Circulatory shock最新文献_第10页

Lung and systemic oxidant and antioxidant activity after graded smoke exposure in the rat. 分级烟雾暴露后大鼠肺和全身的氧化和抗氧化活性。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-01-01

C Lalonde, L Picard, C Campbell, R Demling

{"title":"Lung and systemic oxidant and antioxidant activity after graded smoke exposure in the rat.","authors":"C Lalonde, L Picard, C Campbell, R Demling","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We wanted to determine the effect of a graded smoke inhalation on lung and systemic oxidant stress, and its relationship to physiological and histological change. Male Wistar rats were given 12 breaths of 10 ml/kg (n = 8) (group 1) or 20 ml/kg (n = 8) (group 2) tidal volume, using cotton toweling smoke through the trachea using positive pressure. Rats were monitored, then killed at 24 hr. Data were compared to controls (n = 8). Peak group 1 and group 2 carboxyhemoglobins were 22 +/- 6 and 46 +/- 6%, with a mortality prior to 24 hr of 14% and 50%, respectively. Group 1 rats showed only moderate lung dysfunction but with severe airway inflammation and edema, alveolar inflammation and atelectasis, with a decrease in PaO2 from the control of 96 +/- 4 to 72 +/- 5 torr. No increase in lung, liver, or kidney oxidant-induced lipid peroxidation, measured as malondialdehyde lung, liver, or kidney oxidant-induced lipid peroxidation, measured as malondialdehyde (MDA), or decrease in the antioxidant defenses catalase was noted. Group 2 rats demonstrated severe airways edema, alveolar atelectasis, and alveolar edema, and a PaO2 decreasing below 60 torr, corresponding with a 3-fold increase in lung tissue MDA and 35% decrease in catalase. In addition, liver and kidney tissue MDA doubled, and catalase activity decreased by 40%. Increased oxygen consumption was also demonstrated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19141326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Systemic and regional hemodynamic changes during endotoxin or platelet activating factor (PAF)-induced shock in rats. 内毒素或血小板活化因子(PAF)引起的大鼠休克时的全身和局部血流动力学变化。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1993-12-01

M F Mulder, A A van Lambalgen, A A van Kraats, P G Scheffer, A A Bouman, G C van den Bos, L G Thijs

{"title":"Systemic and regional hemodynamic changes during endotoxin or platelet activating factor (PAF)-induced shock in rats.","authors":"M F Mulder, A A van Lambalgen, A A van Kraats, P G Scheffer, A A Bouman, G C van den Bos, L G Thijs","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"To evaluate the role of platelet activating factor (PAF) during endotoxin shock, we compared its effects with those of endotoxin. We measured arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO; thermodilution), arterial lactate (Calact), organ blood flow (radioactive microspheres), and organ vascular resistance in four groups of anesthetized (pentobarbital) male Wistar rats (n = 7 per group), infused from t = 0 to t = 60 min with saline (group C: time matched control), endotoxin Escherichia coli O127:B8, 8 mg.kg-1 (group E), a \"low PAF dose\" (1 microgram.kg-1) to cause the same decrease in MAP as in group E (group PL), or a \"high PAF dose\" (3 micrograms.kg-1) to cause the same decrease in CO as in group E (group PH). At t = 60 min, MAP had decreased by 33% in E and PL, and by 55% in PH group. CO had decreased by 41% in the E and PH group. Calact had increased in the E and PH group by 300 and 200%, respectively. In the E, PL and PH group, coronary vascular resistance decreased. In the splanchnic organs, endotoxin caused a decrease in blood flow due to vasoconstriction, whereas PAF (both concentrations) caused vasodilation (except for spleen). Renal vascular resistance decreased (P < 0.05) in the PL group. In all groups, vascular resistance had increased (P < 0.05) in skin, and not changed in skeletal muscle (P < 0.05). Thus, hemodynamic changes after PAF infusion were partially similar to those after endotoxin infusion (coronary vasodilation and vasoconstriction in spleen and skin).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19134501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inhibition of CD18-dependent adherence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes does not affect liver oxygen consumption in fecal peritonitis in pigs. 抑制cd18依赖性多形核白细胞粘附不影响猪粪便性腹膜炎的肝脏耗氧量。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1993-12-01

S Wollert, I Rasmussen, C Lundberg, B Gerdin, D Arvidsson, U Haglund

{"title":"Inhibition of CD18-dependent adherence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes does not affect liver oxygen consumption in fecal peritonitis in pigs.","authors":"S Wollert, I Rasmussen, C Lundberg, B Gerdin, D Arvidsson, U Haglund","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We tested the hypothesis that circulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), adhering to endothelium of the liver vascular bed are involved in the alterations of the liver oxygen delivery (DO2) and consumption (VO2) that is a result of fecal peritonitis in pigs. Twenty-two pigs were divided into three groups. Animals in group I (n = 7) served as controls. Fecal peritonitis was induced in groups II (n = 7) and III (n = 8). Animals in group III were pretreated with IB4, a monoclonal anti-CD18 antibody inhibiting adherence of PMNs to the endothelium. Peritonitis increased liver VO2 in groups II and III in spite of decreased liver DO2. In group I, circulating PMNs increased during the experimental period. Sepsis caused a decrease in the number of circulating PMNs in group II, an effect that was fully counteracted in group III, where the number of PMNs rose to control level. Myeloperoxidase activity and morphometric determination of PMN infiltration in liver biopsies virtually paralleled the circulating PMN count. Although fecal peritonitis is followed by a CD18-dependent leukopenia that can be counteracted by pretreatment with an anti-CD18 antibodies, this treatment does not affect the alteration in liver VO2 and DO2 observed.","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18905715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Increase in the plasma concentration of reduced glutathione observed in rats with liver damage induced by lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine: effects of ulinastatin, a urinary trypsin inhibitor. 脂多糖/ d -半乳糖胺所致肝损伤大鼠血浆还原性谷胱甘肽浓度升高:尿胰蛋白酶抑制剂乌司他丁的作用

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1993-12-01

H Okabe, K Irita, K Kurosawa, K Tagawa, A Koga, M Yamakawa, J Yoshitake, S Takahashi

{"title":"Increase in the plasma concentration of reduced glutathione observed in rats with liver damage induced by lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine: effects of ulinastatin, a urinary trypsin inhibitor.","authors":"H Okabe, K Irita, K Kurosawa, K Tagawa, A Koga, M Yamakawa, J Yoshitake, S Takahashi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The changes in plasma concentrations of reduced glutathione were investigated in rats with endotoxin hepatitis. An increase in serum alanine aminotransferase activity and in serum total bilirubin concentration was observed 12 hr after the intraperitoneal co-administration of small doses of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide and D-galactosamine in starved rats. At the same time, an increase in the plasma concentration of reduced glutathione was also observed. The increase in reduced glutathione from 14 +/- 2 to 20 +/- 9 microM (n = 11, P < 0.05) correlated well with that in serum alanine aminotransferase activity. Ulinastatin, a potent inhibitor of polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase, partially counteracted all of these changes. Ulinastatin also reduced histological liver damage induced by endotoxin. We conclude that the increase in the plasma concentration of reduced glutathione reflects hepatocellular damage associated with endotoxin hepatitis. The partial reversal of the damage by ulinastatin is consistent with the proposal that the activation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes is involved in endotoxin hepatitis.","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19134505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dextran vs. hydroxyethylstarch in inhibition of postischemic leukocyte adherence in striated muscle. 右旋糖酐与羟乙基淀粉对横纹肌缺血后白细胞粘附的抑制作用。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1993-12-01

M D Menger, C Thierjung, F Hammersen, K Messmer

{"title":"Dextran vs. hydroxyethylstarch in inhibition of postischemic leukocyte adherence in striated muscle.","authors":"M D Menger, C Thierjung, F Hammersen, K Messmer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Microvascular injury associated with ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is characterized by both \"no reflow\" and \"reflow paradox.\" Prophylactic isovolemic hemodilution with dextran 60 to a hematocrit of 30% has been shown to prevent I/R-induced capillary no reflow in striated muscle. The objective of the present study was to analyze whether hemodilution prior to ischemia has the potential to reduce postischemic leukocyte-endothelium interaction, which is known to be one of the major components of I/R-induced reflow paradox. Syrian golden hamsters (n = 21) were fitted with a dorsal skinfold chamber, which contains striated muscle and subcutaneous tissue and allows for repetitive analyses of the microcirculation by means of intravital fluorescence microscopy. Four hr of pressure-induced ischemia and 30 min of subsequent reperfusion (controls, n = 7) resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) increase of microvascular leukocyte accumulation (40,630 +/- 12,731 mm-3) and adherence to the endothelial lining of postcapillary venules (74.2% +/- 11.5%) when compared to preischemic baseline (7,502 +/- 1,700 mm-3 and 3.4% +/- 1.0%, respectively). Recovery was not complete after an observation period of 24 hr reperfusion [13,735 +/- 2,666 mm-3 (P < 0.05) and 18.5% +/- 6.0% (P < 0.05)]. Prophylactic isovolemic hemodilution with 6% dextran 60 (Dx60) to a hematocrit of 30% (Dx60, n = 7) significantly attenuated postischemic leukocyte accumulation (23,402 +/- 13,837 mm-3; P < 0.05 vs. controls) and adherence (22.6% +/- 6.4%; P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18519379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrophysiologic properties of isolated adult cardiomyocytes from septic rats. 脓毒症大鼠离体成年心肌细胞的电生理特性。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1993-12-01

S N Wu, S I Lue, S L Yang, H K Hsu, M S Liu

{"title":"Electrophysiologic properties of isolated adult cardiomyocytes from septic rats.","authors":"S N Wu, S I Lue, S L Yang, H K Hsu, M S Liu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we examined the effect of sepsis on the electrical properties of isolated ventricular myocytes. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The control rats were sham-operated. Membrane potentials and ionic currents in isolated cardiac myocytes were measured by the tight-seal, whole-cell patch-clamp technique. The results show that the resting membrane potentials of heart cells were significantly lower in the septic group (18 hr post-CLP) than those in the control group. However, there was no significant difference in action potential duration of 50% and 90% repolarization between the two groups of cells. In voltage-clamp experiments, isoproterenol (10 nM), a beta-adrenergic agonist, caused an increase in L-type calcium current (ICa,L) in a similar magnitude in myocytes isolated from the control and septic rats. Furthermore, isoproterenol failed to modify the time constants for ICa,L inactivation and the overall shape of current-voltage relationship for both groups of cells. These results indicate that formation of a G omega seal and subsequent tight-seal whole-cell recording with patch-clamp technique can be performed in heart cells derived from CLP-induced septic rats, and that septic rat heart is capable of responding effectively to beta-adrenergic stimulation.","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19134502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Macrophage treatment in suckling rat endotoxic shock. 巨噬细胞治疗哺乳大鼠内毒素休克。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1993-12-01

M Goto, R C Lichtenberg, M E Gottschalk, C L Anderson, H L Mathews, W P Zeller

引用次数: 0

Ketoisocaproate infusion improves survival from experimental sepsis by an antioxidant mechanism. 酮异己酸输注通过抗氧化机制提高实验性败血症的生存率。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1993-12-01

T Yonekura, S Matsusue, M Walser

引用次数: 0

Subcutaneous and gut tissue perfusion and oxygenation changes as related to oxygen transport in experimental peritonitis. 实验性腹膜炎的皮下和肠组织灌注和氧合变化与氧转运的关系。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1993-12-01

J B Antonsson, K Kuttila, J Niinikoski, U H Haglund

{"title":"Subcutaneous and gut tissue perfusion and oxygenation changes as related to oxygen transport in experimental peritonitis.","authors":"J B Antonsson, K Kuttila, J Niinikoski, U H Haglund","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Peritonitis and septic shock may lead to tissue hypoxia, but this risk is not identical in all organ systems. This study was undertaken to measure changes in tissue oxygenation and perfusion in the gut wall and subcutaneous tissue, respectively, and to examine their relation to oxygen delivery and consumption. Twelve pigs were anesthesized and mechanically ventilated. An ultrasonic flow probe was placed around the superior mesenteric artery for registration of blood flow. A mesenteric vein was cannulated for blood sampling. For calculation of gut intramural pH (pHi), a Silastic balloon (Tonomitor) was placed in the lumen of the midileum. pHi was calculated from tonometrically measured PCO2 and arterial bicarbonate concentration. The subcutaneous PO2 was measured by means of an oxygen-permeable Silastic tube implanted in the subcutis of the abdominal wall. Oxygen delivery (DO2) and consumption (VO2) were determined for the gut as well as for the whole body. In six randomly allocated animals, peritonitis was induced after a stabilization period of at least 1 hr, by instillation of autologous faeces into the abdominal cavity, while the other six animals served as controls. The animals were then followed for 5 hr. pHi remained stable in the control group, whereas a drop from 7.37 to 7.02 took place in the peritonitis group. In the test group, subcutaneous oxygen tension (PscO2) already began to fall 1 hr after the induction of peritonitis, and gained the minimum at the end of the study. In peritonitis, a moderate correlation was seen between pHi and DO2 (r = 0.51 +/- 0.16); no statistical difference was noted if pHi was correlated to gut DO2 (r = 0.56 +/- 0.18).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19134504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transmigration routes and a delayed systemic hypotension in rats after intraperitoneal injection of endotoxin from Escherichia coli. 腹腔注射大肠杆菌内毒素后大鼠的转运途径和迟发性全身性低血压。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1993-11-01

K Sugimoto, M Kawamura, M Katori, M Shindo, T Ohwada

{"title":"Transmigration routes and a delayed systemic hypotension in rats after intraperitoneal injection of endotoxin from Escherichia coli.","authors":"K Sugimoto, M Kawamura, M Katori, M Shindo, T Ohwada","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"An intraperitoneal injection of endotoxin (ETX; 3 mg/kg) to rats caused gradual decrease in the systemic arterial blood pressure for up to 3 hr, together with decrease in heart rate, increase in hematocrit, and changes in the core temperature (an initial increase and a subsequent decrease). Pretreatment of rats with indomethacin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) prevented the decrease in the systemic blood pressure and the changes in other three parameters. The intraperitoneal injection of ETX also induced a gradual increase in exudation of plasma for up to 3 hr, with increased levels of prostaglandin (PG) E2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in the peritoneal exudate. Indomethacin inhibited the exudation of plasma. The levels of ETX in the arterial and portal venous plasmas began to increase 5 min after the intraperitoneal injection of ETX, and reached levels on the order of micrograms per milliliter plasma 10-20 min after the injection. The levels of ETX in the right and left thoracic lymph nodes, but not in the mesenteric lymph nodes, increased in parallel with those in the systemic arterial plasma. In conclusion, the delayed hypotension may be attributable to the mesenteric vasodilatation induced by PGs generated in the peritoneal cavity, and the ETX injected entered the systemic circulation mainly through lymphatic vessels, but in the initial stage, a part of ETX may be transmigrated into portal vein through damaged intestine.","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19257020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0