Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The Diagnostic Utility of Cervical Spine Proprioception for Adolescent Concussion.","authors":"Katherine L Smulligan, Samantha N Magliato, Carson L Keeter, Mathew J Wingerson, Andrew C Smith, Julie C Wilson, David R Howell","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001243","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cervical spine proprioception may be impaired after concussion. Our objective was to determine the diagnostic utility of cervical spine proprioception for adolescent concussion.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Research laboratory.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Adolescents ≤18 days of concussion and uninjured controls.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>N/A.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes: </strong>Head repositioning accuracy (HRA) testing, a measure of cervical spine proprioception. The HRA test involved patients relocating their head back to a neutral starting position with eyes closed after maximal cervical spine flexion, extension, and right and left rotations. The overall HRA error score was the mean error (distance from the starting point to self-reported return to neutral) across 12 trials: 3 trials in each direction. We used t -tests to compare group means and logistic regression (outcome = group, predictor = HRA, covariates) to calculate odds ratios. We used a receiver operator characteristic curve to evaluate area under the curve (AUC) and calculate the optimal HRA cutpoint to distinguish concussion from controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We enrolled and tested 46 participants with concussion (age = 15.8 ± 1.3 years, 59% female, mean = 11.3 ± 3.3 days postconcussion) and 83 uninjured controls (age = 16.1 ± 1.4 years, 88% female). The concussion group had significantly worse HRA than controls (4.3 ± 1.6 vs 2.9 ± 0.7 degrees, P < 0.001, Cohen d = 1.19). The univariable HRA model AUC was 0.81 (95% CI = 0.73, 0.90). After adjusting for age, sex, and concussion history, the multivariable model AUC improved to 0.85 (95% CI = 0.77, 0.92). The model correctly classified 80% of participants as concussion/control at a 3.5-degree cutpoint.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adolescents with concussion demonstrated worse cervical spine proprioception than uninjured controls. Head repositioning accuracy may offer diagnostic utility for subacute concussion.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"23-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11693489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141491137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diving Into Sports Specialization: The Association of Early Specialization on Injury Rates in Youth to Young Adult Divers.","authors":"Annika Lenz, Aaron Provance, Luke August Johnson, Masaru Teramoto","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001239","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study explored the link between early sports specialization and injury rates in youth divers, a relationship that remains largely unexplored within diving.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional survey.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Members of the USA Diving Organization and collegiate male and female divers participated in an online survey, reporting their sports involvement and injury history.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>One hundred eighty-two male and female divers aged 8 to 25 years were recruited through USA Diving or US collegiate team databases.</p><p><strong>Independent variables: </strong>Early/late specialization (based on age <12 or 12 years or older), gender (M/F), springboard and/or platform divers, experience (junior/senior, regional/zone/national/international), hours of dryland/water training, and prior sport exposure.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Injury history obtained on questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred eighty-two divers were surveyed; 70% female. Age to start diving and age to concentrate solely on diving were significantly associated with certain injuries ( P < 0.05). Beginning diving before age 13 years of age was significantly associated with lower odds of injuries in the shoulder and wrist ( P = 0.013 and 0.018, respectively), after adjusting for select covariates. Age of specialization was not significantly associated with injuries in any body part ( P > 0.05), after adjusting for covariates. Greater years of diving experience was significantly associated with diving injuries in all 11 body parts ( P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study indicates that early sports specialization is associated with decreased injury rates in elite youth divers who specialized before age 13 years, particularly for head/neck, shoulder, and wrist injuries. Moreover, we observed a positive correlation between experience and injury rate. Further investigation should focus on distinguishing between acute and overuse injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"75-92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What are the Protocols and Resources for Sport-Related Concussion Among Top National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Programs? A Cross-Sectional Survey of A5 Schools.","authors":"James R Clugston, Kelsey Diemer, Sarah L Chrabaszcz, Connor C Long, Jacob Jo, Douglas P Terry, Scott L Zuckerman, Robert Warne Fitch","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001241","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study summarizes findings from a cross-sectional survey conducted among National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division 1 football programs, focusing on sport-related concussion (SRC) protocols for the 2018 season.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional survey study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>65 football programs within the Autonomy Five (A5) NCAA conferences.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Athletic trainers and team physicians who attended a football safety meeting at the NCAA offices June 17 to 18, 2019, representing their respective institutions.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Electronic surveys were distributed on June 14, 2019, before the football safety meeting.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Results for 16 unique questions involving SRC protocols and resources were summarized and evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey garnered responses from 46 of 65 programs (response rate = 71%). For baseline testing , 98% measured baseline postural stability and balance, 87% used baseline neurocognitive testing, while only 61% assessed baseline vestibular and/or ocular function. Regarding concussion prevention , 51% did not recommend additional measures, while 4% and 24% recommended cervical compression collars and omega-3 supplementation, respectively. In postconcussion treatment , 26% initiated aerobic exercise 1 day postconcussion if symptoms were stable, 24% waited at least 48 hours, 4% waited for the athlete to return to baseline, 11% waited until the athlete became asymptomatic, and 35% determined procedures on a case-by-case basis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most institutions assessed postural stability/balance and neurocognitive functioning at baseline and introduced light aerobic exercise within 48 h postconcussion. There was variation in baseline assessment methods and concussion prevention recommendations. These survey findings deepen our understanding of diverse SRC protocols in NCAA football programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"60-66"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141554295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Characteristics of Patients Visiting the Tokyo 2020 Olympics Polyclinic.","authors":"Yuka Tsukahara, Margo Mountjoy, Yuji Takazawa, Kazuyoshi Yagishita, Hiroshi Ohuchi, Ryuichiro Akagi, Masaki Katayose, Sayaka Fujiwara, Lars Engebretsen","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001265","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the characteristics of patients who visited the Polyclinic during the Tokyo 2020 Olympics and analyze geographical and economic correlations with the number of clinic visits.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Polyclinic during the Tokyo 2020 Olympics.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Patients who visited the Polyclinic.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Data from the electronic medical record system of the Polyclinic were extracted.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>The number of visits for each athlete or team official was calculated by country. Relationship between number of visits per patient and total number of team members, total health expenditure per capita, density of medical doctors, life expectancy at birth, and education expenditure per gross domestic product (GDP) were investigated. Independent variables related to medal tables were also investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average number of visits per athlete was 0.67, and it was higher in athletes from non-high-income countries compared with high-income countries for both male and female athletes. Number of visits per athlete was higher in countries with low life expectancy at birth (95% CI, -0.16 to -0.02, P = 0.012) and education expenditure per GDP (95% CI, -0.17 to -0.04, P = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>During the Tokyo 2020 Olympics, the number of visits to the Polyclinic per athlete was higher in countries with low life expectancy at birth and education expenditure per GDP.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"93-99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sonographic Assessment of Asymptomatic Patellar and Achilles Tendons to Predict Future Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Daniel M Cushman, Rock Vomer, Masaru Teramoto, Maddie O'Sullivan, Jade Mulvey, Sarah F Eby, Sean McAuliffe","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001236","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Patients with clinical tendinopathy often demonstrate significant abnormalities with ultrasound (US) imaging. Tendon abnormalities likely precede pain in these patients. The purpose of this review was to systematically evaluate the available literature regarding the utility of US imaging as a method to predict Achilles and patellar tendon pain.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Systematic review and meta-analysis. Inclusion criteria were as follows: prospective studies of Achilles and patellar tendon pain development with baseline US measurements, follow-up clinical measurements, and English-language studies published after 2000. Exclusion criteria were prior rupture or surgery and presence of rheumatologic disorder.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>N/A.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>Athletes without Achilles or patellar tendon pain at baseline.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>N/A.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Risk ratios (RRs) were identified for the development of pain in those with Achilles or patellar tendon sonographic abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review of 16 studies included 810 Achilles and 1156 patellar tendons from a variety of sports and demonstrated that the RR for pain development from abnormal Patellar and Achilles tendons was 6.07 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.88-12.81; P < 0.001] and 3.96 [95% CI, 2.21-7.09; P < 0.001], respectively. The positive and negative predictive values of an abnormal US finding were 27.2% and 92.0% for the Achilles tendon and 27.2% and 93.5% for the patellar tendon, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis identified that the use of asymptomatic US scanning of the Achilles or patellar tendon has a low positive predictive value but a high negative predictive value for the future development of pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"13-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141305591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting the Sweet Spot: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis of Anterior Versus Posterior Glenohumeral Joint Injections for Adhesive Capsulitis.","authors":"Hye Chang Rhim, Jason M Schon, Raylin Xu, Sean Schowalter, Jane Ha, Connie Hsu, Michael Andrew, David M Robinson, Adam S Tenforde, Daniel H Daneshvar","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001228","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare clinical outcomes following steroid injections using the anterior and posterior approaches.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Systematic review with meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials were searched for randomized control trials (RCTs) and prospective comparative studies.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>Patients with adhesive capsulitis.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Glenohumeral steroid injections using either anterior or posterior approach.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Pain visual analog scale (VAS) and shoulder range of motion (ROM) at 12 weeks, accuracy, and adverse events. Standardized mean difference (SMD) for VAS and weighted mean difference (WMD) for ROMs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 6 RCTs and one prospective comparative study with a total of 468 patients. While there was no difference in pain VAS at 12 weeks between the 2 approaches (SMD, -0.86; 95% CI, -1.76 to 0.04), the anterior approach resulted in greater improvements in external rotation (WMD, 8.08; 95% CI, 0.79-15.38) and abduction (WMD, 6.76; 95% CI, 3.05-10.48) compared with the posterior approach. Subgroup analysis with RCTs that utilized steroid injection with hydrodilatation for both approaches demonstrated greater reduction in pain VAS at 12 weeks with the anterior approach (SMD, -0.52; 95% CI, -0.98 to -0.07). Overall, procedures were well tolerated without major complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While pain reduction is similar, the anterior approach may be more beneficial in restoring shoulder external rotation and abduction compared with the posterior approach at 12 weeks. Steroid injection combined with hydrodilatation may further improve pain control when performed with the anterior approach at 12 weeks.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141174006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age of First Exposure to Contact Sports Is Not Associated With Worse Later-In-Life Brain Health in a Cohort of Community-Dwelling Older Men.","authors":"Jacob Jo, Gunther Wong, Kristen L Williams, Philip J Davis, Grant H Rigney, Scott L Zuckerman, Douglas P Terry","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001251","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate whether early age of first exposure to contact sports (AFE-CS) is associated with worse long-term brain health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional, survey study of older men with a history of contact sport participation was completed.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Tertiary care facility.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A cohort of community-dwelling older men dichotomized by using AFE-CS (<12 years vs ≥12 years).</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Independent variables included a dichotomized group of AFE-CS (<12 years vs ≥12 years).</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Brain health outcomes measured by depression, anxiety, cognitive difficulties, and neurobehavioral symptoms. Endorsements of general health problems, motor symptoms, and psychiatric history were also collected. Age of first exposure groups was compared using t tests, χ 2 tests, and multivariable linear regressions, which included the following covariates: age, number of prior concussions, and total years of contact sport.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 69 men aged 70.5 ± 8.0 years, approximately one-third of the sample (34.8%) reported AFE-CS before age 12 years. That group had more years of contact sports (10.8 ± 9.2 years) compared with those with AFE-CS ≥12 (5.6 ± 4.5 years; P = 0.02). No differences were found after univariate testing between AFE-CS groups on all outcomes ( P -values >0.05). Multivariable models suggest that AFE-CS is not a predictor of depression or anxiety. Those in the AFE-CS <12 group had fewer cognitive difficulties ( P = 0.03) and fewer neurobehavioral symptoms ( P = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Those with AFE-CS <12 to contact sports did not have worse long-term brain health outcomes compared with those with AFE-CS ≥12. Individuals with AFE-CS <12 had significantly lower British Columbia Cognitive Complaints Inventory and Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory scores compared with those with AFE-CS ≥12.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The benefits of earlier AFE-CS may outweigh the risks of head strikes and result in comparable long-term brain health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"52-59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Antigravity Treadmill as a Postoperative and Injury Rehabilitation Tool: Reduction in Contact Forces and Muscle Activity With Reduced Weight Running.","authors":"Sergei O Alexeev, Rishi Trikha, Steven Short, Kenneth J Hunt","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001264","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effects of reduced weight running on the antigravity (AG) treadmill on maintenance of normal muscle activation and reduction of plantar forces in healthy subjects.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Descriptive laboratory study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Clinical sports medicine center.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Twenty healthy subjects (10 male and 10 female) aged 18 to 29 years.</p><p><strong>Independent variables: </strong>Subjects running at 6.5 miles per hour on a standard treadmill and on the AG treadmill at 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, and 50% of bodyweight levels.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Dynamic plantar loading data were recorded using pressure insoles. Surface electromyography electrodes with imbedded accelerometers were used to estimate timing and magnitude of muscle activity, stride length, and cadence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant, sequential reduction in peak pressure, maximum force, and force time integral (FTI) with decreasing bodyweight. A 50% bodyweight reduction resulted in a 51% reduction in maximum force and a 59% reduction in FTI in the heel, as compared with 19% to 28% at the metatarsal heads. There was reduced contact area in the heel and midfoot at and below 70% BW. Lower limb muscle activity decreases with reduced bodyweight while maintain normal muscle recruitment timing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The AG treadmill provides a reduction in loading forces while maintaining normal muscle recruitment patterns. Decreased BW running preferentially unloads the hindfoot. The AG treadmill can be an effective rehabilitation tool following foot or ankle injury and may prove superior to other limited weight-bearing methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"45-51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141916285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of Multiple Allergies and Gradual Onset Running-Related Injuries in Distance Runners: SAFER XXXV.","authors":"Chanel van Vreden, Martin Schwellnus, Dimakatso Ramagole, Sonja Swanevelder, Esme Jordaan, Nicola Sewry","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001245","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine if any gradual onset running-related injury (GORRI) was associated with any allergies, multiple allergies (allergies to animals, plants, medication), and allergy medication use.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional descriptive study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Two Oceans Marathons (56 km, 21.1 km), South Africa.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 76 654 race entrants (2012-2015).</p><p><strong>Independent variables: </strong>The prevalence (%) and prevalence ratios (PR; 95% confidence intervals) for history of (1) any allergies, (2) multiple allergies to broad categories of allergens (animal material, plant material, allergies to medication, and other allergies), and (3) allergy medication use.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Using a compulsory online screening questionnaire, the outcome was a history of any GORRIs, and subcategories of GORRIs (muscle, tendon) in the past 12 months and history of GORRIs (and subtypes of GORRIs) were reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 68 258 records with injury and allergy data, the following were significantly associated with reporting any GORRIs: a history of any allergy (PR = 2.2; P < 0.0001), a history of allergies to broad categories of allergens (animal, plant, medication allergy, other) ( P < 0.0001), and the use of allergy medication ( P < 0.0001). A history of any allergies (PR = 2.4; P < 0.0001), all broad categories of allergies, and allergy medication use were significantly associated with muscle ( P < 0.0001) and tendon injuries ( P < 0.0001). The risk of reporting a GORRI increased as the number of reported categories of allergies increased ( P < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A novel finding was the cumulative risk effect with a history of multiple allergies. Further studies should aim to determine the underlying mechanism relating allergies and GORRIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142913635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Time to Recovery Between Initial and Repeat Concussion in Athletes.","authors":"Brandon S Wright, Sara Dykowski, Abigail C Bretzin, Mark T Roberts, Ingrid K Ichesco, Andrea A Almeida, Michael J Popovich, Matthew T Lorincz, James T Eckner","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001325","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Compare time to recovery between initial and repeat concussions.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective review of electronic medical record.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>An interdisciplinary concussion clinic.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>Fifty patients (14.4 years old [±2.5]; 24 [48%] female) who sustained >1 concussion between 2016 and 2020 and were evaluated within 30 days of their concussion.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Injuries were divided into first, second, and/or last concussions.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>The primary outcome was time to recovery, as defined by clearance for return to sport. This was compared between first versus second concussion (primary analysis) and first versus last concussion (secondary analysis) using Cox regression. Multivariable models accounted for time from concussion to initial clinic visit and Sport Concussion Assessment Tool symptom severity score at initial encounter. Sensitivity analyses explored potential influences of initial encounter timing and interval between concussions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Time to recovery did not differ between initial and repeat concussion in univariate or multivariable models (HR = 1.02, 95% CI, 0.65-1.62, P = 0.92; HR = 1.01, 95% CI, 0.64-1.62, P = 0.91 for multivariable models comparing first (ref) versus second and first (ref) versus last concussion, respectively). Similar results were obtained in sensitivity analyses stratifying by time to initial visit (≤7 days vs >7 days) or time between injuries (≤1 year vs >1 year).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There were no differences in time to recovery between initial and repeat concussions sustained by the same athlete. A nonsignificant trend of shorter recovery after repeat concussions was observed for patients presenting within 1 week of injury and when repeat injuries occurred within 1 year.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"569-575"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}