Clinical and experimental rheumatology最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the metabolic score for insulin resistance in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.","authors":"Antonio Aznar-Esquivel, Marta Hernández-González, María García-González, Fuensanta Gómez-Bernal, Juan Carlos Quevedo-Abeledo, Cristina Almeida-Santiago, Amparo Molina-Tercero, Elena Heras-Recuero, Antonia De Vera-González, Alejandra González-Delgado, Beatriz Tejera-Segura, Miguel Ángel González-Gay, Iván Ferraz-Amaro","doi":"10.55563/clinexprheumatol/m42g9r","DOIUrl":"10.55563/clinexprheumatol/m42g9r","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR) is a novel, non-insulin-based marker used to assess insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk in healthy individuals. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to calculate METS-IR in a large cohort of patients with SLE and to examine its relationship with disease characteristics and cardiovascular comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 308 patients with SLE were recruited. METS-IR was calculated, and the activity (SLEDAI and SLEDAS) and damage index (SDI) scores, full lipid profile, insulin resistance indices through HOMA2 (Homeostasis Model Assessment) calculation and carotid subclinical atherosclerosis were assessed. A multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between METS-IR and clinical as well as laboratory disease characteristics, with a particular focus on cardiovascular comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>METS-IR was not associated with SLE-related disease duration, activity, or damage. However, C-reactive protein levels, as well as positivity for anticardiolipin IgG and anti-beta2 glycoprotein I IgG antibodies, were independently associated with higher METS-IR values after multivariable analysis. Additionally, after adjusting for covariates, apolipoprotein B and A1 levels, along with the atherogenic index, showed significant positive associations with METS-IR. Furthermore, higher serum insulin and C-peptide levels, as well as HOMA-derived measures of insulin resistance and beta cell function, were positively and significantly correlated with elevated METS-IR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with SLE, METS-IR remains associated with cardiometabolic parameters, including lipid profile and insulin resistance. However, disease-specific factors such as disease activity and accumulated damage show no association with METS-IR.</p>","PeriodicalId":10274,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145174049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of visceral adipose tissue with inflammation and functional impairment in women with Sjögren's disease.","authors":"Andre S Franco, Igor H Murai, Thomas H Yang, Virginia L N Bonoldi, Valeria de Falco Caparbo, Lissiane Guedes, Diogo S Domiciano, Sandra G Pasoto, Camille P Figueiredo, Rosa M R Pereira","doi":"10.55563/clinexprheumatol/fa4tn3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55563/clinexprheumatol/fa4tn3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the association between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) levels and inflammation, disease activity, and functional impairment in women with primary Sjögren's Disease (SjD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 100 female patients with SjD from a tertiary care clinic who met the ACR/EULAR 2016 classification criteria. Disease activity was assessed using the ESSDAI and ESSPRI scores, while cumulative damage was evaluated by the SSDI. Inflammatory markers, synovitis (via ultrasound), and functional disability using the HAQ were measured. Body composition, including VAT, was analysed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Handgrip strength and physical activity (Baecke questionnaire) were also assessed. Patients were categorised into VAT tertiles, and comparisons were made to healthy controls. Correlations between VAT, disease activity, and synovitis were analysed using multiple regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patients had a mean age of 50.5±9.3 years, BMI of 28.2±5.6 kg/m², and median disease duration of 8 years. The highest VAT tertile was associated with a higher prevalence of synovitis (75.7% vs. 51.5%; p=0.041), lower handgrip strength (p=0.025), and higher HAQ scores (p<0.001). VAT mass was significantly correlated with obesity (p<0.001), functional disability (p=0.002), and ESSPRI (p=0.01). Postmenopausal patients had significantly higher VAT levels than premenopausal patients (p=0.005). There were no significant correlations between VAT and inflammation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated VAT levels in SjD are associated with increased disease activity, a higher prevalence of synovitis, and greater functional disability, suggesting that VAT may contribute to the functional impairment observed in SjD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10274,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lupus or not? Idiopathic full house glomerulonephritis: a rare nephropathy with unexpectedly severe outcome.","authors":"Savino Sciascia, Martina Cozzi, Amin Fadaeibahreini, Massimo Radin, Irene Cecchi, Antonella Barreca, Giorgio Amore, Emanuele De Simone, Roberta Fenoglio, Dario Roccatello","doi":"10.55563/clinexprheumatol/fl31td","DOIUrl":"10.55563/clinexprheumatol/fl31td","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>A full-house pattern at immunofluorescence in kidney biopsies is usually associated with lupus nephritis. The cases that do not meet criteria for diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and have no secondary causes are classified as idiopathic full house (non-Lupus) nephropathy (iFH-N), which is a poorly defined entity. We aimed to evaluate the clinical presentation, renal outcome and development of SLE in the long term.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We carried out a retrospective observational study from 2012 to 2022 on patients with iFH-N, i.e. having a full-house pattern at immunofluorescence, but not meeting the criteria for the diagnosis of SLE and without a secondary cause.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2210 patients, 91 presented with full-house pattern at immunofluorescence: 84 had the criteria for SLE diagnosis, 2 had secondary causes, 5 were idiopathic. iFH-N cases were all young females with histological pattern of membranous nephropathy and impaired kidney function, at presentation two had a nephrotic syndrome, three a nephrotic range proteinuria. Mean serum creatinine was 2.1 mg/dl (SD± 0.47), mean eGFR 35.2 ml/min/1.73m2 (SD±11), mean proteinuria 7.1 gr/24h (SD±3.2). Four had negative antinuclear antibodies; none had anti-dsDNA, anti-extractable nuclear antigens, antiphospholipid antibodies; three had low C3 levels. All received aggressive immunosuppression (IS), including steroids, cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate mofetil or Intensified B Cell Depletion Protocol. Mean follow-up was 7.4 year (SD ± 2.4). Four patients (80%) developed end stage renal disease, three within 24 months, one patient chronic kidney disease stage 4. One subject developed SLE after two years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All patients with iFH-N had similar clinical presentation, appeared to be refractory to aggressive IS, and had poor renal outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":10274,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145173978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of ultrasound in autoimmune diseases: a bibliometric study (2008-2024).","authors":"Zhihao Qiu, Wenhui Zhu, Jiayue Zhou, Ye Shen, Ruibo Xia, Kepeng Yang, Zhengfu Li, Yanjie Liu","doi":"10.55563/clinexprheumatol/53qm54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55563/clinexprheumatol/53qm54","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are chronic inflammatory disorders characterised by systemic or organ-specific immune hyperactivation. Ultrasound (US), a radiation-free, cost-effective, and operator-friendly imaging modality, holds significant potential for clinical management of ADs. This study aims to map the global research landscape of US in ADs through bibliometric analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>English-language articles and reviews were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace was used for cluster analysis and burst detection of research; VOSviewer generated co-occurrence networks; Biblioshiny R package visualised contributions by countries, institutions, authors, journals, citations, and keywords.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1333 publications (2008-2024) were analysed. France emerged as the leading contributor in influence metrics, with Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris as the central collaborative hub. Key researchers included Craig Sable, Andrea Beaton, and Emmy Okello. Core journals were Echocardiography-a Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques and Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology. Current research priorities focus on rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), while glandular and intestinal ultrasonography show emerging potential.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Over the past 16 years, US has demonstrated versatile roles in ADs, validating its clinical utility. Future priorities include reducing the disease burden of RHD and advancing precision medicine in RA through US-guided strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10274,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145174023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anifrolumab in systemic lupus erythematosus: real-world experience from a single academic tertiary care centre.","authors":"Paul Classen, Simone Boedecker-Lips, Vanessa Tomalla, Daniel Kraus, Andreas Kommer, Marco Stortz, Arndt Weinmann, Myriam Meineck, Sabrina Saurin, Matthias Plath, Janine Riepl, Julia Weinmann-Menke","doi":"10.55563/clinexprheumatol/728zl6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55563/clinexprheumatol/728zl6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of anifrolumab, a human monoclonal antibody to type I interferon receptor subunit 1, on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) at a German academic tertiary care centre in a real-life setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated disease activity, clinical course and adverse events in a single-centre prospective observational cohort study of 26 SLE patients at baseline, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months of anifrolumab treatment. The decision to initiate therapy was made according to current guidelines (EULAR 2024).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant reduction in the disease activity indices SLE-Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2k) (6.0±3.9 vs. 2.8±2.6, p≤0.001) and European Consensus Lupus Activity Measurement Index (ECLAM) (1.92 ±1.16 vs. 0.94±0.99, p=0.001) after just three months of treatment. After 12 months, definition of remission in SLE (DORIS) was achieved in 53% of patients and lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS) in 89% of patients. Mucocutaneous manifestations responded quickly and there were significant improvements in fatigue and arthritis/arthralgia. A favourable response was also seen in patients who had received previous therapies or after long duration of the disease. This was accompanied by a reduction in the glucocorticoid dose. Overall, the drug was safe and well tolerated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In our real-world experience, anifrolumab achieved sustained remission after just 3 months of treatment and a significant reduction in disease activity in most patients. These data suggest that SLE patients with active disease benefit from anifrolumab therapy regardless of prior therapies or disease duration.</p>","PeriodicalId":10274,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145174025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the efficacy of anticoagulation therapy in the treatment of vascular Behçet's disease: a systematic review.","authors":"Mahmud Omar, Fadi Hassan, Mohammad E Naffaa","doi":"10.55563/clinexprheumatol/t03f5r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55563/clinexprheumatol/t03f5r","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Behçet's disease (BD) often presents with vascular complications, termed vascular Behçet's disease (VBD). While immunosuppression (IS) is the cornerstone of treatment, the role of anticoagulation (AC) is debated. This systematic review aims to consolidate and summarise the current evidence on the efficacy and safety of AC in VBD, especially considering emerging studies post-2018 European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) recommendations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic search across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus up to January 2024, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. We included studies that investigated the impact of AC on VBD outcomes, using the Joanna Briggs Institute tools for data extraction and risk of bias assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our search yielded 2,202 articles, with 34 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Results indicate variable AC coverage, from 10.8% to 98.6% across studies, with different anticoagulants employed. Some studies highlighted significant benefits of AC in reducing thrombotic events and improving surgical outcomes, whereas others showed neutral or limited effects. Safety profiles were generally favourable, with low incidences of significant bleeding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AC therapy can be beneficial in certain contexts of VBD, particularly in reducing thrombosis recurrence and managing postoperative complications. However, the benefits of AC are not uniformly demonstrated across all patient settings, suggesting a tailored approach to AC use in VBD might be warranted. The findings underscore the necessity for randomised controlled trials to clarify the optimal therapeutic strategies for AC in conjunction with IS in BD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10274,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of systemic amyloidosis in a patient with heterozygous P369S mutation in MEFV gene.","authors":"Dilara Bulut Gökten, Ömer Atakan Soğur, Rıdvan Mercan","doi":"10.55563/clinexprheumatol/6usbg0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55563/clinexprheumatol/6usbg0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10274,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria disease and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positivity: a retrospective analysis of long-term clinical outcomes including vasculitis onset.","authors":"Nobuhiro Oda, Hiroki Matsui, Naoki Oya, Tomo Suzuki, Ryo Hazue, Ryo Rokutanda","doi":"10.55563/clinexprheumatol/2kjm03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55563/clinexprheumatol/2kjm03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the positivity rate of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) and the incidence of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) in pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective observational study using electronic medical records of patients diagnosed with pulmonary NTM disease who subsequently underwent testing for myeloperoxidase (MPO) or proteinase 3 (PR3) ANCA. We identified cases of vasculitis among these patients and documented those who developed AAV. Additionally, we reviewed the literature for previously reported cases of AAV following pulmonary NTM disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 63 patients with pulmonary NTM disease who subsequently underwent ANCA testing. Seven cases (11.1%) tested positive, predominantly for MPO-ANCA. Among them, five patients (71.4%) developed AAV, with three demonstrating concurrent NTM culture positivity at the time of AAV diagnosis. Three patients were diagnosed with microscopic polyangiitis, while the remaining two were diagnosed with granulomatosis with polyangiitis and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, respectively. In our case series of AAV, most patients developed glomerulonephritis. Additionally, a review of the existing literature revealed eight previously reported cases of AAV associated with pulmonary NTM disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study is one of the largest to investigate the proportion of patients positive for ANCA with pulmonary NTM infection. Our findings suggest an association between NTM infection and AAV and highlight the importance of measuring ANCA in patients with NTM. Further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms and identify risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":10274,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avacopan with combined cyclophosphamide and rituximab for induction therapy in severe ANCA-associated vasculitis: retrospective observational study of 30 patients in two German referral centres.","authors":"Gunter Assmann, El-Baraa Adjailia, Sebastian Klapa, Katja von Allwoerden, Kerstin Amann, Ryszard Turkiewicz, Joerg Radermacher, Peter Lamprecht","doi":"10.55563/clinexprheumatol/7sz0zp","DOIUrl":"10.55563/clinexprheumatol/7sz0zp","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Combination therapy of rituximab (RTX) and cyclophosphamide (CYC) can be considered for the induction of remission in severe anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). The presented study reports on the safety and efficacy of the complement C5a receptor inhibition with avacopan in the patients with severe ANCA-associated vasculitis treated with RTX and CYC in combination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis of the clinical course, response to and safety of avacopan in combination with RTX and CYC in 30 patients with severe ANCA-associated vasculitis with renal and at least two further organ-threatening involvement treated in two German referral centres.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median observation time was 49 weeks (range 26-52). All patients achieved remission by week 24. Mean BVAS score was 22.8 (range 12-53) at baseline; mean eGFR increased from 44.0 ml/min per 1.73m2 at baseline to 57.6 ml/min per 1.73m2 by week 52. GC comedication was discontinued in 17 of 29 (58.6%) patients by week 24, and in 23 of 28 (82.1%) by week 52. One patient discontinued avacopan treatment due to urosepsis, another due to refractory disease. There was a significant difference in dialysis dependency of GC-free patients versus GC-treated patients at week 24 (n=1 vs. 4, p=0.048, OR 0.12, CI:0.01-1.25).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this observational study, avacopan as GC-sparing agent appeared safe and efficacious in combination with RTX and CYC for remission induction in severe ANCA-associated vasculitis. In this subgroup, prospective studies are needed to determine the efficacy and safety of avacopan in combination with RTX and CYC for guidance of a GC-sparing strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10274,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting patients' empowerment in rheumatic diseases: the perspective of the International Society of Behçet's Disease Working Group on Patient Empowerment, Adherence to Therapy and Patients' Education.","authors":"Federica Di Cianni, Diana Marinello, Andreas Altenburg, Umit Karacayli, Giacomo Emmi, Michael Schirmer, Gonca Mumcu, Farida Fortune, Rosaria Talarico","doi":"10.55563/clinexprheumatol/rk42aa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55563/clinexprheumatol/rk42aa","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Behçet's disease (BD) is a rare multisystemic vasculitis that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Effective management of BD requires a patient-centred approach that empowers individuals to actively participate in their care. This work explores the importance of patient empowerment, adherence to treatment, and patient education in BD. The impact of BD on quality of life (QOL) is significant, affecting both physical and psychological well-being. QOL measures are essential in capturing the full burden of the disease from the patient's perspective, helping guide interventions that can improve disease management. Moreover, treatment adherence remains a major challenge due to various factors, including medication complexity, fear of side effects, and patient perceptions of their health status. Empowerment strategies, including education and emotional support, are crucial to improving adherence and reducing healthcare costs. Empowering BD patients involves fostering a collaborative relationship between healthcare providers and patients, promoting shared decision-making and enhancing patients' knowledge and skills to manage their condition. Patient education plays a crucial role in empowering patients by providing them with accurate information about the disease, treatment options, and self-management strategies. The International Society for Behçet's Disease Working Group on Patient Empowerment, Adherence to Therapy, and Patient Education aims to address these issues by developing global strategies to empower BD patients, caregivers and healthcare providers. This initiative promotes collaboration across the BD community, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes and serving as a model for similar efforts in other disease areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":10274,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145029025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}