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[In vivo imaging of osteoblasts.] [成骨细胞的体内成像]
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: CliCa1802217222
Maki Uenaka, Hiroki Mizuno, Masaru Ishii
{"title":"[In vivo imaging of osteoblasts.]","authors":"Maki Uenaka,&nbsp;Hiroki Mizuno,&nbsp;Masaru Ishii","doi":"CliCa1802217222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/CliCa1802217222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells which produce bone matrix proteins and control calcium and mineral deposition. It is still unknown how osteoblasts work through the processes actually, because most of bone researches use static images of sections. Recently developed intravital imaging system with multiphoton microscopy can enable dynamic observation of living individual cells without making sections. This technique has so high-resolution in the Z direction that it is particularly useful for observation of deep tissues like bones. Here we introduce our data about osteoblast live cell imaging in vivo and in vitro including intravital imaging and summarize the latest reports about it.</p>","PeriodicalId":10389,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"28 2","pages":"217-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35767325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Optogenetics sheds light on memory research.Development and application of photoactivatable CaMKⅡ inhibitory peptide to the study of synaptic plasticity.] [光遗传学为记忆研究提供了线索。]光活化CaMKⅡ抑制肽在突触可塑性研究中的开发与应用[j]。
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: CliCa1803414419
Hideji Murakoshi
{"title":"[Optogenetics sheds light on memory research.Development and application of photoactivatable CaMKⅡ inhibitory peptide to the study of synaptic plasticity.]","authors":"Hideji Murakoshi","doi":"CliCa1803414419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/CliCa1803414419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the past decade, the various types of genetically-encoded optogenetic tools using blue-light sensitive LOV2 domain have been developed and applied in a wide range of areas including neuroscience field. Recently, we succeeded in developing a photoactivatable inhibitory peptide, a genetically-encoded light inducible CaMKⅡ inhibitory peptide. Using this new optogenetic tool, we found that the 1 min of CaMKⅡ activation is sufficient for triggering structural plasticity of synapses(spines)in hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, using passive avoidance test, we found that transient CaMKⅡ activity, but not sustained activity, is only required for fear memory formation/maintenance in amygdala of mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":10389,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"28 3","pages":"414-419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35889740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Homeostasis and Disorder of Musculoskeletal System.Progress in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.] 肌肉骨骼系统的内稳态和紊乱。类风湿关节炎的治疗进展。
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: CliCa1803395401
Yoshiya Tanaka
{"title":"[Homeostasis and Disorder of Musculoskeletal System.Progress in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.]","authors":"Yoshiya Tanaka","doi":"CliCa1803395401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/CliCa1803395401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and joint damage that causes significant morbidity and mortality. Rapid and appropriate intervention using disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs(DMARDs)is prerequisite to halt joint destruction and long-term functional disabilities. Recent progress in the treatment strategy has brought about paradigm shift for the management of the disease, namely, the combined use of methotrexate, a synthetic DMARD, and a biologic DMARD targeting TNF, IL-6 and T cells has revolutionized treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical remission is now realistic targets for the treatment, achieved by a large proportion of rheumatoid arthritis patients, which leads to structural remission without damage in bone and cartilage as well as functional remission. Furthermore, orally available small but strong molecules targeting Janus kinase(JAK)are emerging. When DMARDs are prescribed, appropriate selection of DMARDs, adequate screening, regular monitoring and systemic management are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":10389,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"28 3","pages":"395-401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35889741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Rickets/Osteomalacia. Action of FGF23.] 佝偻病、骨软化。FGF23的作用[j]
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: CliCa181013351342
Daisuke Inoue
{"title":"[Rickets/Osteomalacia. Action of FGF23.]","authors":"Daisuke Inoue","doi":"CliCa181013351342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/CliCa181013351342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>FGF23 is an \"endocrine FGF\" mainly secreted by osteocytes. FGF23 exerts its action through binding to an FGF receptor isoform, FGFR1c, using α-Klotho as a co-receptor. The main physiological function of FGF23 is to suppress phosphate reabsorption and active vitamin D production in the proximal tubule of the kidney, thereby lowering serum concentration of inorganic phosphate. In recent years, however, FGF23 has been shown to contribute to various pathological processes including cardiac hypertrophy via a distinct mode of action in a Klotho-independent manner. This review summarizes such pleiotropic actions of FGF23.</p>","PeriodicalId":10389,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"28 10","pages":"1335-1342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36536822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Milk, Daily products and Bone health.Nutritional Value of Milk and Dairy Products.] 牛奶，日用品和骨骼健康。牛奶及乳制品的营养价值
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: CliCa1804483491
Hiromi Ishida
{"title":"[Milk, Daily products and Bone health.Nutritional Value of Milk and Dairy Products.]","authors":"Hiromi Ishida","doi":"CliCa1804483491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/CliCa1804483491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Milk has been historically recognized as having great nutritional value;its high nutrient density per energy makes it useful for individuals recovering from malnutrition among others. Milk is composed of an excellent ratio of essential amino acids, with an amino acid score of 100, and enhances the protein content when served with a meal. Additionally, not only is milk rich in calcium, but the absorption rate of calcium contained in the meal increases when milk is served with a meal. Instead of consuming nutritional supplements to make up for a lack of nutrients in the diet, Milk is a representative food that highlights the nutritional value of taking one food in combination with other foods. Moreover, milk costing as little as 100 contains high nutrient density, making it an economically efficient food.</p>","PeriodicalId":10389,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"28 4","pages":"483-491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35955980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Milk, Daily products and Bone health.Milk or dairy products and bone:Epidemiology.] 牛奶，日用品和骨骼健康。牛奶或乳制品与骨骼:流行病学。
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: CliCa1804467475
Junko Tamaki
{"title":"[Milk, Daily products and Bone health.Milk or dairy products and bone:Epidemiology.]","authors":"Junko Tamaki","doi":"CliCa1804467475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/CliCa1804467475","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An assessment of the association between the intake of milk or dairy products and bone density or the risk of fractures on the basis of epidemiological studies revealed the following findings:(1)a sufficient prepubertal intake of milk or dairy products could contribute to the increased bone growth and maximized peal bone mass because the intake of calcium in the corresponding stage in Japan is inadequate;(2)adequate milk intake could contribute to the maintenance of peal bone mass among menstruating adult females and the decrease of bone loss in postmenopausal females. Adequate milk intake could contribute to the decrease of aging-induced bone loss in elderly males, though there is no sufficient scientific evidence;and(3)a meta-analysis indicated no correlation between the increased milk intake and decreased risks of hip fractures in the elderly. As the intake of milk or dairy products in the Japanese elderly is rather less than that reported by the meta-analysis, the minimal intake of milk or dairy products is anticipated to elevate the risk of fractures in middle-aged or elderly males and females although the scientific evidence is inadequate.</p>","PeriodicalId":10389,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"28 4","pages":"467-475"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35955979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Milk, Daily products and Bone health.Effect of milks and daily products on bone health.] 牛奶，日用品和骨骼健康。牛奶和日常食品对骨骼健康的影响
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: CliCa1804459466
Megumi Kubota, Rikako Inoue
{"title":"[Milk, Daily products and Bone health.Effect of milks and daily products on bone health.]","authors":"Megumi Kubota,&nbsp;Rikako Inoue","doi":"CliCa1804459466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/CliCa1804459466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Japan, nutrition education programs to prevent osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures have focused primarily on increasing dietary calcium intake and recommended the consumption of milk and dairy products. However, the effect of milk and dairy product consumption on bone density loss or fracture incidence in Japanese has rarely been evaluated in randomized controlled studies. In the present study, we reviewed the literature investigating the consumption of milk and dairy products in relation to bone density and fracture risk. The results showed that milk and dairy product consumption had only a modest effect in the prevention of midlife bone loss and subsequent fractures. However, given that infrequent(once weekly or less)consumption of milk may be associated with an increased risk of femoral neck fracture, and that Japanese generally have a lower calcium intake, it is still necessary to encourage elderly and younger adults to increase their consumption of milk and dairy products to promote bone health.</p>","PeriodicalId":10389,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"28 4","pages":"459-466"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35955978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Body weight and bone/calcium metabolism. The effect of incretin hormones on bone and calcium metabolism.] 体重和骨/钙代谢。肠促胰岛素激素对骨和钙代谢的影响[j]。
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: CliCa1807933939
Yuka Kinoshita
{"title":"[Body weight and bone/calcium metabolism. The effect of incretin hormones on bone and calcium metabolism.]","authors":"Yuka Kinoshita","doi":"CliCa1807933939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/CliCa1807933939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Incretins are gastro-intestinal hormones released from enteroendocrine cells in response to food intake. Incretins such as glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide(GIP)and glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP-1)modulate glucose homeostasis by regulating glucose-dependent insulin release from pancreatic βcells. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4(DPP-4)inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists are incretin-based drugs that have been used for the management of hyperglycemia and obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although experimental studies have shown that incretin improves bone quality and increases bone mass in rodents, further studies are necessary to clarify the effect of incretin-based drugs on bone mineral density and risk of fractures in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":10389,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"28 7","pages":"933-939"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36263251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Fragility Fractures in Hemodialysis Patients. Calcimimetics and fracture in hemodialysis patients.] 血液透析患者脆性骨折。血液透析患者的钙化剂与骨折。
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: CliCa180811071112
Shunsuke Goto
{"title":"[Fragility Fractures in Hemodialysis Patients. Calcimimetics and fracture in hemodialysis patients.]","authors":"Shunsuke Goto","doi":"CliCa180811071112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/CliCa180811071112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Calcimimetics are widely used for severe secondary hyperparathyroidism in hemodialysis patients. Two clinical studies showed that cinacalcet, one of calcimimetics, has possibility to reduce the risk of fracture in hemodialysis patients. Although the mechanism in which calcimimetics reduce the risk of fracture in hemodialysis patients remains unclear, improvement of severe secondary hyperparathyroidism may cause the reduction of fracture risk. However, the optimal intact PTH levels for reducing the risk of fracture in hemodialysis patients is not known. In addition, since calcium-sensing receptor also exists in bone, calcimimetics may have direct effects on bone.</p>","PeriodicalId":10389,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"28 8","pages":"1107-1112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36345562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Bone and calcium metabolism associated with malignancy. Bone and calcium metabolism associated with malignancy.] 与恶性肿瘤相关的骨和钙代谢。与恶性肿瘤相关的骨和钙代谢。
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: CliCa181114311440
Takashi Ishikawa
{"title":"[Bone and calcium metabolism associated with malignancy. Bone and calcium metabolism associated with malignancy.]","authors":"Takashi Ishikawa","doi":"CliCa181114311440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/CliCa181114311440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The bones are the most common organ where estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer tends to metastasize. Thus, it is important to treat and prevent bone metastases by studying pathogenesis of developing metastasis to the bones. As advancing treatments have significantly improved the quality of life in patients with bone metastases of breast cancer. Among them, bone-modifying agents have been playing the most crucial roles by reducing the rate of skeletal related events and also having a possibility of favorable effects on prognosis. Zoledronic-acid and denosumab are currently available and denosmab seems to be superior to zoledronic-acid in inhibiting osteoclastic activity. Although both of these are safe drugs, several rare but serious adverse events need to be cautious like osteonecrosis of the jaw, hypocalcemia, renal dysfunction and atypical fracture.</p>","PeriodicalId":10389,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"28 11","pages":"1431-1440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36673413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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