Clay MineralsPub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.1180/clm.2023.29
Jiyu Lin, Daoyong Wu, Jiwei Jia, Jing Yan, Lingtong Cai
{"title":"Changes in the basic structure and strength deterioration of clay minerals with different hydration degrees","authors":"Jiyu Lin, Daoyong Wu, Jiwei Jia, Jing Yan, Lingtong Cai","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.29","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract To investigate the influence of clay mineral microstructures on mechanical properties across varying hydration levels, this study employed molecular dynamics simulations to conduct uniaxial tensile strength tests in three orthogonal directions ( x , y , z ) using illite, montmorillonite and kaolinite. The moisture content was varied from 0% to 10% in 1% increments and from 0% to 50% in 10% increments. The observations highlight the role of water molecules in disrupting the inherent microscopic atomic structure of clay minerals, leading to diminished stability and a decline in tensile strength. As moisture content increased, there was a pronounced increase in the layer spacing of all three clay minerals, indicative of their hydration expansion behaviour. Concurrently, discernible reductions in both the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the clay minerals were observed.","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microstructural observations of clay-hosted pores in black shales: Implications for porosity preservation and petrophysical variability","authors":"Hongjian Zhu, Shuangjian Li, Zongquan Hu, Yiwen Ju, Yanyan Pan, Manping Yang, Yanjun Lu, Mingbo Wei, Weidong Qian","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.28","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Typical unconventional gas/liquid plays of China were studied using field-emission/focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for clay mineralogy and microstructural development. The SEM microstructural investigations of clay-rich shale and mudstone reservoirs provided significant information about clay mineral type, size, distribution and aggregates, which allows for interpretations regarding porosity preservation and petrophysical variability. The major clay-hosted porosity types are interparticle clay pores, intraparticle clay pores and aggregate pores. Interparticle clay pores occur in open spaces of the clay aggregates and include four subtypes: (1) elongated pores, (2) packed pores, (3) jagged pores and (4) card-house pores. Intraparticle clay pores are present within clay particles and have mostly secondary origin. These pores are diagenesis dependent and are restricted to secondary illite particles during the transformation of clay minerals from smectite to illite. Intraparticle clay pores constitute only isolated porosity and could not contribute to hydrocarbon molecule storage and migration. Aggregate pores were predominantly encountered in association with organic–clay and pyrite–clay aggregates. In places, organic–pyrite–clay aggregates can also display polymerization, but they do not contribute significantly to overall porosity and permeability. Combining SEM morphological analyses with the software ImageJ is critical in clay microstructure and porosity analyses via semi-quantitative characterization of the 3D pore surface, 2D pore profile, pore quantity, pore size, areal porosity, etc . These visual and semi-quantitative results highlight the significance of jagged pores and pyrite–clay aggregate pores in shale gas/liquid reservoirs because they may be important facilitators of gas storage and transmission.","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134947471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clay MineralsPub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1180/clm.2023.26
S. Kaufhold, R. Dohrmann, I. Wallis, Ch. Weber
{"title":"Chemical and mineralogical reactions of bentonites in geotechnical barriers at elevated temperatures – review of experimental evidence and modelling progress","authors":"S. Kaufhold, R. Dohrmann, I. Wallis, Ch. Weber","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.26","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Bentonites are proposed to be used as buffers in high-level radioactive waste repositories. The elevated temperatures in repositories may, however, affect bentonites’ desired properties. For instance, heating under dry conditions can cause cation fixation, potentially affecting swelling properties. The kinetics of mineral dissolution and precipitation reactions will equally be influenced by temperature. Redistributions of Ca-sulphates and -carbonates have been observed, as well as illitization of smectite. Illitization, however, has only been observed in laboratory experiments at large solution/solid ratios, whereas it has not yet been unambiguously identified in large-scale experiments. In many large-scale tests, cation exchange is the first observable geochemical reaction. In addition, an enrichment of Mg close to the heater is found in many such tests. The thermal gradient and (incongruent) smectite dissolution are suspected to play a role with respect to the Mg enrichment, but the underlying mechanism has not been unravelled so far. To predict the long-term performance of a bentonite buffer, numerical modelling is required in order to be able to simulate the reactions of all accompanying mineral phases. Smectites, which dominate the bentonite composition, are therefore particularly difficult to characterise, as their dissolution is often observed to be non-stoichiometric. Various model approaches exist to simulate smectite reactions, mostly based on kinetic rate reactions, ideally considering the effect of pH (congruent or incongruent dissolution), temperature and the degree of saturation of the solution. Reassessing and improving the thermodynamic/kinetic data of smectites are prerequisites for improving long-term buffer performance assessment.","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clay MineralsPub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1180/clm.2023.25
Mon Bryan Z. Gili
{"title":"Photon shielding properties of alkali- and acid-treated Philippine natural zeolite","authors":"Mon Bryan Z. Gili","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.25","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The effects of chemical treatment on the radiation-shielding properties of Philippine natural zeolites were investigated using EpiXS following the EPICS2017 library. The zeolites were studied using X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The acid treatment eliminated Fe and Ca, having a negative impact on the cross-section of the HCl-modified zeolite. The mass attenuation coefficients of the raw, NaOH- and HCl-modified zeolites at 1332 keV were 0.0545, 0.0544 and 0.0548 cm 2 g –1 , respectively. At 100–10,000 keV, the linear attenuation coefficient depends on the density and increases in the order HCl-modified > NaOH-modified > raw zeolite. In the energy range of 100–16,000 keV, the mean free path and half-value layer values are in the order of HCl-modified < NaOH-modified < raw zeolite. The raw and NaOH-modified zeolites have comparable effective atomic numbers, whereas the HCl-treated zeolite has significantly lower such values.","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clay MineralsPub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1180/clm.2023.23
Ping Zeng, Xin Nie, Zonghua Qin, S. Luo, Yuhong Fu, W. Yu, Meizhi Yang, Wenqi Luo, Q. Wan
{"title":"Adsorption of gold nanoparticles on illite under high solid-liquid ratio and initial pH conditions","authors":"Ping Zeng, Xin Nie, Zonghua Qin, S. Luo, Yuhong Fu, W. Yu, Meizhi Yang, Wenqi Luo, Q. Wan","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47351441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clay MineralsPub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1180/clm.2023.24
Osman Uygun, Ayşenur Murat, Gaye Ö. Çakal
{"title":"A novel magnetic sepiolite/Fe2O3 composite for adsorptive removal of lead(II) ions from aqueous solutions","authors":"Osman Uygun, Ayşenur Murat, Gaye Ö. Çakal","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.24","url":null,"abstract":": Lead is one of the most frequently encountered toxic heavy metals that requires immediate remediation. To remediate wastewater, clay minerals are the preferred adsorbents. In this study, the removal of lead from aqueous solutions via adsorption was investigated using raw and iron-modified Turkish sepiolite. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of modification and environmental conditions on the sorptive properties of sepiolite samples. Initially, the raw sepiolite (Sep) and magnetic sepiolite/Fe 2 O 3 composite (MagSep) prepared by the co-precipitation method were characterized using mineralogical and petrographical means, and the physico-chemical properties were determined. Then, the batch adsorption of lead (Pb 2+ ) ions on the sepiolite samples were examined under various conditions (solution pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial Pb 2+ ion concentration, temperature, shaking rate). The adsorption capacity of MagSep was found to be higher than that of Sep under all experimental conditions. The results showed that the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model,","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48811556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clay MineralsPub Date : 2023-08-18DOI: 10.1180/clm.2023.22
S. R. Christofoletti, José Francisco Marciano Motta, Eduardo Camargo Meneghel, F. G. Melchiades
{"title":"PROSPECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PLASTIC CLAYS FROM THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL, AS RAW MATERIAL FOR PORCELAIN STONEWARE TILE PRODUCTION","authors":"S. R. Christofoletti, José Francisco Marciano Motta, Eduardo Camargo Meneghel, F. G. Melchiades","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47071902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clay MineralsPub Date : 2023-08-18DOI: 10.1180/clm.2023.20
S. Petit, A. Decarreau, B. Grégoire, E. Ferrage
{"title":"Generalized relationships between the ionic radii of octahedral cations and the b crystallographic parameter of clay and related minerals","authors":"S. Petit, A. Decarreau, B. Grégoire, E. Ferrage","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41937314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clay MineralsPub Date : 2023-08-17DOI: 10.1180/clm.2023.18
Osman Uygun, R. Güven, Gaye Ö. Çakal
{"title":"Adsorptive removal of stable and radioactive Pb(II) isotopes from aqueous solution using bentonite, zeolite and perlite: characterization, isotherm and thermodynamic studies","authors":"Osman Uygun, R. Güven, Gaye Ö. Çakal","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.18","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, stable and radioactive lead removal from aqueous solution by adsorption using bentonite, zeolite and perlite minerals obtained from various locations in Türkiye was studied in batch experiments. The adsorbents were first characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and then the physicochemical properties were determined. The effects of various factors that influence adsorption, such as solution pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial Pb2+ ion concentration, temperature and shaking rate, were studied. The adsorption of Pb2+ was modelled using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms. The adsorption capacities of the minerals for Pb2+ followed the order: bentonite > zeolite > perlite, and the maximum adsorption capacities were 131.6, 36.1 and 21.5 mg g–1, respectively. The adsorption data fit well with the Langmuir isotherm. The bonding of lead ions on the adsorbents was confirmed by XRF and FTIR analyses after the adsorption process. The adsorption of Pb2+ ions on the adsorbents was spontaneous and endothermic. The adsorption process took place by cation exchange in addition to electrostatic interaction. Furthermore, radioactive 210Pb2+ adsorption on bentonite, zeolite and perlite was studied, with the analyte being analysed using a liquid scintillation counter. It was seen that in addition to Pb(II) ions, these minerals also adsorbed the radioactive decay products of 210Pb, which were 210Po and 210Bi. The removal percentages of 210Pb were 95%, 38% and 30% and those of 210Po were 75%, 60% and 74% for bentonite, zeolite and perlite, respectively.","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42290099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clay MineralsPub Date : 2023-08-11DOI: 10.1180/clm.2023.15
V. C. Santanna, Gabriela Carlos Nunes Araújo, Maria Thayse Andrade da Silva, T. N. C. Castro Dantas, Patrícia Mendonça Pimentel
{"title":"Water-based drilling fluid with palygorskite: cutting carrying and contaminants","authors":"V. C. Santanna, Gabriela Carlos Nunes Araújo, Maria Thayse Andrade da Silva, T. N. C. Castro Dantas, Patrícia Mendonça Pimentel","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.15","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the petroleum industry, one of the most important functions fluids must perform is to carry cuttings efficiently. In this context, the contamination of drilling fluids represents a challenge to the industry because it alters the properties of these fluids. This work compares two drilling fluids (one palygorskite-based and the other polymer-based), evaluating the effects of contaminants on these drilling fluids and their ability to carry cuttings. A contaminant is considered to be any material that causes undesirable changes in the properties of the drilling fluid. Contamination of an aqueous drilling fluid by calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and brine can increase the filtrate volume, decrease the perforation rate and alter the rheological properties of the fluid. This work analyses the effects of contamination by Ca(OH)2 and brine on the properties of salted water-based drilling fluids viscosified with palygorskite. For comparison, tests were performed with a polymeric drilling fluid. The cutting-carrying capacity of these fluids was verified using the empirical correlations of Moore (1974), Chien (1994) and Walker & Mayes (1975). The results show that the drilling fluid with palygorskite is resistant to contamination with Ca(OH)2 and brine, presenting low filtrate volume values. The drilling fluid with palygorskite presented greater slip velocities than the polymeric drilling fluid. Regarding the cutting-carrying capacity, the drilling fluid with palygorskite presented positive transport ratio values (>0), making it suitable for carrying rock cuttings. However, the polymeric drilling fluid showed better performance in terms of cutting-carrying capacity.","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43998769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}