Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology最新文献

{"title":"Repurposing celecoxib ameliorates olfactory dysfunction following rhinosinusitis by attenuating neuroinflammation.","authors":"Yi-Ling Lai, Ming-Ying Lan, Wei-Hao Huang, Chien-Fu Yeh","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2025-00332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2025-00332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives.: </strong>Rhinosinusitis disrupts the neuroepithelium, promotes inflammatory cell infiltration, and ultimately leads to olfactory dysfunction. Celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor, reduces neuroinflammation through its antiinflammatory effects. We hypothesize that celecoxib can mitigate sensorineural olfactory impairment by reducing inflammation, preserving neuroepithelial structure, and exerting neuroprotective effects.</p><p><strong>Methods.: </strong>Male C57BL/6 mice were intranasally administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for three weeks to induce rhinosinusitis. Celecoxib treatment was also administered via subcutaneous injection. The mice then underwent histological staining in sinonasal tissue, olfactory function test, and quantitative genomic expression patterns in the olfactory bulb.</p><p><strong>Results.: </strong>Following intranasal administration of LPS, mice exhibited impaired olfactory function, increased neutrophil infiltration, an elevated number of goblet cells in the sinonasal mucosa, and upregulated mRNA expression of inflammatory markers indicative of neuroinflammation in the olfactory bulb. Celecoxib treatment resulted in improved olfactory function, reduced neutrophil infiltration, decreased goblet cells number, and attenuated neuroinflammation in the olfactory bulb.</p><p><strong>Conclusion.: </strong>These findings suggest that celecoxib alleviates sensorineural olfactory dysfunction by reducing sinonasal neuroinflammation, highlighting its therapeutic potential in rhinosinusitis-associated olfactory loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146217959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Label-Free 3D Holotomography and AI Quantification of Macrophage Inflammation Induced by Urban Particulate Matter.","authors":"Sung Hun Kang, Hee Jung Kim, Yun Tae Kim, Sang Hyuk Lee, Sung Min Jin, Hyun Suk Jung, Seok Jin Hong","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2025-00346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2025-00346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Particulate matter (PM) is well established as an environmental hazard linked to an increased risk of disease. Although numerous studies have explored PM-induced cellular responses, a comprehensive understanding of PM toxicity requires integrating advanced imaging techniques with quantitative biochemical assays.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Herein, we address this gap by combining these techniques with quantitative and functional assays to investigate the cellular effects of PM. PM collected from South Korea was used to assess toxicity in macrophages exposed to PM-containing medium. Three-dimensional (3D) holotomography revealed PM distribution and microstructural changes in cells following exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cell viability and inflammation analyses across PM concentrations highlighted its harmful effects. Lipid metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction assays helped elucidate the underlying mechanisms, whereas a comparative study of oxidative potential between PM and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) further demonstrates PM-induced hazards. Oxidative stress drove PM-induced physicochemical changes in macrophages. The oxidative potential of PM is a measurable factor that determines its oxidative stress properties. In addition, PM contains several components including transition metals and organic chemicals. Metallic components in PM particularly exhibited redox activity associated with oxidative stress and inflammation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, our findings advance the mechanistic understanding of PM-cell interactions and introduce a novel methodological paradigm for studying the toxicological effects of environmental pollutants.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146141276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncologic Outcomes of Prosthetic Obturator Compared with Free Flap Reconstruction after Maxillectomy for Maxillary Sinus Malignancies.","authors":"Young-Ha Lee, Sung Seok Ryu, Kyung Won Kwon, Ji Heui Kim, Yoo-Sam Chung, Myeong Sang Yu","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2025-00283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2025-00283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Obturator and free flap reconstruction differ in their postoperative visibility, potentially affecting cancer surveillance. This study compared clinicopathologic and survival outcomes after maxillectomy in patients with maxillary sinus malignancies and evaluated overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in both the overall cohort and a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) subgroup.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of 61 patients (41 obturator, 20 free flap) who underwent maxillectomy between 2002 and 2021 was performed. Clinicopathologic features, resection margin status (clear, close, positive), recurrence patterns, and survival outcomes were analyzed. OS and DFS were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods, and multivariable Cox models included reconstruction method, overall stage, resection margin status, and postoperative adjuvant therapy in the entire cohort and the SCC subgroup.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients in the obturator group were older (63.7 vs. 54.1 years, P=0.046) and more often underwent total maxillectomy (80.5% vs. 50.0%, P=0.039). SCC was the most frequent histology (80.5% vs. 65%). OS and DFS did not differ significantly between groups: 2- and 5-year DFS were 56.1% and 44.1% (obturator) vs. 44.1% and 33.1% (free flap; P=0.931); 2- and 5-year OS were 68.0% and 50.0% vs. 77.1% and 44.1%, respectively (P=0.990). Among 46 patients with SCC (33 obturator, 13 free flap), survival outcomes were comparable. In multivariable analyses, close and positive margins and absence of postoperative adjuvant therapy were independently associated with poorer OS and DFS, whereas reconstruction method was not. Local recurrence was the most common failure pattern in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Obturator and free flap reconstruction showed comparable survival after maxillectomy for maxillary sinus malignancies. Resection margin status and postoperative adjuvant therapy were the major prognostic factors, underscoring individualized reconstruction and the importance of adequate margins, appropriate adjuvant treatment, and consistent follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146118221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment Outcomes of the Inferior Meatus Augmentation Procedure With Autologous Costal Cartilage for Empty Nose Syndrome.","authors":"Jang Wook Gwak, Yong Ju Jang","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2025-00107","DOIUrl":"10.21053/ceo.2025-00107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Empty nose syndrome (ENS) is a rare postoperative complication that can develop following turbinate surgery. Here, we present our clinical experience and a comprehensive analysis of the inferior meatus augmentation procedure with autologous costal cartilage (IMAP-ACC) as a treatment for ENS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with ENS who underwent IMAP-ACC at a tertiary referral center between November 2015 and November 2023. Symptom improvement was evaluated using the Empty Nose Syndrome 6-Item Questionnaire (ENS6Q) score before and after the procedure. In addition, perioperative complications and instances of revision surgery were systematically examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 32 patients who underwent IMAP-ACC, clinical analysis included 20 patients (16 men, 4 women) with a mean age of 39.1±11.5 years and a mean follow-up duration of 61.2±28.8 months. The mean ENS6Q score significantly improved from 17.5±5.3 preoperatively to 9.1±6.0 at the final follow-up (P<0.001). In a subgroup analysis of 16 patients with available early follow-up data, significant reductions in ENS6Q scores were observed both at early follow-up (7.8±5.7) and long-term follow-up (8.6±6.5), compared to the preoperative value (18.2±5.6). Across all 32 patients, nasal obstruction was the most common perioperative complication (34.4%), necessitating reoperation in four patients (12.5%). The majority of complications were effectively managed with a conservative approach.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IMAP-ACC has proven to be a valuable and durable treatment option for patients with ENS, demonstrating sustained symptom improvement over extended follow-up periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":"79-85"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12973493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144494991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Utility of the Albumin-to-Alkaline Phosphatase Ratio in Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Yun-Ting Wang, Adarsh Kudva, Yen-Ting Lu, Liang-Tseng Kuo, Chia-Hsuan Lai, Yuan-Hsiung Tsai, Chun-Ta Liao, Ku-Hao Fang, Chung-Jan Kang, Ethan I Huang, Cheng-Ming Hsu, Geng-He Chang, Ming-Shao Tsai, Yao-Te Tsai","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2025-00034","DOIUrl":"10.21053/ceo.2025-00034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The prognostic value of the pretreatment albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio (AAPR) in head and neck cancer (HNC) remains uncertain. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the predictive role of AAPR for survival outcomes in patients with HNC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published up to July 30, 2024. We included studies on AAPR and survival outcomes in HNC patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight studies comprising 1,737 HNC patients were analyzed using random-effects models. Lower AAPR values were significantly correlated with worse overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 2.08), progression-free survival (HR, 2.00), and disease-free survival (HR, 2.18). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these results, with no significant publication bias detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that pretreatment AAPR could serve as a valuable and cost-effective prognostic indicator in HNC, potentially aiding clinicians in risk stratification and treatment decision-making. However, additional validation studies are warranted to confirm its clinical applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":"45-54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12973494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posterior Pillar Hypertrophy as a Novel Anatomical Predictor of Surgical Success in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.","authors":"Yeonsu Jeong, Jeong Jin Park, Min-Seok Rha, Hyung-Ju Cho","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2025-00200","DOIUrl":"10.21053/ceo.2025-00200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Sleep apnea surgery is effective only in appropriately selected patients, making accurate identification of candidates essential. This study aimed to introduce a novel anatomical index for identifying patients most likely to achieve favorable surgical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review was performed on patients with obstructive sleep apnea who underwent multilevel surgery by a single surgeon at a tertiary medical center between 2012 and 2021. Anatomical parameters, endoscopic images, and pre- and postoperative polysomnography findings were analyzed. Some patients exhibited posterior pillar hypertrophy (PPH), characterized by thickening of the palatopharyngeal muscle beyond normal dimensions. To evaluate the exclusive effects of PPH, patients were randomly selected and subjected to propensity score matching.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Logistic regression analysis identified tonsil grade, body mass index, and posterior pillar thickness as significant predictors of surgical success. Success rates differed significantly between the PPH(+) and PPH(-) groups, with 51.9% success in the PPH(+) group compared to 40.7% in the PPH(-) group. Moreover, the PPH(+) group demonstrated a significantly greater postoperative improvement in both the apnea-hypopnea index and oxygen desaturation index.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of PPH represents an important anatomical predictor of surgical success in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. This index facilitates more precise patient selection and surgical planning, potentially improving overall treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":"97-102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12973490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145343964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidelines for the Management of Adult Subglottic and Tracheal Stenosis From the Korean Bronchoesophagological Society.","authors":"Jung-Hae Cho, Gene Huh, Jae-Keun Cho, Jae Won Chang, Jun-Ook Park, Young Chan Lee, Jae Hyun Jeon, Jeon Yeob Jang, Byeong-Ho Jeong, Yeon Soo Kim, Inn-Chul Nam, Gil Joon Lee, Woo Sik Yu, Heejin Kim, Minhyung Lee, Ji Won Kim, Seung Hoon Woo, Il-Seok Park, Jin Pyeong Kim","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2025-00089","DOIUrl":"10.21053/ceo.2025-00089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subglottic stenosis (SGS) and tracheal stenosis (TS) are rare conditions that can cause significant breathing difficulties and, if not properly managed, may lead to life-threatening complications. Despite their clinical importance, debate continues regarding the optimal management of adult SGS and TS, and no comprehensive guidelines have been established to date. The Korean Bronchoesophagological Society appointed a task force to develop clinical practice guidelines with the goal of providing evidence-based recommendations for managing SGS and TS in adults. The task force conducted a systematic review of the relevant literature by searching PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library using predefined search terms aligned with key clinical questions. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, which also informed the formulation and reporting of the recommendations. The strength of each recommendation reflects the guideline panel's confidence that the benefits of an intervention outweigh its risks for eligible patients. After drafting the guidelines, feedback was obtained through Delphi questionnaires completed by members of the Korean Bronchoesophagological Society. Ultimately, the committee developed 17 evidence-based recommendations across four categories: initial evaluation, medical management, surgical treatment, and postoperative management and rehabilitation. These guidelines aim to support clinicians in delivering optimal care to adult patients with SGS and TS.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12973497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145487881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nrf2: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Glucocorticoid-Resistant Chronic Rhinosinusitis.","authors":"Yue Wang, Yi Yang","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2024.00373","DOIUrl":"10.21053/ceo.2024.00373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) presents a challenge for otolaryngologists due to its complex management and high recurrence rates. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely employed for their potent anti-inflammatory effects across various inflammatory conditions and play a pivotal role in treating CRS. However, some patients exhibit insensitivity to GC therapy, resulting in GC resistance (GCR). Oxidative stress is a key factor contributing to GCR development, whereas the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway functions as a vital cellular defense mechanism against oxidative stress-induced damage. Investigating the Nrf2 signaling pathway holds promise for advancing our understanding of GC sensitivity and refining its therapeutic application in CRS. This article reviews the relationship between GC sensitivity and the Nrf2 signaling pathway, as well as potential Nrf2-related drugs. Studies show that Nrf2 activators-when used alone or in combination with GCs-more effectively inhibit the release of inflammatory factors and mitigate oxidative stress damage than GC monotherapy, marking them as a promising target for CRS treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":"21-34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Affecting Visible Contamination of Positive Airway Pressure Devices in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea.","authors":"Il-Youp Kwak, Kyung Soo Kim, Hyun Jin Min","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2025-00123","DOIUrl":"10.21053/ceo.2025-00123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":"103-106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12973489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Innate T Cells in Inflammatory Disorders in Asthma and Chronic Rhinosinusitis.","authors":"Myeong-Seok Lee, Dae Woo Kim, You Jeong Lee","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2025-00124","DOIUrl":"10.21053/ceo.2025-00124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and asthma frequently coexist and represent heterogeneous inflammatory disorders of the upper and lower airways, respectively. Type 2 inflammation, mediated by eosinophils and CD4 T cells, has long been recognized as a central driver of both CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and asthma pathogenesis. However, emerging evidence underscores the critical roles of innate T cells, such as invariant natural killer T (iNKT), mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT), and γδ T cells, in airway inflammatory diseases. These innate T cells are enriched in sinonasal tissues and contribute to mucosal inflammation through cytokine production, exhibiting functional polarization that reflects local inflammatory cues. In particular, MAIT17 and Vγ1⁺ γδ T cells have been associated with tissue eosinophilia and disease severity in patients with eosinophilic CRSwNP, whereas iNKT cells display subset-specific distributions across eosinophilic and neutrophilic endotypes. In asthma, iNKT cells consistently contribute to disease development in murine models, whereas the functions of MAIT and γδ T cells remain controversial, showing both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects depending on anatomical location and disease context. This review summarizes current evidence on the contribution of innate T cells to the immunopathology of CRSwNP and asthma and discusses the challenges and future directions in reconciling discrepancies arising from methodological and biological variability.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":"35-44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12973496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145285679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}