Clinical science and molecular medicine最新文献_第6页

Validation of "transit renography" for the determination of the intrarenal distribution of plasma flow: comparison with the microsphere method in the anaesthetized rabbit and pig. “过境肾造影”测定肾内血浆血流分布的验证:与麻醉兔和猪微球法的比较。

Clinical science and molecular medicine Pub Date : 1978-09-01 DOI: 10.1042/cs0550277

S P Wilkinson, M Bernardi, P C Pearce, K E Britton, N J Brown, L Poston, M Clarke, R Jenner, R Williams

{"title":"Validation of \"transit renography\" for the determination of the intrarenal distribution of plasma flow: comparison with the microsphere method in the anaesthetized rabbit and pig.","authors":"S P Wilkinson, M Bernardi, P C Pearce, K E Britton, N J Brown, L Poston, M Clarke, R Jenner, R Williams","doi":"10.1042/cs0550277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0550277","url":null,"abstract":"1. The spectrum of transit times of sodium o-iodohippurate (Hippuran) through the kidney can be derived from an 131I- (or 123I-) labelled Hippuran renogram by deconvolution. In the rabbit and pig, as has previously been shown in man, the frequency distribution curve for the transit times was bimodal. Since the transit time is likely to be proportional to the nephron length, the area of the first mode is likely to represent plasma flow to the shorter outer cortical nephrons whereas the delayed mode represents flow to the long juxtamedullary nephrons. 2. This interpretation was tested by simultaneously comparing renography with the microsphere method of measuring intrarenal plasma flow distribution in 12 rabbits and two pigs with a variety of anaesthetics. A close agreement was found between both methods for the percentage of plasma flow distributed to the outer cortical nephrons, thus supporting the use of \"transit renography\" to determine the intrarenal distribution of plasma flow.","PeriodicalId":10356,"journal":{"name":"Clinical science and molecular medicine","volume":"55 3","pages":"277-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1042/cs0550277","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11899746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Effects of the beta-receptor antagonists propranolol, oxprenolol and labetalol on human vascular smooth-muscle contraction. 受体拮抗剂心得安、奥普萘洛尔和拉贝他洛尔对人血管平滑肌收缩的影响。

Clinical science and molecular medicine Pub Date : 1978-09-01 DOI: 10.1042/cs0550235

R F Moulds, R A Jauernig, J D Hobson, J Shaw

{"title":"Effects of the beta-receptor antagonists propranolol, oxprenolol and labetalol on human vascular smooth-muscle contraction.","authors":"R F Moulds, R A Jauernig, J D Hobson, J Shaw","doi":"10.1042/cs0550235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0550235","url":null,"abstract":"1. Spiral strips of human digital arteries have been studied in vitro to investigate whether DL-propranolol, D-propranolol, oxprenolol and labetalol have peripheral vascular effects in man. 2. Labetalol was a potent inhibitor of contractile responses to noradrenaline, but had less effect on responses to 5-hydroxytryptamine and barium chloride. 3. DL-and D-propranolol were equally effective inhibitors of responses to barium chloride. They were only weak antagonists of noradrenaline responses, but stronger, non-competitive antagonists of 5-hydroxytryptamine responses. 4. Oxprenolol was only a weak inhibitor of the responses to both noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine and had little effect on responses to barium chloride. 5. It is concluded that labetalol has specific alpha-adrenoreceptor-blocking properties, which are probably relevant to its therapeutic action in man. Propranolol has non-specific inhibitory effect on vascular smooth muscle, which might contribute to its hypotensive activity at high concentrations, but oxprenolol has only slight peripheral effects that are probably therapeutically insignificant.","PeriodicalId":10356,"journal":{"name":"Clinical science and molecular medicine","volume":"55 3","pages":"235-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1042/cs0550235","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11252479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Biphasic changes in thymus structure during evolving renal hypertension. 发展中的肾性高血压期间胸腺结构的双相变化。

Clinical science and molecular medicine Pub Date : 1978-08-01 DOI: 10.1042/cs0550149

R E Chatelain, C M Ferrario

引用次数: 6

Galactose and hepatic metabolism in malnutrition and sepsis in man. 半乳糖与肝脏代谢在营养不良和败血症中的作用。

Clinical science and molecular medicine Pub Date : 1978-08-01 DOI: 10.1042/cs0550199

G Royle, M G Kettlewell, V Ilic, D H Williamson

引用次数: 18

Thyroid-stimulating hormone: neuroregulation and clinical applications. Part 2. 促甲状腺激素:神经调节及临床应用。第2部分。

Clinical science and molecular medicine Pub Date : 1978-08-01 DOI: 10.1042/cs0550129

M F Scanlon, B R Smith, R Hall

引用次数: 22

Lack of effect of isometric handgrip exercise on the responses of the carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex in man. 缺乏等长握力运动对人颈动脉窦压力感受器反射反应的影响。

Clinical science and molecular medicine Pub Date : 1978-08-01 DOI: 10.1042/cs0550189

J Ludbrook, I B Faris, J Iannos, G G Jamieson, W J Russell

{"title":"Lack of effect of isometric handgrip exercise on the responses of the carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex in man.","authors":"J Ludbrook, I B Faris, J Iannos, G G Jamieson, W J Russell","doi":"10.1042/cs0550189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0550189","url":null,"abstract":"1. The change in arterial pressure and heart rate resulting from alteration of carotid sinus transmural pressure by a median--34 mmHg and +33 mmHg by means of a variable-pressure neck chamber was tested in seven male volunteer subjects, at rest and during exertion of 35, 45 and 65% of maximum voluntary handgrip. 2. During 60 s of 35 and 45%, and during 30 s of 65%, of maximal voluntary handgrip there was virtually no alteration of the response of blood pressure to alteration carotid sinus transmural pressure. 3. The bradycardic response to increase in carotid sinus transmural pressure was reduced at various times after the commencement of handgrip at 45 and 65% of maximum voluntary contraction. 4. It is concluded that a reduction in arterial baroreceptor reflex sensitivy does not play an important role in the initiation of the increase in arterial blood pressure and heart rate caused by isometric exercise. 5. The hypothesis is advanced that some of the cardiovascular changes in exercise may result from elevation of the central 'set point' for blood pressure.","PeriodicalId":10356,"journal":{"name":"Clinical science and molecular medicine","volume":"55 2","pages":"189-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1042/cs0550189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11881516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 49

Post-mortem migration of bone-seeking radionuclides in the rat and rabbit and its effect on estimates of bone uptake. 寻骨放射性核素在大鼠和家兔的死后迁移及其对骨摄取估计的影响。

Clinical science and molecular medicine Pub Date : 1978-08-01 DOI: 10.1042/cs0550221

P Tothill, J N Macpherson

引用次数: 10

Urinary dopamine in man and rat: effects of inorganic salts on dopamine excretion. 人和大鼠尿多巴胺:无机盐对多巴胺排泄的影响。

Clinical science and molecular medicine Pub Date : 1978-08-01 DOI: 10.1042/cs0550167

S G Ball, N S Oats, M R Lee

{"title":"Urinary dopamine in man and rat: effects of inorganic salts on dopamine excretion.","authors":"S G Ball, N S Oats, M R Lee","doi":"10.1042/cs0550167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0550167","url":null,"abstract":"1. Plasma and urine free dopamine (3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) were measured in six normal male volunteer subjects and the urinary clearance of dopamine was calculated for each subject. 2. The excretion rates for free dopamine in man were greater than could be explained by simple renal clearance. It was concluded that free dopamine must, therefore, be formed in the kidney. 3. Changes in urinary dopamine excretion were studied in four groups of rats initially maintained on low sodium diet and then given equimolar dietary supplements of NaCl, NaHCO3, KCl or NH4Cl, to study the specificity of the previously observed increase in dopamine excretion after increased dietary NaCl. 4. The mean dopamine excretion increased significantly in rats given NaCl, KCl and NH4Cl, whereas dopamine excretion decreased in those given NaHCO3. 5. The failure of dopamine excretion to rise in response to loading with NaHCO3 was unexpected, and argues against a simple effect of volume expansion by the sodium ion. The increase in dopamine excretion with KCl and NH4Cl showed that this response was not specific to the sodium ion.","PeriodicalId":10356,"journal":{"name":"Clinical science and molecular medicine","volume":"55 2","pages":"167-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1042/cs0550167","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11251396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 107

Metabolism of intact and desialylated alpha 1-antitrypsin. 完整和去乙酰化α - 1抗胰蛋白酶的代谢。

Clinical science and molecular medicine Pub Date : 1978-08-01 DOI: 10.1042/cs0550139

E A Jones, J Vergalla, C J Steer, P R Bradley-Moore, J M Vierling

引用次数: 37

Mechanism of the effect of varying PCO2 on gluconeogenesis from lactate in the perfused rat liver. 不同二氧化碳浓度对灌注大鼠肝脏乳酸糖异生影响的机制。

Clinical science and molecular medicine Pub Date : 1978-08-01 DOI: 10.1042/cs0550183

R A Iles, P G Baron, R D Cohen

{"title":"Mechanism of the effect of varying PCO2 on gluconeogenesis from lactate in the perfused rat liver.","authors":"R A Iles, P G Baron, R D Cohen","doi":"10.1042/cs0550183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0550183","url":null,"abstract":"1. The effects of varying PCO2 on glucose output and the intracellular concentrations of lactate, pyruvate, phosphoenolpyruvate, 2-phosphoglycerate and 3-phosphoglycerate were studied in the isolated rat liver perfused with differing concentrations of lactate. 2. When the perfusate lactate concentration is above 1.5 mmol/l respiratory acidosis (simulated by high perfusate PCO2) inhibits gluconeogenesis from lactate, whereas respiratory alkalosis stimulates gluconeogenesis. 3. In general there were significant positive correlations between intracellular pH (pHi) and hepatocyte phosphoenolpyruvate, 2-phosphoglycerate and 3-phosphoglycerate concentrations, and negative correlations between pHi and lactate and pyruvate concentrations; there were usually significant correlations in the opposite sense between these metabolites and log PCO2. 4. The results suggest that CO2 exerts an inhibitory effect on gluconeogenesis at a step between pyruvate and phosphoenolypruvate; however, this is not the only effect of CO2 on the gluconeogenic sequence. CO2 probably acts by changing pHi, but direct effects of CO2 and HCO-3 cannot be excluded. 5. Except at low lactate concentrations, nonionic diffusion probably does not play a major role in the entry of lactate into the hepatocyte.","PeriodicalId":10356,"journal":{"name":"Clinical science and molecular medicine","volume":"55 2","pages":"183-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1042/cs0550183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11251269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19