Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Sleep Duration and Concussion History on Neurocognitive Testing Symptoms for Post-injury States.","authors":"Bahie Ezzat, Eugene Hrabarchuk, Michael Lemonick, Frederika Rentzeperis, Roshini Kalagara, Muhammad Ali, Matthew T Carr, Alexander J Schupper, Hanya M Qureshi, Sujay Ratna, Cole Brown, Gabriel Dara, Alex Gometz, Mark Lovell, Tanvir F Choudhri","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001323","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Evaluate the influence of sleep duration and concussion history on postconcussion symptoms in adolescent athletes.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Observational retrospective study using the Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing and Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS). Multivariable linear regression assessed sleep hours against 22 PCSS symptoms, controlling for demographic and health variables.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Urban concussion centers in Colorado and Florida, 2009 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>11 564 student-athletes aged 12 to 22, categorized by concussion history.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Analysis of sleep duration and concussion history in relation to neurocognitive and psychiatric symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Primary outcomes included neurocognitive, psychiatric, and total symptom scores. Secondary outcomes were specific PCSS symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 5349 student-athletes, 2671 (49.9%) had no prior concussions and 2678 (50.1%) had 1 or more. For those without prior concussions, sleep was negatively associated with age (β = -0.18, 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.22 to -0.13, P < 0.0001), vomiting (β = -0.22, 95% CI, -0.38 to -0.05, P = 0.012), and difficulty concentrating (β = -0.11, 95% CI, -0.19 to -0.35, P = 0.005). In athletes with a history of concussion, less sleep correlated with decreased age (β = -0.11, 95% CI, -0.14 to -0.07, P < 0.0001), headache (β = -0.065, 95% CI, -0.12 to -0.01, P = 0.031), irritability (β = -0.08, 95% CI, -0.15 to -0.01, P = 0.021), and difficulty concentrating (β = -0.08, 95% CI, -0.15 to -0.01, P = 0.031) but increased sensitivity to light (β = 0.10, 95% CI, 0.001-0.137, P = 0.048), numbness/tingling (β = 0.15, 95% CI, 0.04-0.26, P = 0.008), and feeling slowed down (β = 0.13, 95% CI, 0.05-0.21, P = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sleep duration and concussion history are associated with variations in postconcussion symptom severity among adolescent athletes. This data underscore the need for individualized management strategies based on sleep patterns and concussion history.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"445-451"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey of US Collegiate Student-Athletes and Athletic Trainers on Sports-Related Concussion Knowledge and Reporting Habits.","authors":"Sydnie Vo, Yone-Kawe Lin, Chathura Siriwardhana, Andrew W Nichols","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001318","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess sports-related concussion (SRC) knowledge levels in US collegiate student-athletes (S-As) and athletic trainers (ATs) and identify factors that influence reporting of SRC by S-As.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional, retrospective study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>University training room/clinic visits.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>National Collegiate Athletics Association Division 1 S-As and ATs.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>A survey consisting of demographics, SRC knowledge, prior SRC history, and reporting habits.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Sports-related concussion knowledge scores, SRC reporting habits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Response rates were 67% (350/520) for S-As and 100% (11/11) for ATs. S-As represented 21 sports (mean age 20.3 years, range 18-24, 54% male). Sports-related concussion knowledge scores were lower in male S-As (median 73%; interquartile range [IQR] 55%-85%) than in female S-As (79%; 55%-88%) ( P < 0.05). Sports-related concussion knowledge scores differed between collision/contact (C/C) sport (79%; 67%-86%) and noncontact (NC) sport (73%; 55%-83%) S-As ( P < 0.05). Twenty-nine percent (n = 102) of the S-As experienced a prior SRC, of which 67% (n = 68) reported their injury to a medical/authority figure. Male and C/C S-As were significantly less likely to report SRC than female, limited-contact, or NC sport S-As. Sports-related concussion knowledge scores were higher in ATs (97%; 89%-99%) than in S-As (76%; 55%-85%) ( P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>S-As have variable levels of SRC knowledge, with female and C/C sport S-As scoring the highest. Most S-As with prior SRC reported these to a medical/authority figure, but male and C/C sport S-As were less likely to do so. As expected, ATs have higher SRC knowledge than S-As.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"452-457"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience of Orofacial Injuries and Use of Mouthguards - A Survey in German Elite Sport.","authors":"Cordula Leonie Merle, Theresa Antonia Rott, Angelika Rauch, Bernd Wolfarth, Jan Wüstenfeld, Rainer Haak, Gerhard Schmalz, Dirk Ziebolz","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000001302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the experience of orofacial injuries and sports mouthguard use in German elite athletes.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The data were collected at the Institute of Applied Training Science (IAT, Leipzig, Germany) that provides regular primary care for elite athletes.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>German elite athletes (18-35 years) from different disciplines with completed questionnaire on oral health in sports between May 2020 and April 2021 were included.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>N/A.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Number of dental, oral, and facial injuries during sports career and mouthguard use (received information, ownership, frequency) were assessed and compared between disciplines with different risks for orofacial trauma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, questionnaires of 337 athletes (23 ± 4 years, 50% female) were included. Disciplines were classified into high (HT, n = 20), medium (MT, n = 48), and low (LT, n = 269) risk for orofacial trauma. Substantial rates of injuries were identified; especially a lot of HT athletes reported orofacial injuries (HT: 55%, MT: 31%, LT: 17%; P ≤ 0.076) and dental injuries (HT: 30%, MT: 10%, LT: 7%; P ≤ 0.028). Mouthguards were rare (HT: 25%, MT: 0%, LT: 3%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a need for more prevention of orofacial injuries in German elite sports for both HT and MT.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed Presentation of a Pseudocyst After Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy and Its Recurrence in a Professional Biathlon Athlete: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Henri d'Astorg, Sunil N Reddy, Thais Dutra Vieira, Xavier Castel, Vincent Fière, Marc Szadkowski","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000001314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>In this case report, we encountered a pseudocyst as a complication of endoscopic lumbar discectomy in a high-level athlete within 3 months, which is atypical according to the literature. The recurrence of this pathology is even rarer, in this case, the patient presented a recurrence of the pseudocyst after resection. This case report outlines a review of the patient's clinical report, imaging, operative procedure, and complications, together with a literature review on pseudocysts after endoscopic lumbar discectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep Disturbances and Risk of Sports Injury Among Collegiate Student-Athletes.","authors":"Brett A Messman, Kyla A Petrie, E Whitney G Moore, Trent A Petrie","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001278","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between collegiate student-athletes' sleep and injury status.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study was a secondary analysis of observational survey data of student-athletes collected across 2 time periods, October 2020 and January 2021.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Data were collected as part of an ongoing national (USA) longitudinal survey investigating student-athletes' well-being in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Participants were made-up of a subsample of participants from the parent study. Data from 89 exact matched pairs (across 5 demographics) of injured and noninjured student-athletes (68.5% NCAA Division I, 82.0% women) were assessed.</p><p><strong>Independent variables: </strong>Student-athletes' sleep disturbance levels were the primary independent variable of interest. Analytic models also covaried for gender, racial, and ethnic identities, sport in-seasons, and previous injury status.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Participant endorsed injury status was the main outcome measure of interest. Hypotheses were formulated during the data collection of the parent study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Student-athletes injured in January 2021 reported higher average sleep disturbances in both October 2020 and January 2021 than noninjured student-athletes but not student-athletes injured in October. In addition, October 2020 sleep disturbances were a significant predictor (P = 0.007) of injury, such that odds of student-athletes being injured increased 1.07 times for each unit increase in their sleep disturbances controlling for their identities, sport in-season, and previous injury status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings signal support for the screening and targeting of student-athletes' sleep problems to reduce potential occurrences of sports-related injuries in student-athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12130341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Preferences for Exercise and Sport in Australians With Mild Multiple Sclerosis: Looking Beyond Clinical Characteristics when Implementing Exercise Interventions.","authors":"Shavaughn L Baynton, Georgios Mavropalias, Kaur Inderpreet, Fleur van Rens, Yvonne C Learmonth","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000001310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Exercise is a salient component in delaying disability progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). This study considers personal preferences regarding exercise program prescription and the resources needed to facilitate exercise.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Community online, Australia.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Adults with MS.</p><p><strong>Independent variables: </strong>Participants completed online questionnaires on current exercise and sport, and preferences toward exercise prescription variables, facilitative resource needs, and delivery method.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes: </strong>We established preference responses for the entire sample, and separately, we used logistic regression and analysis of variance to compare preferences between participants stratified according to (1) geographical rurality (ie, metro vs rural and remote) and (2) current exercise engagement (ie, active, moderately active, and insufficiently active).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty people with a diagnosis of MS completed the survey. Participants had mild disability; most were metro-dwelling (74%) and physically active (58%). Preferences included a program of at least 6 months (70%), where exercise sessions are performed 5 d/wk (38%) at a moderate intensity (50%). Half (50%) of responders wanted to participate in sports for exercise. There was a significant difference in the preference toward higher-intensity exercise in active persons compared with inactive persons. Facilitative resources selected included a behavioral exercise coach (80%) who provides MS-specific information (46%) and behavioral change strategies (41%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Persons with mild MS are interested in participating in various exercises and sports. Encouraging participation will have long-term benefits. We recommend that HCPs and researchers consider individual social factors, in addition to patient symptoms and disability, when designing exercise programs for an Australian MS population.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of Sports-Related Concussion Education Programs: Design, Outcomes, and Recommendations.","authors":"Abid Hussain, Dominic Malcolm, Muhammad Tausif","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000001309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic literature review was undertaken to identify the main design features of sport-related concussion (SRC) education programs, examine their outcomes, and consider the relationship between design and effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Systematic review.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Studies which report on educational interventions (a dedicated in-person or online teaching session) that purport to change knowledge, attitudes, and/or behavior toward sports-related concussion. Searches were performed across 5 databases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 9192 records that were initially screened, 28 retrieved studies were identified. The review found considerable diversity in the content, mode of delivery, and aims of SRC education programs. Sport-related concussion programs were largely successful in increasing recipients' knowledge, but these gains were often transitory, and stronger among adults than among children. There was little evidence of a tangible impact on behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We recommend that future research should (1) seek to clarify what constitutes achievable goals for education programs, (2) move toward better intervention standardization through greater consolidation and coordination of the field, (3) feature explicit attempts to tailor interventions to specific target audiences, and (4) ensure the greater involvement of participants in the creation and design of SRC educational interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142945782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance Across Sex of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool Symptom Inventory.","authors":"Bernadette A D'Alonzo, Ian J Barnett, Christina L Master, Roy H Hamilton, Douglas J Wiebe, Andrea L C Schneider","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001301","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Describe the factor structure of the 22-symptom Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT), using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for a priori hypothesized symptom domains.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Prospective observational study.</p><p><strong>Setting/participants: </strong>Collegiate student-athletes with concussion.</p><p><strong>Independent variables: </strong>Symptoms were collected via the SCAT symptom checklist.</p><p><strong>Outcome measures: </strong>We created symptom domains based on previous literature, guided by clinical expertise. To determine which symptom grouping best represent the data, we used CFA and compared a single-domain model to 3- and 6-domains. We examined fit statistics to assess relative and absolute model fit. Motivated by differences in the prevalence of some individual symptoms by sex in our study, we also examined model invariance by sex to determine if symptoms were being measured as part of the same underlying construct(s).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1160 concussions (male, n = 667; female, n = 493) between 2015 and 2020, all 3 symptom structures seemed to fit the data well, with 3- and 6-domains fitting better than 1-domain. The 6-domain structure fit the data best with the following domains: headache, vestibulo-ocular, sensory, cognitive, sleep, and affective. All 3 structures showed configural and metric invariance by sex.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We demonstrate that the SCAT symptom structure is best represented through 6 specific factors; however, the 3-factor model also demonstrated good fit. Key differences between the 3- and 6-domain models may make 1 model more appropriate than the other depending on the research question being addressed. Symptom structures were configurally and metrically invariant by sex, meaning that symptom measures represent symptom domain factors in the same way across sex.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platelet-Poor Plasma for the Treatment of Acute Hamstring Muscle Injuries in Collegiate Football Athletes: A Cohort Study.","authors":"Ryan C Kruse, Elena Volfson","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001305","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of platelet-poor plasma injections for the treatment of acute hamstring muscle strains.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Outpatient Sports Medicine Clinic.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Twenty consecutive patients with an acute hamstring muscle injury from 2021 to 2022 were included.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Platelet-poor plasma injection into the hamstring muscle strain.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Time (days) until return to full unrestricted participation in sport.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients were male collegiate football athletes, with an average age of 20 (±1.6) years old. The most commonly injured muscle was the semitendinosus (65%). After treatment with platelet-poor plasma, patients on average returned to full, unrestricted participation in sport at 29.4 (±7.2) days postinjury, with a statistically significant improvement in pain as early as 2 weeks postinjection. No recurrent injuries to the affected hamstring muscles were seen within 12 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PPP may be a safe and effective treatment for acute hamstring muscle strains and may potentially expedite time to return to play.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"529-533"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sport-Related Cutaneous Infections: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Breanna N Santoso, Abraham M Korman, Mark A Bechtel, Michael R Baria","doi":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001308","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000001308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Bacterial and viral cutaneous infections pose a great risk of serious complications in combat athletes and contribute to a significant amount of time lost in practice and competition. Although these infections can be treated with standard antimicrobials, the rise in resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and dermatophytes calls for updated treatment recommendations. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is becoming a highly prevalent culprit of impetigo, folliculitis, and cellulitis and must be managed correctly to eradicate infection effectively. In addition, the increased prevalence of tinea incognito and terbinafine-resistant Trichophyton tonsurans makes dermatophyte infections difficult to handle. Limited studies provide evidence for a nuanced approach when treating athletes who engage in weight cycling or rapid weight loss, but adjusted dosing and treatment guidelines remain important.</p>","PeriodicalId":10355,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"508-513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142945783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}