Liam Townsend , Jean Dunne , Jacklyn Sui , Carla Sanchez Perez , Matt McElheron , Cian Reid , William McCormack , Colm Bergin , Catherine Fleming , Cliona O'Farrelly , Gareth Brady , PRECISE Steering group, Niall Conlon
{"title":"Immune response in vaccinated healthcare workers with frequent COVID-19 infections is characterised by blunted IFNγ and IL-2 responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants","authors":"Liam Townsend , Jean Dunne , Jacklyn Sui , Carla Sanchez Perez , Matt McElheron , Cian Reid , William McCormack , Colm Bergin , Catherine Fleming , Cliona O'Farrelly , Gareth Brady , PRECISE Steering group, Niall Conlon","doi":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite widespread vaccination, some HCWs develop frequent symptomatic infection. We hypothesised that HCWs with frequent symptomatic COVID-19 have impaired T and B cell mediated immunity to SARS-CoV-2.</div><div>Vaccinated HCWs with no prior COVID infection (<em>n</em> = 9), asymptomatic recent infection (<em>n</em> = 10), and frequent recent infection (<em>n</em> = 15) were recruited from a longitudinal HCW cohort study. Whole blood stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 variants (Wuhan, B.1.617, BA.2, BA.2.75, BA.4/5, XBB.1.5, BQ.1.1) was performed, with IFNγ and IL-2 responses, total IgG produced, and anti-Spike antibody neutralising capacity measured.</div><div>Frequent infections had similar IFNγ and IL-2 responses to the never infected group, with significantly higher responses in the asymptomatic group. The frequent cohort had higher IgG responses to Delta and BA.4/5 and higher neutralising capacity against Omicron variants. An immune signature of blunted IL-2 and IFNγ in frequent infections may identify HCWs at increased risk of further infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10392,"journal":{"name":"Clinical immunology","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 110371"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CXCL5 inhibition improves kidney function by protecting renal tubular epithelial cells in diabetic kidney disease","authors":"Ching Chen , Liang-Yu Lin , Yen-Wen Wu , Jaw-Wen Chen , Ting-Ting Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inflammation is one of exacerbating factors of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Upregulated CXCL5 is found in clinical and experimental diabetes studies. This study aimed to investigate the impact and mechanism of CXCL5 on DKD. DKD patients with different levels of urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio were enrolled. Lepr<sup>db/db</sup> mice and CXCL5-knockout diabetic mice were used as mouse models for DKD. Human renal tubular epithelial cells were used for in vitro experiments. Circulating CXCL5 were increased in DKD patients compared to the non-DKD subjects. CXCL5 inhibition through CXCL5-neutralizing antibodies or genetic knockout improved kidney function and ameliorated tubular injury and renal fibrosis. In high-glucose-stimulated tubular epithelial cells, administration of CXCL5-neutralizing antibodies or siRNA resulted in reduced phospho-JNK/c-JUN/p65 and the downstream inflammatory, fibrotic, and apoptotic protein expressions. Administration of CXCR2 and JNK inhibitors impeded the CXCL5-induced tubular epithelial cell damages. In conclusion, these findings indicated that anti-CXCL5 strategies may be potential treatments for DKD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10392,"journal":{"name":"Clinical immunology","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 110369"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lisa U. Teufel , Vasiliki Matzaraki , Lukas Folkman , Rob ter Horst , Simone J.C.F.M. Moorlag , Catharina M. Mulders-Manders , Mihai G. Netea , Thomas Krausgruber , Leo A.B. Joosten , Rob J.W. Arts
{"title":"Insights into the multifaceted role of interleukin-37 on human immune cell regulation","authors":"Lisa U. Teufel , Vasiliki Matzaraki , Lukas Folkman , Rob ter Horst , Simone J.C.F.M. Moorlag , Catharina M. Mulders-Manders , Mihai G. Netea , Thomas Krausgruber , Leo A.B. Joosten , Rob J.W. Arts","doi":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autoinflammatory diseases, while having a variety of underlying causes, are mediated by dysfunctional innate immune responses. Therefore, standard treatments target innate cytokines or block their receptors. Despite excellent responses in some patients, first-line treatments fail in others, for reasons which remain to be understood.</div><div>We studied the effects of IL-37, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, on immune cells using multi-omics profiling of 325 healthy adults. Our findings show that IL-37 is associated with inflammation control and generally reduced immune cell activity. Further, genetic variants in <em>IL37</em> are associated with impaired trained immunity, a memory phenotype of innate immune cells contributing to autoinflammation. To underpin the medical potential of IL-37, an explorative cohort of seven autoinflammatory disorders was built. <em>In vitro</em> stimulation experiments argue for recombinant IL-37 as a potential therapy in IL-6-, and IL-22-driven conditions.</div><div>Concluding, IL-37 is highlighted as a cytokine with broad anti-inflammatory functions, implicating its potential as therapeutic intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10392,"journal":{"name":"Clinical immunology","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 110368"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521661624004777/pdfft?md5=4e2014b2c0acbcfe8b52c99b9a034331&pid=1-s2.0-S1521661624004777-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transcriptomic studies unravel the molecular and cellular complexity of systemic lupus erythematosus: A review","authors":"Frank Qingyun Wang, Xiao Dang, Wanling Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transcriptomic analysis plays a vital role in investigating Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), a complex autoimmune disease characterized by diverse clinical manifestations. This approach has yielded valuable insights into gene expression patterns and molecular regulatory mechanisms involved in SLE pathogenesis. Notably, interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) signatures are significantly upregulated in immune cells, skin, and kidney. Although a correlation with serological parameters and clinical symptoms has been proposed, the association with global disease activities remains controversial. Key findings in the field include an upregulated plasmablast signature, which positively correlates with disease activity; a neutrophil signature associated with lupus nephritis; and a decreased lymphocyte signature, reflecting lymphopenia. Tissue-level studies highlight the critical role of infiltrating immune cells in organ damage. Future research should leverage advanced technologies and integrate multi-omics data to deepen our understanding of SLE's molecular underpinnings, facilitating the development of targeted therapies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10392,"journal":{"name":"Clinical immunology","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 110367"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mary Ann Miranda , Athanasios Tsalatsanis , Jessica R. Trotter , Danielle E. Arnold , Jacqueline D. Squire , Sharon Kidd , Suhag Parikh , Rebecca A. Marsh , Linda M. Griffith , Kanwaldeep Mallhi , Deepak Chellapandian , Stephanie Si Lim , Eyal Grunebaum , Kathleen E. Sullivan , Peter E. Newburger , Mary C. Dinauer , Morton J. Cowan , Christopher C. Dvorak , Elie Haddad , Donald B. Kohn , Jennifer W. Leiding
{"title":"High symptom burden in female X-linked chronic granulomatous disease carriers","authors":"Mary Ann Miranda , Athanasios Tsalatsanis , Jessica R. Trotter , Danielle E. Arnold , Jacqueline D. Squire , Sharon Kidd , Suhag Parikh , Rebecca A. Marsh , Linda M. Griffith , Kanwaldeep Mallhi , Deepak Chellapandian , Stephanie Si Lim , Eyal Grunebaum , Kathleen E. Sullivan , Peter E. Newburger , Mary C. Dinauer , Morton J. Cowan , Christopher C. Dvorak , Elie Haddad , Donald B. Kohn , Jennifer W. Leiding","doi":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110364","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10392,"journal":{"name":"Clinical immunology","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 110364"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced fatty acid oxidation by selective activation of PPARα alleviates autoimmunity through metabolic transformation in T-cells","authors":"Satoshi Masuyama , Masayuki Mizui , Masashi Morita , Takatomo Shigeki , Hisakazu Kato , Takeshi Yamamoto , Yusuke Sakaguchi , Kazunori Inoue , Tomoko Namba-Hamano , Isao Matsui , Tatsusada Okuno , Ryohei Yamamoto , Seiji Takashima , Yoshitaka Isaka","doi":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in mitochondria is a primary energy source for quiescent lymphocytes, the impact of promoting FAO in activated lymphocytes undergoing metabolic reprogramming remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that pemafibrate, a selective PPARα modulator used clinically for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia, transforms metabolic system of T-cells and alleviates several autoimmune diseases. Pemafibrate suppresses Th17 cells but not Th1 cells, through the inhibition of glutaminolysis and glycolysis initiated by enhanced FAO. In contrast, a conventional PPARα agonist fenofibrate significantly inhibits cell growth by restraining overall metabolisms even at a dose insufficient to induce fatty acid oxidation. Clinically, patients receiving pemafibrate showed a significant decrease of Th17/Treg ratio in peripheral blood. Our results suggest that augmented FAO by pemafibrate-mediated selective activation of PPARα restrains metabolic programs of Th17 cells and could be a viable option for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10392,"journal":{"name":"Clinical immunology","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 110357"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521661624004662/pdfft?md5=1fcc8e3f4383cdc7e6d13a8c3736f1f0&pid=1-s2.0-S1521661624004662-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142145307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thomas W. Willis , Effrossyni Gkrania-Klotsas , Nicholas J. Wareham , Eoin F. McKinney , Paul A. Lyons , Kenneth G.C. Smith , Chris Wallace
{"title":"Leveraging pleiotropy identifies common-variant associations with selective IgA deficiency","authors":"Thomas W. Willis , Effrossyni Gkrania-Klotsas , Nicholas J. Wareham , Eoin F. McKinney , Paul A. Lyons , Kenneth G.C. Smith , Chris Wallace","doi":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Selective IgA deficiency (SIgAD) is the most common inborn error of immunity (IEI). Unlike many IEIs, evidence of a role for highly penetrant rare variants in SIgAD is lacking. Previous SIgAD studies have had limited power to identify common variants due to their small sample size. We overcame this problem first through meta-analysis of two existing GWAS. This identified four novel common-variant associations and enrichment of SIgAD-associated variants in genes linked to Mendelian IEIs. SIgAD showed evidence of shared genetic architecture with serum IgA and a number of immune-mediated diseases. We leveraged this pleiotropy through the conditional false discovery rate procedure, conditioning our SIgAD meta-analysis on large GWAS of asthma and rheumatoid arthritis, and our own meta-analysis of serum IgA. This identified an additional 18 variants, increasing the number of known SIgAD-associated variants to 27 and strengthening the evidence for a polygenic, common-variant aetiology for SIgAD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10392,"journal":{"name":"Clinical immunology","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 110356"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142145308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The anti-mCRP199–206 antibodies aggravate tubulointerstitial lesions in lupus nephritis","authors":"Mo Yuan , Ming-hui Zhao , Ying Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tubulointerstitial lesions could also be prominent in lupus nephritis, and the pathogenesis of tubulointerstitial lesions may be different from glomerular lesions. Previous studies have showed that plasma antibodies against modified /monomeric C-reactive protein (mCRP) are associated with renal tubulointerstitial lesions in patients with lupus nephritis, and amino acid (aa) 199–206 was one of the major epitopes of mCRP. However, the role of anti-mCRP<sub>199–206</sub> antibodies in the pathogenesis of tubulointerstitial lesions in lupus nephritis is unknown. A total of 95 patients with renal biopsy-proven lupus nephritis were enrolled in this study. Plasma levels of anti-mCRP<sub>199–206</sub> antibodies were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A lupus prone mouse model was immunized using peptides mCRP<sub>199–206</sub> to explore the potential role of anti-mCRP<sub>199–206</sub> antibodies in tubulointerstitial lesions. The mechanism of anti-mCRP<sub>199–206</sub> antibodies damage to renal tubular epithelial cells was investigated in vitro. Plasma antibodies against mCRP<sub>199–206</sub> were associated with renal tubulointerstitial lesions and prognosis in patients with lupus nephritis. Immunization with peptides mCRP<sub>199–206</sub> in lupus prone mice could aggravate tubulointerstitial lesions and drive tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis. Anti-mCRP <sub>199–206</sub> antibodies could activate the TGF-β1/Smad3 signal pathway and induce tubular damage by binding with CRP. Circulating antibodies against mCRP<sub>199–206</sub> could be a biomarker to reveal tubulointerstitial lesion, and participate in the pathogenesis of tubulointerstitial lesions, which might provide a potential therapeutic target for lupus nephritis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10392,"journal":{"name":"Clinical immunology","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 110353"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marina Segura-Guerrero , Carlos Saus , Roberto Gozalbo-Rovira , Sheila Cabello-Pelegrín , María Luisa Vargas , Natalia Martínez-Pomar , Jesús Rodríguez-Díaz , Juan Saus , Maria Rosa Julià
{"title":"De novo glomerulonephritis associated with IgA anti-GBM alloantibodies after kidney transplantation in Alport syndrome: A case report with diagnostic implications","authors":"Marina Segura-Guerrero , Carlos Saus , Roberto Gozalbo-Rovira , Sheila Cabello-Pelegrín , María Luisa Vargas , Natalia Martínez-Pomar , Jesús Rodríguez-Díaz , Juan Saus , Maria Rosa Julià","doi":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alport syndrome (AS) is a hereditary disorder caused by pathogenic variants in <em>COL4A3, COL4A4,</em> or <em>COL4A5</em> genes expressing α3, α4, and α5 chains of basement membrane type IV collagen (COL4). The triple-helical α3α4α5(IV) protomer is a major component of the mature glomerular basement membrane (GBM) whose defective formation in AS leads to structural GBM disruption and kidney dysfunction, often resulting in kidney replacement therapy. A genetically intact renal graft exposes the immune system to a non-tolerized α3α4α5(IV) component and an alloimmune response eventually ensues. So far, only IgG alloantibodies reacting against COL4 have been reported in AS alloimmune responses. Here, we report alloimmune glomerulonephritis mediated by IgA antibodies against the non-collagenous C-terminal domain 1 of the α5(IV) chain in a patient with autosomal recessive AS following a second kidney transplantation. The patient presented a not previously described biallelic variant in the <em>COL4A4</em> gene. Immunological, diagnostic, and clinical implications are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10392,"journal":{"name":"Clinical immunology","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 110354"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cheng Chen , Hezhen Wang , Lili Xu , Zhipeng Guo , Ming Fu , Huimin Xia , Qiuming He , Ruizhong Zhang , Juan He
{"title":"MAPK signaling pathway induced LOX-1+ polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells in biliary atresia","authors":"Cheng Chen , Hezhen Wang , Lili Xu , Zhipeng Guo , Ming Fu , Huimin Xia , Qiuming He , Ruizhong Zhang , Juan He","doi":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clim.2024.110355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biliary atresia (BA) is a severe pediatric liver disease characterized by progressive bile duct destruction and fibrosis, leading to significant liver damage and frequently necessitating liver transplantation. This study elucidates the role of LOX-1<sup>+</sup> polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) in BA pathogenesis and assesses their potential as non-invasive early diagnostic biomarkers. Using flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and molecular profiling, we analyzed the expression and activity of these cells in peripheral blood and liver tissues from BA patients and controls. Our findings reveal a significant increase in the frequencies and function of LOX-1<sup>+</sup>PMN-MDSCs in BA patients, along with MAPK signaling pathway upregulation, indicating their involvement in disease mechanisms. Additionally, the frequencies of LOX-1<sup>+</sup>PMN-MDSC in peripheral blood significantly positively correlate with liver function parameters in BA patients, demonstrating diagnostic performance comparable to traditional serum markers. These findings suggest that LOX-1<sup>+</sup>PMN-MDSCs contribute to the immunosuppressive environment in BA and could serve as potential diagnostic targets.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10392,"journal":{"name":"Clinical immunology","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 110355"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}