory and laying experimental foundation for the study of ensembles of disclinations.","PeriodicalId":103,"journal":{"name":"Soft Matter","volume":" 45","pages":" 9050-9059"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/sm/d4sm01076k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0