A B M Kamrul-Hasan, Joseph M Pappachan, Lakshmi Nagendra, Hamid Ashraf, Deep Dutta, Saptarshi Bhattacharya, Nitin Kapoor
{"title":"Metabolic outcomes of bariatric surgery versus lifestyle intervention in adolescents with severe obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"A B M Kamrul-Hasan, Joseph M Pappachan, Lakshmi Nagendra, Hamid Ashraf, Deep Dutta, Saptarshi Bhattacharya, Nitin Kapoor","doi":"10.1111/cob.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cob.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Data from clinical trials evaluating the effectiveness and safety of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) compared to lifestyle modifications (LSM) in children and adolescents with obesity are scarce. This systematic review and meta-analysis (SRM) sought to fill this knowledge gap. Randomised or non-randomised trials spanning at least one-year involving children and adolescents with severe obesity receiving any form of MBS in the intervention group and LSM for weight loss in the control group were systematically searched through electronic databases. This SRM adhered to the guidelines outlined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the PRISMA checklists. The primary outcome of interest was the change in body weight from the baseline. Five trials (three randomised, open-label and two non-randomised) with 1-2 years follow-up durations were analysed, including 367 participants aged 10-19 years. MBS resulted in greater reductions in body weight (mean difference [MD] -25.83 kg, 95% confidence interval [CI] [-36.91, -14.75], p < .00001) and per cent body weight (MD -24.54%, 95% CI [-33.19, -15.89], p < .00001) compared to LSM. Furthermore, MBS outperformed LSM in reducing body mass index (BMI), BMI z-score, waist circumference, glycated haemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and an overall improvement of physical functioning and quality of life. The safety profile was comparable between the two groups; however, data was scarce. Larger, longer-term trials that include multinational and multiethnic representation are essential for making solid clinical practice recommendations regarding MBS for children with obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10399,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70008"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maya E Joseph, Nisha Mathews, Lydia H Albuquerque, Peter Chen
{"title":"An exploration of self-perception of weight status, weight-related variables, and preferences for weight management strategies among South Asians in the US.","authors":"Maya E Joseph, Nisha Mathews, Lydia H Albuquerque, Peter Chen","doi":"10.1111/cob.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cob.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the relationships between self-perception of weight status, weight-related variables, and weight management preferences of South Asians (SA) to assist in building culturally tailored interventions for obesity management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study. The sample consisted of 272 South Asians over 18 years of age. Data analyses included descriptive and inferential statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on ethnic-specific BMI criteria, 88.6% of participants were overweight/obese, and 53.5% had abdominal obesity. Among participants, 37% misperceived their weight status. Older individuals had lower chances of accepting weight loss medications (OR = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.94-0.99), while overweight/obese participants had lower odds of accepting weight management surgery (OR = 0.34, 95%CI: 0.13-0.85). The odds of accepting medication therapy were higher if the healthcare provider discussed weight status with them (OR = 1.84, 95% CI:1.06-3.21). Finally, compared to their counterparts, men, those with overweight/obesity, and those with abdominal obesity had 66%, 65%, and 49% lower odds of accurately perceiving their weight status, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the high prevalence of overweight and obesity, the misperceptions of weight status, the need for provider involvement in care, and the specific subgroups of SAs with more misperceptions of weight status.</p>","PeriodicalId":10399,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70007"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rebecca L Pearl, Laurie C Groshon, Marian Hernandez, Caroline Bach, Erica M LaFata, Hannah F Fitterman-Harris, Dakota L Leget, Miriam Sheynblyum, Thomas A Wadden
{"title":"Characterising first, recent and worst experiences of weight stigma in a clinical sample of adults with high body weight and high internalised stigma.","authors":"Rebecca L Pearl, Laurie C Groshon, Marian Hernandez, Caroline Bach, Erica M LaFata, Hannah F Fitterman-Harris, Dakota L Leget, Miriam Sheynblyum, Thomas A Wadden","doi":"10.1111/cob.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cob.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research aimed to systematically characterise experiences of weight stigma and their impacts among weight-loss treatment-seeking adults with high body weight and high levels of internalised weight stigma. Participants recruited for two clinical trials completed a semi-structured interview about weight stigma (Study 1 n = 84, M<sub>age</sub> = 47.8 ± 11.2 years, 83.3% women, 67.9% Black; Study 2 n = 129, M<sub>age</sub> = 50.0 ± 12.2 years, 88.4% women, 65.1% White). Study 1 focused on first and most recent experiences of weight-based teasing, bullying, discrimination and unfair treatment, and Study 2 focused on the worst examples of these experiences; participants in both studies also identified their overall worst experiences. Participants reported the age at which the experiences occurred and rated (1-5) how upsetting they were. Interview responses were coded for interpersonal sources of weight stigma and impacts of these experiences. Across studies, weight teasing was the most commonly reported experience of weight stigma and the most frequently identified worst experience. Family members were the most commonly identified interpersonal source of weight stigma. Weight stigma experiences were reported across the lifespan and were predominantly described as having negative emotional impacts. Findings provide insights into the types and characteristics of weight stigma experiences that may contribute to the internalisation of this stigma and other adverse consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":10399,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70005"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Patient and professional perceptions for long-term success: Developing a framework for bariatric surgery care in Portugal.","authors":"Cláudia Mendes, Manuel Carvalho, João Gregório","doi":"10.1111/cob.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cob.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A multidisciplinary health team for perioperative care of the bariatric patient, sustained in a viable framework, may provide a comprehensive bariatric surgery process analysis. This study aimed to analyse patients' and professionals' experiences with the perioperative care process and identify their perceptions of the bariatric surgery process to support the long-term management of obesity surgical treatment. This study also wants to develop a framework to sustain a long-term follow-up. This qualitative study was conducted in July 2022 at a bariatric surgery centre in southern Portugal, comprising four focus group sessions. Participants included seven health professionals in one focus group and 16 patients divided across three focus groups. Patients were selected based on specific criteria, including those awaiting bariatric surgery and those who had undergone surgery within the past 1 to 5 years. The patient focus group script consisted of 11 open-ended main questions with follow-up prompts to explore motivations, experiences with the presurgery and postsurgery processes and perceptions of lifestyle changes. Sessions lasted between 40 and 70 min. Participants reported the need for a reference professional in the hospital to contact, the importance of psychological support to help patients deal with the 'ups and downs' of postsurgery life and the financial support for physical activity programmes. This research helped identify a need for a framework for long-term follow-up and showed priorities to tailor health services for managing bariatric surgery patients. This team should be led by a dedicated case manager and include physical activity specialists.</p>","PeriodicalId":10399,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70004"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143522744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stuart W Flint, Ezra Goldberg, Mohammad Kaykanloo, Stuart Sherman, Duncan Radley, Sarah R Kingsbury, Louisa Ells
{"title":"Is personality associated with the lived experience of the NHS England low calorie diet programme: A pilot study.","authors":"Stuart W Flint, Ezra Goldberg, Mohammad Kaykanloo, Stuart Sherman, Duncan Radley, Sarah R Kingsbury, Louisa Ells","doi":"10.1111/cob.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cob.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This pilot study explored the use of a novel behavioural artificial intelligence (AI) tool to examine whether personality is associated with the lived experience of the NHS England launched a low calorie diet (LCD). A cross-sectional survey was disseminated to service users to gather data on emotional wellbeing, physical activity, pain, motivation to manage diabetes, motivation to lose weight, rating of total diet replacement (TDR) products and frequency of using fibre supplements. The scaled insights behavioural AI tool was used to infer personality traits from service users' language construction, and in doing so, examine associations with the outcomes indicated above. Findings show that service users can be profiled by personality, and this can provide a method of understanding programme outcomes. Three clusters of personality traits were identified. Despite this, there was no association between personality features and emotional wellbeing, physical activity, pain, motivation to manage diabetes, motivation to lose weight, rating of TDR products and frequency of using fibre supplements. As the self-selected sample size was limited, future research should examine the use of behavioural AI tools and personality using larger and longitudinal samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":10399,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70003"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143499531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Firas Bahdi, Sagar Shah, Fadi Dahoud, Maryam Farooq, Philip Kozan, Stephen Kim, Alireza Sedarat, Na Shen, Adarsh Thaker, Jennifer M Kolb, Erik Dutson, V Raman Muthusamy, Danny Issa
{"title":"Revisional endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty versus semaglutide and tirzepatide for weight recidivism after sleeve gastrectomy.","authors":"Firas Bahdi, Sagar Shah, Fadi Dahoud, Maryam Farooq, Philip Kozan, Stephen Kim, Alireza Sedarat, Na Shen, Adarsh Thaker, Jennifer M Kolb, Erik Dutson, V Raman Muthusamy, Danny Issa","doi":"10.1111/cob.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cob.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Weight recidivism following sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is common. Adjuvant treatments include new glucagon-like peptide 1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor agonists (GLP1/GIP-RA) or revisional endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (R-ESG). We here compare the outcomes of these treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study of patients ≥18 years with prior SG treated with semaglutide, tirzepatide or R-ESG for weight recidivism between January 2019 and 2023 at large academic centre. Primary outcomes were total body weight loss (TBWL) and adverse events (AEs). Secondary outcomes were changes in metabolic parameters. Tertiary outcome was to compare GLP1/GIP-RA outcomes in SG patients to matched patients with intact stomach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study included 68 (prior SG + GLP1/GIP-RA) and 22 (prior SG + R-ESG). R-ESG offered higher TBWL% than GLP1/GIP-RA at 3 (11.2% vs. 4.3%, p < .001), 6 (13.5% vs. 6.8%, p < .001) and 12 months (13.4% vs. 9.2%, p = .07) with no significant difference in AEs or change in metabolic parameters. On subgroup analysis, tirzepatide achieved similar 12-months TBWL% as R-ESG (13.2% vs. 13.4%, p = .9) and significantly more than semaglutide (13.2% vs. 8.1%, p = .04). Compared to patients with intact stomach (n = 87), GLP1/GIP-RA achieved significantly lower TBWL% in patients with prior SG at 3 (4.3% vs. 5.7%, p = .02), 6 (6.8% vs. 9.2%, p = .02) and 12 months (9.2% vs. 12.7%, p = .03). Medication refills were difficult in 41.3% of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a single-centre real-world experience study, R-ESG and tirzepatide appear to offer more weight loss than semaglutide in SG patients with weight recidivism although GLP1/GIP-RA were underdosed. GLP1/GIP-RA achieved higher weight loss in patients with intact stomach than those with prior SG.</p>","PeriodicalId":10399,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70001"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Change in glucose, insulin and serum lipids due to ultra-processed food consumption in children with obesity.","authors":"Caroline Cortes, Joana Maia Brandão, Diana Barbosa Cunha, Vitor Barreto Paravidino, Rosely Sichieri","doi":"10.1111/cob.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cob.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and chronic non-communicable diseases in adults is well-established, its relationship with serum markers of chronic diseases in children remains underexplored. This research investigates changes in serum markers in children with obesity during a trial aimed at reducing UPF consumption. The study is a prospective cohort, based on a parallel randomized controlled trial conducted between August 2018 and February 2020, with children aged 7-12 years. Over 6 months, children and their guardians attended monthly consultations and educational activities aimed at reducing UPF consumption. Body weight, height, and 24-h dietary recall were measured at all visits. Serum markers were collected at baseline and at the 2- and 5-month visit (during the intervention). Data from 95 children were analysed. Body mass index (BMI), UPF consumption in grams and energy, and percentage of UPF in grams showed a quadratic trend, initially decreasing, followed by an increase in the following months. Glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR decreased throughout the study, but after adjustment for BMI, the associations no longer persisted, except for glucose levels, which decreased linearly by 2.25 mg/dL. Reducing UPF consumption may lower blood glucose levels in children with obesity, independent of BMI changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10399,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70000"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew Cali, Deepali K Ernest, Luyu Xie, Jeffrey N Schellinger, M Sunil Mathew, Aparajita Chandrasekhar, Jane Guo, Gloria L Vega, Sarah E Messiah, Jaime P Almandoz
{"title":"Binge eating behaviours are associated with recurrent weight gain after metabolic and bariatric surgery.","authors":"Matthew Cali, Deepali K Ernest, Luyu Xie, Jeffrey N Schellinger, M Sunil Mathew, Aparajita Chandrasekhar, Jane Guo, Gloria L Vega, Sarah E Messiah, Jaime P Almandoz","doi":"10.1111/cob.12735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cob.12735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recurrent weight gain (RWG) is a major post-operative challenge among metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) patients. Binge eating behaviours (BEB) and food addiction (FA) have been identified as significant predictors of post-MBS RWG. However, limited research has investigated their independent associations with post-MBS RWG.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study collected data via a self-reported questionnaire of post-MBS patient demographics and eating behaviours from a single-site academic obesity medicine program. The Binge Eating Scale and Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 collected data on BEB and FA exposure variables, respectively. ANOVA/chi-square tests determined bivariate associations with BEB and FA, while multivariable logistic regression models examined independent adjusted associations of BEB and FA with RWG% cut-offs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 294 MBS patients (90.48% female, and 51.71% non-Hispanic white), 42.3% had BEB, 12.55% had severe FA, 7.36% moderate FA, and 7.36% mild FA. After adjustment, BEB was significantly associated with all magnitudes of post-MBS RWG, with the highest odds observed at 50% RWG [OR = 3.07; 95% CI: 1.45, 6.49; p = 0.003]. FA was not significantly associated with post-MBS RWG.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results showed that BEB, but not FA, was associated with post-MBS RWG. MBS patient support teams should consider screening for BEB at post-MBS visits.</p>","PeriodicalId":10399,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e12735"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relevance of body weight adaptation and modern obesity-defining parameters in the analysis of isokinetic trunk strength in people with obesity - A retrospective analysis.","authors":"Daniel Geissler, Andreas Lison, Christoph Schulze","doi":"10.1111/cob.12736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cob.12736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pathologic values of body mass index (BMI), body weight, and waist circumference correlate with higher absolute and lower relative trunk strength. Whether waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) is appropriate for showing trunk strength differences in people with obesity and whether a continuous linear relationship exists between the increase in obesity and trunk strength is unknown. This retrospective cross-sectional study included 1174 subjects (1114 men and 60 women). Measured values included body weight, height, waist circumference, WHtR, BMI, and both absolute and body weight-adapted trunk flexor/extensor strength. Statistical analyses included t-tests, Welch tests, Pearson correlations, mixed-linear, and nonlinear regression analyses. Positive correlations with absolute trunk strength were found in subjects without obesity for all anthropometric parameters except WHtR. Weaker positive and partly negative correlation and linear regression coefficients were found in subjects with obesity. Nonlinear relationships were found between age, BMI, WHtR, and absolute respective body weight-adapted trunk strength. The relationship between obesity-defining measures/ indices and trunk strength is non-linear. Increasing BMI, waist circumference, or WHtR above cut-off values known from cardiovascular research is linked to a decrease or weaker increase in trunk strength. Body weight adaptation is recommended to avoid misinterpretation of apparently good absolute trunk strength values in people with obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10399,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e12736"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maiar Elhariry, Pranav Iyer, Nadya Isack, Bernado Sousa, Pushpa Singh, Sally Abbott, Tom Wiggins, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Srikanth Bellary, Stuart W Flint, Dimitri J Pournaras, Jonathan M Hazlehurst
{"title":"Variation in the commissioning of specialist weight management services and bariatric surgery across England: Results of a freedom of information-based mapping exercise across the 42 integrated Care Systems of England.","authors":"Maiar Elhariry, Pranav Iyer, Nadya Isack, Bernado Sousa, Pushpa Singh, Sally Abbott, Tom Wiggins, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Srikanth Bellary, Stuart W Flint, Dimitri J Pournaras, Jonathan M Hazlehurst","doi":"10.1111/cob.12731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cob.12731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Specialist weight management services including bariatric surgery are commissioned within regions of England called Integrated Care Systems (ICSs) with eligibility and treatment guidelines determined as part of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance. Reported variation in commissioning and bariatric surgery eligibility criteria has not been previously mapped. Freedom of Information (FOI) requests provide a tool, supported by legislation, to ask questions of public authorities including ICSs such that they must respond accurately. FOIs were sent to all 42 ICSs in England asking 4 questions aiming to establish whether there is variation in the commissioning of specialist weight management services and the eligibility criteria for bariatric surgery across England. Responses were presented descriptively and mapped across England. Responses were received from 41 out of 42 ICSs, with 34 reporting that they provide commissioned medical weight management programmes and 38 funding bariatric surgery. Thirteen reported using criteria that were not compliant with NICE guidance. A large area of the country centred around the East of England does not have a bariatric unit reducing access to care. There is significant geographical variation in the availability of both bariatric and specialist medical weight management services across England, with large portions of the country without local access to a service or no service at all. Where services are available, there is significant inconsistency in eligibility for bariatric surgery despite nationally available guidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":10399,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e12731"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}