Xiaobing Xian, Ruochong Wang, Yao Wu, Qianying Shi, Li Zeng, Tengfei Niu
{"title":"Associations of loneliness and sleep chronotype with depressive symptoms: a structural equation modeling approach.","authors":"Xiaobing Xian, Ruochong Wang, Yao Wu, Qianying Shi, Li Zeng, Tengfei Niu","doi":"10.1080/07420528.2025.2571193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2025.2571193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the relationship between loneliness, sleep chronotype (SC), and depressive symptoms (DS) in Chinese college students, with a focus on SC's mediating role. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1,079 college students, using validated instruments to assess loneliness, SC, and DS. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between loneliness and DS (<i>r</i> = 0.549, <i>p</i> < 0.01) and a negative correlation between SC and both loneliness (<i>r</i> = -0.177, <i>p</i> < 0.01) and DS (<i>r</i> = -0.206, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that SC partially mediated the relationship between loneliness and DS, with a significant indirect effect (β = 0.016, 95% CI: 0.003-0.035, <i>p</i> = 0.013). The findings suggest that college students with higher loneliness are more likely to have an evening-type sleep pattern, which exacerbates depressive symptoms. This study emphasizes the role of sleep-wake preference as a potential target for interventions to alleviate the effects of loneliness on adolescent depression, contributing to mental health prevention and treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10294,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology International","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asmaa M Shamandy, Mona Abdel-Rahman, Rehab E El-Hennamy, Inas S M Elsayed, Heba A Elmasry
{"title":"The role of caffeine and probiotics in modulating biochemical alterations induced by constant light-mediated circadian rhythm disruption in a rat model.","authors":"Asmaa M Shamandy, Mona Abdel-Rahman, Rehab E El-Hennamy, Inas S M Elsayed, Heba A Elmasry","doi":"10.1080/07420528.2025.2568584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2025.2568584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Light pollution has become a potential health risk factor worldwide. It exerts its effect by disrupting the circadian rhythms, which is linked to adverse health outcomes, including mood disturbances. Caffeine can influence alertness and sleep patterns, while probiotics may affect circadian regulation through the gut-brain axis. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the potential role of caffeine (30 mg/kg) and probiotics (1 billion colony forming units (CFUs) per day) in alleviating biochemical alterations associated with depression following constant light exposure. Neurotransmitters, glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and melatonin (MEL) were estimated in the cerebral cortex and the hypothalamus. Hormonal levels of MEL and corticosterone (CORT) were measured in serum samples. LL exposure reduced serotonin (5-HT) levels. It also induced alteration in MEL and CORT rhythmicity. However, caffeine enhanced 5-HT and MEL content and modulated the temporal profile of MEL. Probiotics restored corticosterone and melatonin level to a temporal pattern like controls. Additionally, both treatments reduced MDA levels and enhanced GSH content. Coadministration of caffeine and probiotics reduced 5-HT levels. In conclusion, caffeine and probiotics could modulate biochemical alterations caused by constant light exposure, which is known to disrupt circadian rhythm in rodents, making them apropriate antidepressants.</p>","PeriodicalId":10294,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology International","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Disruptions of rest-activity pattern in individuals aged 75 or older with coexisting frailty and subjective memory complaints.","authors":"Sayaka Arai, Yu Kume","doi":"10.1080/07420528.2025.2569687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2025.2569687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subjective memory complaints (SMCs) are commonly observed among community-dwelling older adults. This study aimed to investigate the association of sleep and circadian rest-activity rhythm (RAR) in elderly individuals with coexisting frailty or pre-frailty alongside SMC. Participants aged 75 y and older were recruited from community settings in Akita Prefecture. Data collection was conducted between April 2023 and August 2025. RAR parameters were derived from wrist-worn Actiwatch Spectrum Plus devices, worn on the non-dominant wrist for 7 to 14 consecutive days. A total of 95 participants were included in the final analysis and categorized into four groups: robust (<i>n</i> = 36), SMC only (<i>n</i> = 28), SMC plus pre-frailty (<i>n</i> = 27), and SMC plus frailty (<i>n</i> = 4). Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to examine associations between group status and clinical variables. In the final model, adjusted for age, gender, education, grip strength, Trail Making Test version A (TMT-A), and M10/100, the presence of SMC was significantly associated with higher scores on the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19-2.03; <i>p</i> = 0.001). Similarly, the SMC coexisting pre-frailty status was significantly associated with GDS-15 scores (OR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.30-2.31; <i>p</i> = 0.0002), and a significant association was also observed with IV × 100 (OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.00-1.09; <i>p</i> = 0.044). The co-occurrence of SMC and pre-frailty appears to be associated with elevated depressive symptoms and fragmented RAR patterns in individuals aged 75 y and older. Further research is warranted to clarify the relationship between disrupted RAR and the combined presence of SMC and frailty.</p>","PeriodicalId":10294,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology International","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145231611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irem Hacisalihoglu Aydin, Nazife Gamze Usta Sağlam, Mehmet Murat Kırpınar, Cana Aksoy Poyraz
{"title":"The impact of biological rhythms and sleep quality on the link between depression and functionality in bipolar disorder.","authors":"Irem Hacisalihoglu Aydin, Nazife Gamze Usta Sağlam, Mehmet Murat Kırpınar, Cana Aksoy Poyraz","doi":"10.1080/07420528.2025.2569694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2025.2569694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the role of biological rhythms and sleep quality on the impact of depression on functionality in bipolar disorder (BD) and compared these factors between euthymic bipolar patients and healthy controls. Ninety-eight patients with BD were included in the study and recategorized as euthymic or depressive based on their Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores, along with ninety-six healthy controls. Biological rhythms, functionality, and sleep quality were evaluated utilizing the Biological Rhythms Assessment in Neuropsychiatry, Functioning Assessment Short Test, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Biological rhythms and sleep were more disrupted in bipolar depression, with no differences between euthymic patients and controls. Positive correlations were found among depression, functionality, sleep quality, and biological rhythms. Mediation analysis revealed that biological rhythm disturbances partially mediate the link between depression and functionality, while sleep quality does not. Interventions addressing both depression and biological rhythms may improve functionality in BD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10294,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology International","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145231583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"β-Sitosterol targets the gut-brain-clock axis to ameliorate circadian disruption and metabolic dysfunction: A herb-pharmacomicrobiomic perspective.","authors":"Nila Ganamurali, Sarvesh Sabarathinam","doi":"10.1080/07420528.2025.2568586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2025.2568586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>β-Sitosterol (BS) is a phytosterol that may contribute to circadian and metabolic regulation through multiple predicted mechanisms. Using network pharmacology, gene expression profiling, and microbiome analysis, this study suggests that BS could interact with nuclear receptors (PPARγ, PPARα, RORα, RORγ) and potentially influence CLOCK:BMAL1 transcriptional rhythms in peripheral tissues. BS was also predicted to be associated with PER2-related feedback and the synchronization of gluconeogenic and lipogenic pathways with the light-dark cycle. In addition, computational and preclinical evidence indicates that BS may influence the gut microbiome, supporting short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, intestinal barrier integrity, and inflammatory balance. Limited preclinical findings further suggest a potential role for BS in mitigating circadian misalignment and insulin resistance, with possible implications for lipid homeostasis. Future clinical studies are warranted to investigate BS supplementation across different chronotypes and dietary conditions in order to evaluate its chronotherapeutic potential. While the findings are promising, they remain preliminary, and human validation is essential to determine dosing strategies and therapeutic relevance. This study, therefore, highlights BS as a candidate compound with potential relevance to circadian disruptions and metabolic disorders, pending further experimental confirmation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10294,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology International","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Denis Gubin, Sergey Kolomeichuk, Konstantin Danilenko, Alexander Markov, Ivan Petrov, Kirill Voronin, Marina Mezhakova, Mikhail Borisenkov, Aislu Shigabaeva, Julia Boldyreva, Julianna Petrova, Dietmar Weinert, Germaine Cornelissen
{"title":"Wrist temperature: A circadian predictor of lipid profiles in arctic residents.","authors":"Denis Gubin, Sergey Kolomeichuk, Konstantin Danilenko, Alexander Markov, Ivan Petrov, Kirill Voronin, Marina Mezhakova, Mikhail Borisenkov, Aislu Shigabaeva, Julia Boldyreva, Julianna Petrova, Dietmar Weinert, Germaine Cornelissen","doi":"10.1080/07420528.2025.2547937","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07420528.2025.2547937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disruptions in circadian rhythms have been linked to adverse metabolic outcomes. This study investigated the relationship between circadian parameters of wrist temperature (wT) and lipid profiles in Arctic residents, a population characterized by extreme photoperiodic variation. We examined associations between the MESOR, amplitude and acrophase of wT and total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and the TG/HDL-C ratio in both Native (N) and non-Native (NN) individuals, utilizing photoperiod-adjusted regression models. Analyses followed two sampling strategies: all records (n varying between 35 and 64, depending on season), and records from participants sampled in each season (seasonally balanced sample: <i>n</i> = 27). In NN individuals, a larger wT amplitude was significantly associated with lower TC, LDL-C, and body mass index. The MTNR1B rs10830963 genotype modulated the relationship between wT amplitude and lipid parameters: a smaller wT amplitude was significantly associated with higher TC in individuals with the CC genotype, whereas a larger wT amplitude was significantly associated with higher HDL-C and lower TG/HDL-C in individuals with the CG+GG genotypes. A higher wT MESOR was associated with lower TG and TG/HDL-C ratio in NN individuals. An earlier wT acrophase was associated with higher TC and LDL-C in NN individuals. While, as expected, an earlier wT acrophase was associated with higher Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) scores, indicative of greater morningness, surprisingly, an earlier wT acrophase was associated with higher TC and LDL-C in NN individuals. A lower MEQ score was a strong significant predictor of adverse lipid profiles exclusively in N individuals, whereas in NN individuals, the relationship with TC/LDL-C was reversed, i.e. higher TC/LDL-C was associated with an earlier wT acrophase, and an earlier phase angle between the wT acrophase and mid-sleep. Overall, circadian rhythms, as characterized by circadian parameters of wT and chronotype, are linked to lipid profiles in Arctic residents, highlighting the potential of wT circadian parameters serving as potential markers of metabolic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":10294,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology International","volume":" ","pages":"1384-1394"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144871742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-pulse chronotherapeutic approaches for circadian rhythm disease management.","authors":"Sanika Kole, Rutuja Vinchurkar, Rutuja Desai, Prajakta Wagh, Ambar Marne, Harshavardhan Karnik, Ashwini Gawade, Ashwin Kuchekar","doi":"10.1080/07420528.2025.2546008","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07420528.2025.2546008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review explores the field of multipulse drug delivery systems, emphasizing their potential to transform drug administration and improve therapeutic outcomes. Multipulse systems provide controlled and sustained medication release by emulating the body's natural rhythms and utilizing advanced technologies such as stimuli-responsive systems, artificial intelligence, and nanotechnology. The review examines the classification, mechanisms, and benefits of multipulse systems, highlighting their significance in chronic disease management and personalized medicine. Integrating artificial intelligence with personalized medicine enables the development of customized drug delivery systems that improve efficacy, reduce side effects, and enhance patient compliance. As we advance toward the era of precision medicine, the combination of technological and pharmaceutical innovations shows great promise for optimizing patient care and treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10294,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology International","volume":" ","pages":"1291-1314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144871740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The association between sleep timing, eating behavior, and obesity in young adults.","authors":"Mikhail Borisenkov, Tatyana Tserne, Larisa Bakutova, Vasily Smirnov, Sergey Popov","doi":"10.1080/07420528.2025.2551025","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07420528.2025.2551025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to analyse the association between sleep timing, eating behavior, and risk of obesity. The study included 1577 participants with an average age of 19.5 ± 4.8 (range: 13-40) y, women: 76%. Each participant provided personal information and filled out five questionnaires: the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, the Yale Food Addiction Scale, and the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Restrained (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.24-1.92), external (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.34-2.10), and emotional (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.79-2.98) eating behaviors, were found to be independently associated with food addiction. Obesity was positively associated with restrained (<i>β</i> = 0.41), and emotional (<i>β</i> = 0.12) eating behaviours in 13-40-y-olds and with food addiction (<i>β</i> = 0.12) in 13-20-y-olds. Poor sleep quality was positively associated with all three types of eating behavior (<i>β</i> = 0.10-0.15). Restrained eating behavior was negatively associated with chronotype (<i>β</i> = -0.08). Emotional eating behavior was more often observed in females (<i>β</i> = -0.18) and in persons with depression (<i>β</i> = 0.16). Social jetlag was associated with the external eating behavior (<i>β</i> = 0.09) in 13-20-y-olds. Promising direction for further research in the field of chrononutrition is to study the relationship between chronotype, restrained eating behavior, and obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10294,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology International","volume":" ","pages":"1417-1426"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachel F L Walsh, Logan T Smith, Allyson Bisgay, Auburn R Stephenson, Namni Goel, Lauren B Alloy
{"title":"Sleep duration as a mediator of the association between caffeine intake and mood symptoms: An intensive longitudinal study of young adults with and without bipolar spectrum disorders.","authors":"Rachel F L Walsh, Logan T Smith, Allyson Bisgay, Auburn R Stephenson, Namni Goel, Lauren B Alloy","doi":"10.1080/07420528.2025.2548345","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07420528.2025.2548345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychosocial interventions for bipolar spectrum disorders (BSDs) often recommend limiting caffeine intake, yet few studies have examined whether caffeine intake differentially affects mood and whether sleep disruption is a key mechanism underlying these effects. The goals of this study were to investigate concurrent and prospective relationships between caffeine intake, sleep, and mood symptoms among individuals with and without BSD and test whether caffeine intake prospectively predicts mood symptoms via its impact on sleep duration. Participants with and without BSD completed a 20-day ecological momentary assessment protocol, reporting daily caffeine consumption and mood symptoms via smartphone, and wearing wrist actigraphs to objectively measure sleep. Results from multilevel models revealed that on days when individuals consumed more caffeine than usual, they reported lower same-day depressive symptoms and higher same-day hypomanic symptoms, even after accounting for sleep duration. Results from multilevel mediation models indicated that caffeine intake was associated with increased next-day depressive symptoms, and this effect was partially mediated by shorter sleep duration. Caffeine intake also predicted higher next-day hypomanic symptoms indirectly through shorter sleep duration, though the direct effect of caffeine intake on hypomanic symptoms was not significant - consistent with full mediation. Diagnostic status did not moderate any of our findings. These findings suggest that caffeine has dynamic, time-dependent effects on mood, providing short-term mood benefits while contributing to next-day mood disruption through its impact on sleep duration. There was no evidence that caffeine intake has more deleterious mood effects for individuals with BSD relative to those without BSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10294,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology International","volume":" ","pages":"1406-1416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12404799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144871741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Susan Kohl Malone, Freda Patterson, Jinyu Hu, Chitvan Goyal, Namni Goel, Victoria Vaughan Dickson, Gail D'Eramo Melkus, Brad Aouizerat
{"title":"Association between dim light melatonin onset predicted from gene expression profiles with sleep time and chronotype preference: A pilot study.","authors":"Susan Kohl Malone, Freda Patterson, Jinyu Hu, Chitvan Goyal, Namni Goel, Victoria Vaughan Dickson, Gail D'Eramo Melkus, Brad Aouizerat","doi":"10.1080/07420528.2025.2546006","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07420528.2025.2546006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronotherapeutic approaches that optimize the timing of therapy to enhance efficacy and minimize side effects are becoming mainstream. The widespread adoption of chronotherapeutic approaches is hindered by the lack of accessible, valid tools to determine circadian time. Building on evidence that gene expression profiles predict circadian time, this pilot study assessed associations between circadian phase predictions from a single blood sample, actigraphy-estimated sleep, and chronotype in a real-world setting. Twelve adults (mean age 51 y, 8 women) reporting short sleep (<7 h/night) and at risk for metabolic syndrome participated. CD14+ monocytes were isolated from 20 ml blood samples, pelleted, and stored at -80°C before RNA sequencing. Sleep was monitored over two weeks using the ActiGraph GT9X-BT, and chronotype preference was assessed with the Composite Scale of Morningness. Spearman's correlations analyzed correlations between predicted dim light melatonin onset (DLMO), sleep, and chronotype preference. Moderate-to-strong association was found between gene expression-based DLMO predictions and sleep, supporting the utility of peripheral blood mononuclear cell gene expression profiles for estimating circadian phase. This approach shows promise for improving chronotherapy implementation in middle-aged adults with chronic health conditions and short sleep. This study was part of a larger study that was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03596983.</p>","PeriodicalId":10294,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology International","volume":" ","pages":"1350-1359"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}