Clinical Microbiology Reviews最新文献_第9页

Twenty years of human bocavirus research: from an unculturable virus of unclear pathogenicity to a culturable human pathogen and gene therapy vector candidate. 二十年的人类博卡病毒研究：从一种致病性不明确的不可培养病毒到一种可培养的人类病原体和基因治疗载体候选。

IF 36.8 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00173-24

Oliver Schildgen,Jianming Qiu,Mario Mietzsch,Tobias Allander,Tuomas Jartti,Verena Schildgen,Dirk Grimm,Maria Söderlund-Venermo

{"title":"Twenty years of human bocavirus research: from an unculturable virus of unclear pathogenicity to a culturable human pathogen and gene therapy vector candidate.","authors":"Oliver Schildgen,Jianming Qiu,Mario Mietzsch,Tobias Allander,Tuomas Jartti,Verena Schildgen,Dirk Grimm,Maria Söderlund-Venermo","doi":"10.1128/cmr.00173-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00173-24","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYTwenty years after the first description of human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) as a respiratory pathogen, significant progress has been made in both clinical and basic research; however, important clinical, diagnostic, and molecular challenges remain before bocavirus pathobiology is fully understood. The discovery of HBoV1 and its notorious prolonged shedding have challenged the new sensitive multiplex PCR panel-based diagnostic testing that replaced the old antigen assays, leading to erroneous classification of HBoV1 as an innocent bystander. Both sophisticated diagnostics and cytopathic effects in cell culture have now confirmed HBoV1 to be a common cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections, mainly in children. While many questions have been answered, new questions have emerged as our understanding of parvoviruses has significantly expanded over the past two decades. In this review, key findings from 20 years of clinical, basic, and applied research on human bocaviruses are summarized and open questions highlighted to guide future investigations.","PeriodicalId":10378,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","volume":"53 1","pages":"e0017324"},"PeriodicalIF":36.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fastidious or rarely isolated gram-negative rods with a particular focus on Kingella kingae. 挑剔的或很少分离的革兰氏阴性杆状体，特别集中在Kingella kingae上。

IF 36.8 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00048-25

Reinhard Zbinden,Pablo Yagupsky

{"title":"Fastidious or rarely isolated gram-negative rods with a particular focus on Kingella kingae.","authors":"Reinhard Zbinden,Pablo Yagupsky","doi":"10.1128/cmr.00048-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00048-25","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYThe bacterial species covered in this review are taxonomically diverse. Kingella kingae, a well-known infectious agent of pediatric bacteremia and osteomyelitis as well as septic arthritis in children aged 6-36 months, is the focus of this review. Recent advances in molecular diagnostic tools have allowed new aspects of pathogenesis and transmission to be investigated since the last review of K. kingae in this journal. Asymptomatic oropharyngeal colonization with noninvasive strains can be distinguished from invasive clones, so that a positive detection in the oropharynx can be assumed to be compatible with a clinical entity caused by K. kingae. Furthermore, novel and uncommon infections could be attributed to K. kingae. Clinical and microbiological aspects of the other Kingella spp. and of the genera Actinobacillus, Aggregatibacter, Capnocytophaga, Cardiobacterium, Chromobacterium, Dysgonomonas, Eikenella, Pasteurella, Simonsiella, Streptobacillus, and Suttonella are discussed separately. The identification of most genera by phenotypic methods is difficult. Direct microscopy and phenotypic key reactions, as well as commercially available systems, allow identification of the frequently encountered human species. If accurate identification of uncommon isolates is a concern, molecular methods, such as 16S ribosomal RNA gene PCR/sequencing, are necessary. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry can also be helpful. Besides infections with only one infectious agent, all mentioned genera are often found in mixed infections. The accompanying bacteria and the clinical presentation might guide the antibiotic choice. In general, it can be said that empirical treatment of infections with the fastidious gram-negative rods based on the clinical picture sometimes fails due to antibiotic resistance. Susceptibility testing should be performed on all isolates according to the CLSI or EUCAST guidelines in order to adjust treatment if necessary.","PeriodicalId":10378,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","volume":"2 1","pages":"e0004825"},"PeriodicalIF":36.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145133992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimized use and performance of culture for periprosthetic joint infection diagnosis: a comprehensive literature review. 优化使用和性能培养假体周围关节感染诊断：综合文献综述。

IF 36.8 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00054-25

Jaime Esteban,Robin Patel,John-Jairo Aguilera-Correa,Sandra B Nelson,

引用次数: 0

Sexually transmitted enteric infections in men who have sex with men. 男男性行为者的性传播肠道感染。

IF 36.8 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00075-23

Kira L Newman,Gretchen Snoeyenbos Newman,Chase A Cannon,Ferric C Fang

引用次数: 0

Skin microbiota in atopic dermatitis: victim or executioner? 特应性皮炎的皮肤微生物群：受害者还是刽子手？

IF 20.7 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-11 Epub Date: 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00277-24

Chiara Maria Teresa Boggio, Federica Veronese, Marta Armari, Elisa Zavattaro, Elia Esposto, Paola Savoia, Barbara Azzimonti

{"title":"Skin microbiota in atopic dermatitis: victim or executioner?","authors":"Chiara Maria Teresa Boggio, Federica Veronese, Marta Armari, Elisa Zavattaro, Elia Esposto, Paola Savoia, Barbara Azzimonti","doi":"10.1128/cmr.00277-24","DOIUrl":"10.1128/cmr.00277-24","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disorder, affecting 10%-20% of the population, characterized by dryness, intense itching, and recurrent rashes. The pathophysiology of AD is multifactorial, involving skin barrier dysfunction, immune dysregulation, genetic factors (such as filaggrin mutations), and environmental factors. The skin microbiota also plays a pivotal role in AD, serving both as a target and a driver of the disease. In AD, the delicate balance of the skin microbiota is disrupted, leading to a decrease in beneficial bacteria such as Streptococcus, Cutibacterium, and Corynebacterium. Concurrently, bacterial pathobionts, notably Staphylococcus aureus, proliferate and express their virulence factors excessively. This imbalance exacerbates symptoms by damaging the skin barrier, releasing toxins, and triggering a Th2-driven immune response, thus weakening the skin defenses and making individuals with AD more susceptible to bacterial, fungal, and viral infections, thereby complicating treatment and worsening disease outcomes. Effective AD management requires a thorough understanding of the interplay among the skin microbiota, the immune system, and microbial pathobionts. Strategies that restore the microbial balance, preserve the skin barrier, and modulate the immune response show significant potential for reducing infections and improving AD symptoms, highlighting the microbiota's dual role in AD pathology. This review examines the complex role of the skin microbiota in AD, emphasizing how dysbiosis both drives disease progression and influences immune responses, and vice versa. It also explores emerging microbiota-targeted therapies aimed at improving disease outcomes.","PeriodicalId":10378,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e0027724"},"PeriodicalIF":20.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12424345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bacterial and fungal infections in persons who inject drugs. 注射毒品者的细菌和真菌感染。

IF 20.7 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-11 Epub Date: 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00162-23

Jeffrey Masters, David Goodman-Meza, Danielle Russell, Laura Marks, Erin McCreary, Brendan Jacka, Kate Seear, Joshua S Davis, Gail Matthews, Marianne Martinello, Steven Y C Tong, Gregory J Dore

{"title":"Bacterial and fungal infections in persons who inject drugs.","authors":"Jeffrey Masters, David Goodman-Meza, Danielle Russell, Laura Marks, Erin McCreary, Brendan Jacka, Kate Seear, Joshua S Davis, Gail Matthews, Marianne Martinello, Steven Y C Tong, Gregory J Dore","doi":"10.1128/cmr.00162-23","DOIUrl":"10.1128/cmr.00162-23","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYPersons who inject drugs are at increased risk of bacterial and fungal injecting-related infections due to many physiological, societal, and structural factors. An estimated 15 million persons inject drugs worldwide, with recent increases in the burden of injecting-related infections. Acquisition of these infections has distinct pathophysiology and microbiology related to drug supply, drug composition, and the process of injecting. Clinical management of these infections is complicated by usual factors such as the need for source control and effective antibiotics, as well as the complex challenges faced by persons who inject drugs while in hospital. These challenges include drug withdrawal, difficult pain control related to opioid tolerance, stigma, discrimination, and lack of access to outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy, which can lead to high rates of patient-directed discharge and non-completion of treatment with subsequent poor outcomes. This review seeks to provide an evidence-based summary of what is known about the risks, epidemiology, microbiology, and presentation of injecting-related bacterial and fungal infections, as well as provide recommendations for treatment, including pharmacological considerations, opportunistic screening, multidisciplinary team care, and approaches to outpatient therapy. It also provides insight into the medicolegal and ethical considerations of care for persons who inject drugs and a first-person perspective of someone with lived experience.","PeriodicalId":10378,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e0016223"},"PeriodicalIF":20.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12424395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Erratum for Kramer et al., 'How long do bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses retain their replication capacity on inanimate surfaces? A systematic review examining environmental resilience versus healthcare-associated infection risk by "fomite-borne risk assessment"'. 对Kramer等人的勘误，“细菌、真菌、原生动物和病毒在无生命表面上的复制能力能保持多久？”通过“污染物传播风险评估”对环境恢复力与卫生保健相关感染风险进行系统审查。

IF 19.3 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-11 Epub Date: 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00129-25

Axel Kramer, Franziska Lexow, Anna Bludau, Antonia Milena Köster, Martin Misailovski, Ulrike Seifert, Maren Eggers, William Rutala, Stephanie J Dancer, Simone Scheithauer

引用次数: 0

Biologic drug development for treatment and prevention of sexually transmitted infections. 用于治疗和预防性传播感染的生物药物开发。

IF 20.7 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-11 Epub Date: 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00107-24

Davinder S Gill, Sanjay Ram, Peter A Rice

{"title":"Biologic drug development for treatment and prevention of sexually transmitted infections.","authors":"Davinder S Gill, Sanjay Ram, Peter A Rice","doi":"10.1128/cmr.00107-24","DOIUrl":"10.1128/cmr.00107-24","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYSexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent a significant global health burden, with over one million new infections occurring daily. In some instances, the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens is rising, which exacerbates the challenge. STIs cause severe complications, including infertility, ectopic pregnancies, pre-term births, and heightened risks of HIV acquisition. These outcomes underscore the need for innovative therapeutic and prophylactic strategies. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the current state of biologic drug development targeting key STIs, focusing on Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and Treponema pallidum. We examine the complexity of host-pathogen interactions that inform biologic drug design, such as multiple mechanisms of infection, immune evasion strategies, and pathogenic latency. We also explore the role of mucosal immunity, highlighting advances in resident memory T cells and cytokine-driven responses that guide therapeutic targeting, concentrating on Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, where recent advances in vaccine development appear promising. We conduct a comprehensive survey of platforms, including vaccines, and explore modalities such as monoclonal antibodies and protein therapeutics. Additionally, we examine emerging technologies like nucleic acid-based therapies, microbiome modulation, and phage-based interventions, highlighting their potential against challenging pathogens like HSV-2 and Treponema pallidum. By examining these established and emerging approaches, this review prioritizes critical opportunities for innovation in biologic therapeutics, addressing unmet needs in STI management. It advocates for integrated strategies leveraging antigenic conservation, host immunity modulation, and novel delivery platforms to achieve durable prophylaxis and effective treatment for high-burden infections globally.","PeriodicalId":10378,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e0010724"},"PeriodicalIF":20.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12424329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144172874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging hybrid shigatoxigenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli serotype O80:H2 in humans and calves. 人类和小牛中新出现的致病性和致病性大肠埃希菌O80:H2血清型。

IF 20.7 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-11 Epub Date: 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00011-25

Jacques G Mainil, Keiji Nakamura, Rie Ikeda, Florence Crombé, Jacob Diderich, Marc Saulmont, Denis Piérard, Damien Thiry, Tetsuya Hayashi

{"title":"Emerging hybrid shigatoxigenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli serotype O80:H2 in humans and calves.","authors":"Jacques G Mainil, Keiji Nakamura, Rie Ikeda, Florence Crombé, Jacob Diderich, Marc Saulmont, Denis Piérard, Damien Thiry, Tetsuya Hayashi","doi":"10.1128/cmr.00011-25","DOIUrl":"10.1128/cmr.00011-25","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYAttaching-effacing (AE) lesion- and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia (E.) coli (AE-STEC), previously known as \"enterohemorrhagic E. coli\" (EHEC), are responsible for (hemorrhagic) enterocolitis (HC) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in humans. The most frequent and pathogenic AE-STEC belong to a few O:H major serotypes that are responsible for the majority of cases and outbreaks worldwide. From time to time, one or another non-major O:H serotype can emerge, causing either local outbreaks or a a progressive increase in clinical cases. One of these minor serotypes is O80:H2, which has been progressively emerging in Western Europe, especially in France, since 2010. AE-STEC O80:H2 are responsible for not only HC and HUS but also invasive infections with bacteremia and internal organ infection. In parallel to their emergence in humans, AE-STEC and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) O80:H2 have also been emerging in young calves suffering diarrhea and enteritis and, more rarely septicemia, in Belgium since 2009. In this manuscript, an overview of AE-STEC and EPEC O80:H2 infections in humans and calves is presented, with particular focus on the clinical manifestations, the prevalence and incidence in Western Europe, and the identification of the potential reservoir(s). In addition, the results of a large-scale whole genome-based phylogenetic analysis of 417 published and unpublished genome sequences currently available in the literature and in the NCBI and EnteroBase databases are presented with hypotheses on the origin and evolution of this new hybrid AE-STEC and EPEC serotype.","PeriodicalId":10378,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e0001125"},"PeriodicalIF":20.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12424316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144172877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human toxocariasis.

IF 20.7 1区医学

Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-11 Epub Date: 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00101-23

Susana Lopez-Alamillo, Pravallika Padyala, Megan Carey, Megan M Duffey, Jill E Weatherhead

{"title":"Human toxocariasis.","authors":"Susana Lopez-Alamillo, Pravallika Padyala, Megan Carey, Megan M Duffey, Jill E Weatherhead","doi":"10.1128/cmr.00101-23","DOIUrl":"10.1128/cmr.00101-23","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYHuman toxocariasis is a globally prevalent zoonotic parasitic infection caused by larvae of Toxocara species, primarily Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati. Toxocariasis is commonly transmitted to humans through the ingestion of embryonated Toxocara eggs found in contaminated soil, water, or on surfaces contaminated with animal feces. Unlike in dogs and cats, humans are not definitive hosts for Toxocara spp., and, as a result, Toxocara larvae do not complete their life cycle in humans. Instead, following accidental oral ingestion of embryonated eggs, Toxocara larvae undergo an aberrant larval migratory cycle to various organs including the lungs, liver, muscles, and central nervous system, and do not return to the intestines to develop into mature adult worms. As the Toxocara larvae do not complete their life cycle in the human host, they will ultimately die in human tissue. This comprehensive systematic review of human toxocariasis analyzes and synthesizes existing research to provide a detailed and updated understanding of this zoonotic parasitic infection of global importance. This review provides an in-depth analysis of various aspects of toxocariasis, including its epidemiology, microbiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":10378,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e0010123"},"PeriodicalIF":20.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12424404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0