Chinese Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Melittin - the main component of bee venom: a promising therapeutic agent for neuroprotection through keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway activation.","authors":"Cong Duc Nguyen, Jaehee Yoo, Sang Jun Jeong, Hai-Anh Ha, Ji Hye Yang, Gihyun Lee, Jeong Cheol Shin, Jae-Hong Kim","doi":"10.1186/s13020-024-01020-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-024-01020-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2)/ Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway, known for its significant role in regulating innate antioxidant defense mechanisms, is increasingly being recognized for its potential in neuroprotection studies. Derived from bee venom, melittin's neuroprotective effects have raised interest. This study confirmed that melittin specificity upregulated the weakened Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in mice brain. Interestingly, we also revealed melittin's efficient tactic, as it was suggested to first restore redox balance and then gradually stabilized other regulations of the mouse hippocampus. Using a neuro-stress-induced scopolamine model, chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis revealed that melittin crossed the compromised blood-brain barrier and accumulated in the hippocampus, which provided the chance to interact directly to weakened neurons. A wide range of improvements of melittin action were observed from various tests from behavior Morris water maze, Y maze test to immune florescent staining, western blots. As we need to find out what is the focus of melittin action, we conducted a careful observation in mice which showed that: the first signs of changes, in the hippocampus, within 5 h after melittin administration were the restoration of the Nrf2/HO-1 system and suppression of oxidative stress. After this event, from 7 to 12.5 h after administration, a diversity of conditions was all ameliorated: inflammation, apoptosis, neurotrophic factors, cholinergic function, and tissue ATP level. This chain reaction underscores that melittin focus was on redox balance's role, which revived multiple neuronal functions. Evidence of enhancement in the mouse hippocampus led to further exploration with hippocampal cell line HT22 model. Immunofluorescence analysis showed melittin-induced Nrf2 translocation to the nucleus, which would initiating the translation of antioxidant genes like HO-1. Pathway inhibitors pinpointed melittin's direct influence on the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. 3D docking models and pull-down assays suggested melittin's direct interaction with Keap1, the regulator of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Overall, this study not only highlighted melittin specifically effect on Nrf2/HO-1, thus rebalancing cellular redox, and also showed that this is an effective multi-faceted therapeutic strategy against neurodegeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"166"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11603938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of jianxin granules in the treatment of heart failure based on proteomics and metabolomics.","authors":"Chen Yongzhong, Chen Hui, Zhang Luting, Guo Wei, Huang Yiqing, Guo Yiru, Su Linqiu, Xu Rong, Li Xi, Ouyang Qiufang","doi":"10.1186/s13020-024-01009-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-024-01009-6","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Heart failure (HF) is associated with high mortality and rehospitalization rates, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Jianxin (JX) granules, a Traditional Chinese Medicine formulation, have been patented for the treatment of HF. However, the specific therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of JX granules have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed at investigating the effects and mechanism of JX granules in the treatment of HF based on proteomics and metabolomic profiling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;HF model was established in rats by ligation of left coronary artery. The successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into three groups: the model group, the JX granules group, and Sacubitril/Valsartan (S/V) group. Four weeks after treatment, left ventricular (LV) function was evaluated via echocardiography. LV fibrosis and apoptosis were examined through histological analyses, while mitochondrial morphology was assessed using transmission electron microscopy. Quantitative assessment of oxidative stress was also conducted. Proteomics was used to identify the differentially expressed proteins and potential pathways. Metabolomics was utilized to elucidate the variations in metabolism. Then western blotting and in vitro analyses were performed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A rat model of HF was established, evidenced by a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), stroke volume (SV), and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), alongside diminished adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, elevated oxidative stress, augmented apoptosis, and disrupted pyruvate metabolism. Treatment with JX granules ameliorated these effects, improving systolic function, reducing ventricular chamber size, and increasing LVEF, SV, and LVFS, as assessed by echocardiography. Additionally, JX granules attenuated cardiac fibrosis and improved mitochondrial structure, as evidenced by less vacuolation and clearer mitochondrial cristae, when compared to the model group. The treatment also regulated apoptosis-related protein expression, partially reversing the increase in cleaved Caspase-9, cleaved Caspase-3, and Bax and the suppression of Bcl-2 observed in the heart failure rats. All of these effects were similar to S/V. Proteomic and metabolomic analyses identified key differential genes, such as triosephosphate isomerase 1 (TPI1), lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB), pyruvate kinase M (PKM), protein kinase B (Akt), Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Beta (PDHB) and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), as well as vital pathways including carbon metabolism, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, pyruvate metabolism, and HIF-1α signaling pathway. Moreover, JX granules mitigated oxidative stress, inhibited apoptosis, and activated Akt in H9c2 cells exposed to angiotensin II, which could be reversed by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;JX granules improve HF in parallel to the efficacy of S/V, a","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"165"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11604013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pedunculoside alleviates cognitive deficits and neuronal cell apoptosis by activating the AMPK signaling cascade.","authors":"Liwei Li, Jinfeng Sun, Fan Chen, Li Xiong, Lingyu She, Tang Hao, Yuqing Zeng, Luyao Li, Wei Wang, Xia Zhao, Guang Liang","doi":"10.1186/s13020-024-01033-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-024-01033-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mitochondrial dysfunction emerges as an early pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential and the elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production are pivotal in the initiation of neuronal cell apoptosis. Pedunculoside(Ped), a novel triterpene saponin derived from the dried barks of Ilex rotunda Thunb, exhibits a potent anti-inflammatory effect. In the course of drug screening, we discovered that Ped offers significant protection against apoptosis induced by Aβ1-42. Nevertheless, the role and mechanism of Ped in AD are yet to be elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular ROS production. The expression of proteins associated with apoptosis was determined using western blot analysis and flow cytometry. In vivo, the pathological characteristics of AD were investigated through Western blot and tissue immunofluorescence techniques. Cognitive function was assessed using the Morris Water Maze and Novel Object Recognition tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrated that Ped decreased apoptosis in PC12 cells, reduced the generation of intracellular ROS, and restored mitochondrial membrane potential. Mechanistically, we found that the protective effect of Ped against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity was associated with activation of the AMPK/GSK-3β/Nrf2 signaling pathway. In vivo, Ped alleviated memory deficits and inhibited neuronal apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in the hippocampus of 3 × Tg AD mice, along with the activation of the AMPK signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicate that Ped exerts its neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress and apoptosis through the AMPK signaling cascade. The results demonstrate that Ped is a potential candidate for the treatment of AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"163"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11583384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrodin attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy characterized by myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting the KLK8-PAR1 signaling axis.","authors":"MingShan Zhang, YuFei Zhang, JingGang He, XinRui Wang, YinYin Wang, LinYan Li, Ling Tao, Min Zhang, Xiangchun Shen","doi":"10.1186/s13020-024-01035-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-024-01035-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), characterized by myocardial fibrosis, is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in diabetic patients; the inhibition of cardiac fibrosis is a fundamental strategy for treating DCM. Gastrodin (GAS), a compound extracted from Gastrodia elata protects against DCM, but the molecular mechanism underlying its antifibrotic effect has not been elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In vivo, the effects of GAS were investigated using C57BL/6 mice with DCM, which was induced by administering a high-sugar, high-fat (HSF) diet and streptozotocin (STZ). We assessed the cardiac function in these mice and detected histopathological changes in their hearts and the degree of cardiac fibrosis. In vitro, neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were transformed into myofibroblasts by exposing them to high glucose combined with high palmitic acid (HG-PA), and CFs were induced by pEX-1 (pGCMV/MCS/EGFP/Neo) plasmid-mediated overexpression of KLK8, which contains the rat KLK8 gene. The KLK8 siRNA was knocked down to study the effects of GAS on CF differentiation, collagen synthesis, and cell migration by specific mechanisms of action of GAS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GAS attenuated pathological changes in the hearts of DCM mice, rescued impaired cardiac function, and attenuated cardiac fibrosis. Additionally, the results of molecular docking analysis showed that GAS binds to kinin-releasing enzyme-related peptidase 8 (KLK8) to inhibit the increase in protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1), thus attenuating myocardial fibrosis. Specifically, GAS attenuated the transformation of neonatal rat CFs to myofibroblasts exposed to HG-PA. Overexpressing KLK8 promoted CF differentiation, collagen synthesis, and cell migration, and KLK8 siRNA attenuated HG-PA-induced CF differentiation, collagen synthesis, and cell migration. Further studies revealed that a PAR-1 antagonist, but not a PAR-2 antagonist, could attenuate CF differentiation, collagen synthesis, and cell migration. Additionally, GAS inhibited KLK8 upregulation and PAR1 activation, thus blocking the differentiation, collagen synthesis, and cell migration of HG-PA-exposed CFs and triggering TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GAS alleviated pathological changes in the hearts of DCM model mice induced by an HSF diet combined with STZ. KLK8 mediated HG-PA-induced differentiation, collagen synthesis, and the migration of CFs. GAS attenuated the differentiation, collagen synthesis, and migration of CFs by inhibiting the KLK8-PAR1 signaling axis, a process in which TGF-β1 and Smad3 are involved.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"164"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11583739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of natural products and gut microbiome in tumor immunotherapy.","authors":"Luchang Cao, Xinmiao Wang, Xinyi Ma, Manman Xu, Jie Li","doi":"10.1186/s13020-024-01032-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-024-01032-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunotherapy is a novel treatment approach for malignant tumors, which has opened a new journey of anti-tumor therapy. Although some patients will show a positive response to immunotherapy, unfortunately, most patients and cancer types do not achieve an ideal response to immunotherapy. Therefore, it is urgent to search for the pathogenesis of sensitized immunotherapy. This review indicates that Fusobacterium nucleatum, Coprobacillus cateniformis, Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium, among others, as well as intestinal microbial metabolites are closely associated with resistance to anti-tumor immunotherapy. While natural products of pectin, inulin, jujube, anthocyanins, ginseng polysaccharides, diosgenin, camu-camu, and Inonotus hispidus (Bull).Fr. P. Karst, Icariside I, Safflower yellow, Ganoderma lucidum, and Ginsenoside Rk3, and other Chinese native medicinal compound prescriptions to boost their efficacy of anti-tumor immunotherapy through the regulation of microbiota and microbiota metabolites. However, current research mainly focuses on intestinal, liver, and lung cancer. In the future, natural products could be a viable option for treating malignant tumors, such as pancreatic, esophageal, and gastric malignancies, via sensitizing immunotherapy. Besides, the application characteristics of different types, sources and efficacy of natural products in different immune resistance scenarios also need to be further clarified through the development of future immunotherapy-related studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"161"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11580227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acupuncture improves the symptoms, serum ghrelin, and autonomic nervous system of patients with postprandial distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Zi-Tong Fu, Cun-Zhi Liu, Mi-Rim Kim, Yi-Duo Liu, Yu Wang, Yi-Ming Fu, Jing-Wen Yang, Na-Na Yang","doi":"10.1186/s13020-024-01028-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-024-01028-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Whether gastrointestinal hormones in patients with postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) are altered by acupuncture, and whether such alterations are related to the autonomic nervous system (ANS), remains an open question.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the effects of acupuncture on symptoms, serum hormones, and ANS in PDS patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted at Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated with Capital Medical University. Sixty-two PDS patients were randomly assigned equally to acupuncture or sham acupuncture arm (3 sessions per week for 4-week). The main outcome measures which were evaluated at baseline and 4-week included cardinal symptoms, serum hormones including ghrelin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), substance P (SP), and ANS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 62 randomly assigned participants, 51 (82%) were included in the baseline characteristics and outcome analysis. Gastrointestinal symptoms including response rate (p = 0.001) and dyspepsia symptom severity (p = 0.002) were significantly improved after acupuncture treatment. Serum ghrelin concentration was significantly higher in acupuncture group than in sham acupuncture group (8.34 ± 3.00 ng/ml versus 6.52 ± 2.00 ng/ml, p = 0.022) after 4-week treatment, instead of VIP and SP (p > 0.05). The acupuncture group had significantly higher vagal activity, showing with increasing of high-frequency component (HF, p ≤ 0.001) and decreasing of the ratio of low-frequency and HF (p ≤ 0.001). In relationship analysis, the HF component exhibited a significant inverse correlation with symptom severity (R = - 0.501, p ≤ 0.001), but not with ghrelin level (R = 0.026, p = 0.865).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Acupuncture may improve the symptoms and increase the ghrelin level of PDS patients, the therapeutic effect of acupuncture was associated with the alteration of vagal activity.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN12511434. Registered 31 March 2017, https://www.isrctn.com/ .</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"162"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11580632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomics and proteomics analyses of Chrysanthemi Flos: a mechanism study of changes in proteins and metabolites by processing methods.","authors":"Wei Zhang, Yu-Wen Qin, Yang-Fei Ding, Jun-Wei Xiong, Xiang-Wei Chang, Hong-Su Zhao, Cheng-Kai Xia, Jiu-Ba Zhang, Yu Li, Chun-Qin Mao, Tu-Lin Lu, De-Ling Wu","doi":"10.1186/s13020-024-01013-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-024-01013-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chrysanthemi Flos is a traditional Chinese medicine with a long history of medicinal use. Prior research suggests that the intrinsic composition of Chrysanthemi Flos is affected by shade-drying and oven-drying methods. Nevertheless, the effects of these methods on the proteins and metabolites of Chrysanthemi Flos have not been extensively studied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The TMT (tandem mass tag) quantitative proteomics method and the LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) non-targeted metabolomics method were used to systematically study the differences in the proteins and metabolites during the process of drying Chrysanthemi Flos in the shade and an oven.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Differentially accumulated metabolites and abundant proteins were primarily enriched in the purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, cyanogenic amino acid metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and starch and sucrose metabolism pathways. Primary metabolites, such as guanine, xanthine, cytidine 5'-diphosphate serine, L-isoleucine, stearidonic acid, alginate, and inulin, play a crucial role in providing energy for Chrysanthemi Flos to withstand desiccation stress. The upregulation of ferulate-5- hydroxylase (F5H), shikimate O hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT), caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT), and chalcone isomerase (CHI) enzymes promotes the synthesis of flavonoids, including sinapic acid, caffeoyl shikimic acid, and naringenin chalcone, which possess antioxidant properties. Despite the notable improvements in energy metabolism and antioxidant capacity, these enhancements proved insufficient in halting the senescence and ultimate demise of Chrysanthemi Flos. Moreover, the shade-drying method can inhibit protein expression and promote the accumulation of bioactive components, but the drying efficiency is low, while the oven-drying method exhibits rapid drying efficiency, it does not effectively preserve the components.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study offers a comprehensive explanation for the changes in protein expression and metabolite conversion observed in shade-dried and oven-dried Chrysanthemi Flos, also providing a foundation for optimizing the drying process of Chrysanthemi Flos.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"160"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11575428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taraxerone inhibits M1 polarization and alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by activating SIRT1.","authors":"Lang Deng, Weixi Xie, Miao Lin, Dayan Xiong, Lei Huang, Xiaohua Zhang, Rui Qian, Xiaoting Huang, Siyuan Tang, Wei Liu","doi":"10.1186/s13020-024-01002-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-024-01002-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute lung injury (ALI) is the most lethal disease associated with sepsis, and there is a lack of effective drug treatment. As the major cells of sepsis-induced ALI, macrophages polarize toward the proinflammatory M1 phenotype and secrete multiple inflammatory cytokines to accelerate the disease process through nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome signaling pathways. Taraxerone, the main component of the Chinese medicinal Sedum, possesses numerous biological activities. However, uncertainty remains regarding the potential of taraxerone to protect against sepsis-induced ALI. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of taraxerone against ALI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An animal model for ALI was established by cecal ligation and puncture and treated with taraxerone via intraperitoneal administration. The protective effect of taraxerone on the lungs was analyzed using H&E staining, dihydroethidium staining, ELISA kits, cell counting, myeloperoxidase kit, malondialdehyde kit, glutathione kit, superoxide dismutase kit and flow cytometry. Western blotting, RT-PCR, flow cytometry, co-immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence were used to investigate the regulatory of taraxerone on SIRT1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study demonstrates for the first time that taraxerone can activate SIRT1 in macrophages, promoting SIRT1 activity. This activation inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway primarily through the dephosphorylation and deacetylation of p65. Simultaneously, taraxerone disrupted the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway, thereby alleviating M1 polarization of macrophages and mitigating sepsis-induced pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress. In vivo, EX527 was used to validate the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects of taraxerone mediated by SIRT1.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SIRT1-mediated anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects may be important targets for taraxerone in treating ALI.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"159"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated approach for studying exposure, metabolism, and disposition of traditional Chinese medicine using PATBS and MDRB tools: a case study of semen Armeniacae Amarum.","authors":"Dandan Zhang, Junyu Zhang, Simian Chen, Hairong Zhang, Yuexin Yang, Shan Jiang, Yun Hong, Mingshe Zhu, Qiang Xie, Caisheng Wu","doi":"10.1186/s13020-024-01031-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-024-01031-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deciphering the in vivo processes of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is crucial for identifying new pharmacodynamic substances and new drugs. Due to the complexity and diversity of components, investigating the exposure, metabolism, and disposition remains a major challenge in TCM research. In recent years, a number of non-targeted smart mass-spectrometry (MS) techniques, such as precise-and-thorough background-subtraction (PATBS) and metabolomics, have realized the intelligent identification of in vivo components of TCM. However, the metabolites characterization still largely relies on manual identification in combination with online databases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We developed a scoring approach based on the structural similarity and minimal mass defect variations between metabolites and prototypes. The current method integrates three dimensions of mass spectral data including m/z, mass defect of MS1 and MS2, and the similarity of MS2 fragments, which was sequentially analyzed by a R-based mass dataset relevance bridging (MDRB) data post-processing technique. The MDRB technology constructed a component relationship network for TCM, significantly improving metabolite identification efficiency and facilitating the mapping of translational metabolic pathways. By combining MDRB with PATBS through this non-targeted identification technology, we developed a comprehensive strategy for identification, characterization and bridging analysis of TCM metabolite in vivo. As a proof of concept, we adopted the proposed strategy to investigate the process of exposure, metabolism, and disposition of Semen Armeniacae Amarum (CKXR) in mice.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>The currently proposed analytical approach is universally applicable and demonstrates its effectiveness in analyzing complex components of TCMs in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, it enables the correlation of in vitro and in vivo data, providing insights into the metabolic transformations among components sharing the same parent nucleus structure. Finally, the developed MDRB platform is publicly available for ( https://github.com/933ZhangDD/MDRB ) for accelerating TCM research for the scientific community.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"158"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periplaneta americana L. extract exerts neuroprotective effects by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress via AKT-dependent pathway in experimental models of Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Ting Cao, Xue-Lian Wang, Jiang-Yan Rao, Hui-Feng Zhu, Hong-Yi Qi, Zhen Tian","doi":"10.1186/s13020-024-01029-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-024-01029-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that currently has no curable strategies. More and more evidence suggests that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays an essential role in PD pathogenesis. Periplaneta americana L. (P. americana) is a traditional Chinese medicine with diverse therapeutic properties. This study aims to investigate the neuroprotective effect and underlying mechanism of P. americana in in vitro and in vivo PD models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The exposure of SH-SY5Y cells to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP⁺) was used as the in vitro PD model. MTT assay, Hoechst staining, Calcein AM-PI staining and flow cytometry were performed to measure the cell viability and apoptosis. DCFH-DA and JC-1 assay were used to measure the intracellular ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), respectively. Western-blot and immunostaining were conducted to detect the expression of key molecules related with ER stress. For the in vivo PD model induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydro-pyridine (MPTP), the motor function of mice was assessed by behavioral tests, the level of TH was examined by western-blot and immunostaining, the expression of key molecules related with ER stress was measured by western-blot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Periplaneta americana ethanol extract (PAE) concentration-dependently inhibited MPP⁺-induced cell loss and increased cell viability. PAE also remarkably attenuated ROS accumulation, the decline of Δψm as well as the excessive ER stress. The neuroprotective effects of PAE could be blocked by ROS inducer trimethylamine N-Oxide or ER stress activator tunicaymycin, while the antioxidant N-Acetyl-L-cysteine or ER stress inhibitor sodium 4-phenylbutyrate mimicked the effects of PAE. Furthermore, we found that PAE could activate AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway. The effect of PAE on ROS production, Δψm and ER stress was blocked by AKT inhibitor MK-2206. In in vivo model, PAE significantly improved motor function, prevented dopaminergic neuronal loss and attenuated ER stress in substantia nigra and striatum of MPTP-treated mice. Similarly, the effects of PAE on MPTP-treated mice were also abolished by MK-2206.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that P. americana exerts neuroprotective effects through inhibiting ER stress via AKT-dependent pathway. Periplaneta americana may represent a promising therapeutic agent for PD treatment and is worthy of further being exploited.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"157"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}