Chinese Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Hederasaponin C ameliorates chronic obstructive pulmonary disease pathogenesis by targeting TLR4 to inhibit NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways.","authors":"Yujie Ning, Liting Huang, Qin-Qin Wang, Lina Liu, Xinghua Ni, Xiaoyun Xie, Jingyu Liu, Qian Su, Shilin Yang, Renyikun Yuan, Hongwei Gao","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01155-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01155-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex respiratory disorder characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. Long-term exposure to harmful particulates and gases causes structural abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, activating NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways that drive chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling. Key features include an imbalance between proteolytic enzymes and inhibitors mediated by matrix metalloproteinases, and excessive mucus secretion due to mucin overexpression. These factors exacerbate airway obstruction and inflammation, contributing to disease progression. Hederasaponin C (HSC), a triterpenoid saponin with anti-inflammatory properties, shows potential in mitigating COPD-related inflammation, but its precise mechanisms require further investigation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated the impact of HSC on COPD models induced by CSE + LPS using a comprehensive approach. In vitro studies included Western blotting, qRT-PCR, ELISA, and immunofluorescence to assess key proteins in NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways, MMP9 and MMP12 expression, and mucin levels (MUC-5AC, MUC-5B). Binding affinity between HSC and TLR4 was evaluated using molecular docking, SPR analysis, and CETSA. DNA methylation at MUC-5B chr11:1243469 position was detected using an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer. In vivo, a COPD mouse model induced by cigarette smoke and LPS (CS + LPS) was developed, and HSC treatment effects were evaluated using H&E staining, multiplex immunofluorescence staining, Western blot, and ELISA kits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HSC significantly inhibited CSE + LPS-induced inflammation by targeting TLR4 and attenuating NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways overactivation. It also downregulated MMP9, MMP12, MUC-5AC, and MUC-5B expression and suppressed MUC-5B chr11:1243469 position DNA methylation. In vivo, HSC alleviated COPD symptoms in CS + LPS-induced mice, reducing TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways overactivation and smoking-associated factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HSC targets TLR4, attenuates NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways overactivation, reduces MMP9, MMP12, MUC-5AC, and MUC-5B expression, and suppresses MUC-5B chr11:1243469 position DNA methylation. These actions reduce inflammation, restore protease-antiprotease balance, and mitigate excessive mucus secretion, highlighting the promise of HSC as a viable treatment strategy for COPD management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"104"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12225042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating network pharmacology and multi-omics in a systems approach: a mechanism study of Jinhong tablets against chronic superficial gastritis.","authors":"Lihao Xiao, Tingyu Zhang, Yun Liu, Chayanis Sutcharitchan, Qingyuan Liu, Xiaoxue Fan, Jian Feng, Huifang Gao, Shao Li, Tong Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01138-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01138-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic gastritis (CG) significantly impacts patients' quality of life and can progress to more severe gastric conditions. In China, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been widely applied for its holistic efficacy in treating chronic superficial gastritis (CSG), including formulas like Jinhong Tablets (JHT), known for their anti-inflammatory effects. However, the mechanism of action of JHT in treating CSG still requires further clarification.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which JHT alleviates CSG, integrating network pharmacology, untargeted metabolomics, and gut microbiota analyses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The CSG rat model was established, and treatment effects were assessed via Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The target profiles of JHT's components and the holistic targets of JHT were obtained. Enrichment analyses were performed on holistic targets and a multi-layer biomolecular network of JHT was established. The study also analyzed rat plasma for differential metabolites through untargeted metabolomics and evaluated the diversity and composition of gut microbiota in fecal and cecal contents samples using 16S rRNA sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>JHT effectively reduced gastric inflammation in CSG rats. Network pharmacology indicated that diverse metabolic processes including lipid metabolism and nitric oxide metabolism play pivotal roles in the therapeutic effects of JHT on CSG. Metabolomics analysis identified differential metabolites, including betaine, which help enrich the gut microbiota. Phospholipids and citrulline indicate the severity of CSG. The pathway enrichment of differential metabolites confirmed the network pharmacology results and indicated the association with the gut microbiota. Through gut microbiota analyses, it was discovered that JHT could augment the gut microbiota by enhancing the abundance of betaine. Additionally, JHT was shown to boost the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by increasing the abundances of Faecalibaculum and Bifidobacterium, consequently alleviating gastric inflammation in CSG.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study revealed that JHT alleviated CSG through diverse metabolic processes including lipid and energy metabolism. Metabolites such as betaine, along with gut microbiota including Faecalibaculum and Bifidobacterium, play crucial roles in the therapeutic interventions. Our findings support the therapeutic potential of JHT and contribute to a deeper understanding of the role of TCM in the treatment of CSG.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224787/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pien-Tze-Huang alleviates lithocholic acid-induced cholestasis in mice by shaping bile acid-submetabolome.","authors":"Yan Cao, Yanhong Zhai, Qihong Deng, Shufen Song, Wei Li, Youran Li, Yifan Lu, Jun Li, Zheng Cao, Yuelin Song","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01161-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01161-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cholestasis is one of the most common and devastating manifestations of liver diseases. Although bile acid (BA) metabolism disturbances have been disclosed to be related to the etiopathogenesis of cholestasis, further research is desired to obtain an in-depth understanding of cholestasis. Additionally, only a limited number of treatment approaches are available for this disorder. Pien-Tze-Huang (PTH), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, has been extensively utilized to treat various liver diseases. However, the effects of PTH on BA-submetabolome and the underlying mechanisms haven't been revealed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A strategy integrating widely targeted metabolomics, untargeted proteomics, and 16S rDNA sequencing, was employed to explore the regulatory effect and the mechanisms of PTH on BA-submetabolome of lithocholic acid (LCA)-induced cholestasis mice. Furthermore, LCA-induced injury HepG2 cells were deployed for efficacy justification and the mechanism exploration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both in vivo and in vitro assays demonstrated that PTH could protect liver against LCA-induced injury. Based on the quantitative BA-submetabolome migration and cell viability assays, 3-dehydroCA, CDCA, CA-7-S, HDCA, 3-ketocholanic acid, 7-ketoLCA, and 7,12-diketoLCA were identified as the key BA species correlating with hepatoprotective effects of PTH. Moreover, PTH restored the dramatically deflected BA-submetabolome in cholestasis mice through two different ways. On the one hand, the significantly decreased BA species can be directly supplemented during PTH administration or repaired via upregulating BA-related enzymes. On the other hand, the significantly increased BAs, such as T-β-MCA, TCDCA, TCA, TLCA, TMDCA, TUDCA, and TDCA, should be eliminated by the increased abundance of Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PTH alleviates cholestasis by synergistically regulating certain BA species, enzymes and gut microbiota, leading to holistic BA-submetabolome shaping.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"103"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12225082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics and network pharmacology reveal Huayu-Tongbi decoction reduced arthritis-related bone erosion.","authors":"Bozhen Chen, Lu Yang, Houchun Wang, Peng Yu, Mengyang Ma, Meiqi Chen, Yingyan Zhou, Jiaqi Wu, Huasheng Liang, Maojie Wang, Runyue Huang, Yiting He, Qingchun Huang, Xiaohong He","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01159-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01159-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disorder marked by joint inflammation and bone destruction, lacks effective therapies targeting bone erosion. Huayu-Tongbi decoction (HT), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbal decoction, has been used as a complementary treatment for RA, yet the mechanisms of its active components and multitarget therapeutic effects remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) model was established in rats, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, histopathological staining, and micro-Computed Tomography to assess the effects of HT on joint inflammation and bone erosion. Furthermore, serum pharmacochemistry combined with network pharmacology identified the HT's active ingredients and targets. In vitro multi-omics study revealed the decoction's effect and underlying mechanisms in osteoclastic differentiation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HT significantly reduced joint inflammation and bone erosion in AIA rats. Serum pharmacochemistry identified 44 absorbed components in HT, and network pharmacology analysis predicted 89 key targets of HT related to RA. In vitro experiments demonstrated that HT inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclastic differentiation through multiple pathways, such as PPAR pathway, AA metabolism, and NF-κB pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study confirmed the beneficial effects of HT in experimental arthritis and explored the specific mechanisms involved. HT inhibited osteoclastic differentiation through multiple targets and pathways to reduced bone destructions, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing RA-related bone erosion.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"100"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12220612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The immunomodulatory effects of sodium new houttuyfonate on different states of macrophage against Aspergillus fumigatus infection via distinct mechanism in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.","authors":"Xue Zhou, Fujiao Huang, Jinping Zhang, Shu Gong, Liwen Wei, Fangyang Liu, Zhangyong Song","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01157-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01157-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is usually caused by Aspergillus fumigatus infection and associated with high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Sodium new houttuyfonate (SNH) has antifungal and immunomodulatory properties, but the therapeutic effect against IPA remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The therapeutic effect of SNH in mice with IPA was determined by histopathological analysis and measurements of fungal loads. The toxicity of SNH to mouse alveolar macrophages (MH-S cells) and the changes in phagocytosis ability of MH-S cells to A. fumigatus were determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8), microscopic observation, respectively. The biological mechanism of SNH regulating the functional changes of MH-S cells was determined by transcriptomics, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot, molecular docking, microRNA sequencing, and miRNA_mRNA interaction analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intraperitoneal injection of SNH had a therapeutic effect in mice with IPA, and 8 μg/mL of SNH was significantly enhanced the ability of MH-S cells to phagocytize and kill A. fumigatus conidia. Moreover, SNH increased antifungal activity of MH-S cells to A. fumigatus via the TLR2/TRAF6/IRF5 and TLR2/TRAF6/ERK axes, respectively. What's more, SNH inhibited the expression of miR-328-5p and miR-6975-3p in MH-S cells, which negatively regulated TLR2 expression and the phagocytosis and killing functions of MH-S cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, these findings clarify the potential immunomodulatory mechanism of SNH for treatment of IPA, suggesting that SNH is effective against A. fumigatus infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"102"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12219129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aloe vera-derived extracellular vesicle-like particles suppress pancreatic carcinoma progression through triggering pyroptosis via ROS-GSDMD/E signaling pathway.","authors":"Jieyu Shen, Tianfu Wei, Mingchen Li, Yuankuan Jiang, Jiahui Zhang, Yueyi Qi, Cai Chen, Xiaojie Li, Peng Huang, Jialin Qu","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01153-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01153-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic carcinoma (PC) remains one of the most aggressive malignancies that is often referred to as the \"king of cancers\" in clinic. Plant-derived extracellular vesicle-like particles (p-EVLP) has demonstrated broad-spectrum antitumor potential through their unique ability to effectively penetrate tumor microenvironments and deliver bioactive compounds. Aloe Vera is a tender and juicy plant with anti-tumor properties, while whether Aloe Vera-derived EVLP (AV-EVLP) can inhibit PC and what the underlying mechanism is still unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two kinds of AV-EVLPs (EV-U and EV-P) were isolated from Aloe vera using comparative purification techniques. Their structure and composition characterization were performed using TEM, NTA and UHPLC-QTOFMS. In vitro experiments using Panc-1 cells included cytotoxicity, migration/invasion and cellular uptake assay were employed to investigate their tumor inhibition potential. In a Panc-1 xenograft mouse model, the therapeutic effects and systemic toxicity of EV-U were evaluated through tumor volume and weight, Ki67, TUNEL and histopathology examination. Mechanistic studies involved the levels of cellular ROS, IL-1β, IL-18 and the expression of caspase-1/3/7/9-GSDMD/E in both cell and tumor tissues were determined by ELISA, immunohistochemistry, Western blot and qRT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EV-U and EV-P exhibited characteristic cup-shaped morphology with mean diameters 179.3 nm and 227.1 nm, respectively. At their respective IC₅₀ concentrations, both effectively inhibit cell migration and invasion and increase ROS, LDH, IL-18, and IL-1β levels in Panc-1 cells. Comparably, EV-U exhibited better activity due to their fewer impurities and more uniform dispersion. Further in vivo experiments supported the effectiveness of EV-U in reducing tumor volume and weight without causing toxicity or immunogenicity. Mechanistically, the activation of pyroptosis through the caspase-1/3/7/9-GSDMD/E pathways contributed to its efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AV-EVLP significantly inhibit pancreatic cancer progression by triggering mitochondrial ROS release through the activation of caspase-1/3/7/9-GSDMD/E-mediated pyroptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"101"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12219699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Naturally derived bioactive compounds as regulators of oxidative stress and inflammation in asthma.","authors":"Jangho Lee, Hyo-Kyoung Choi, Hee Soon Shin, Gun-Dong Kim","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01142-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01142-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asthma is a chronic allergic respiratory disease characterized by symptoms such as coughing, dyspnea, and reversible airway obstruction. The incidence of asthma has been gradually increasing worldwide. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying its development remain unclear due to its multifactorial etiology, which encompasses genetic, environmental, and occupational factors. Furthermore, the clinical manifestations of asthma vary significantly among individuals and across age groups, often coexisting with symptoms of atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis, thereby necessitating a personalized and continuous therapeutic approach. Asthma management primarily involves the use of symptom relievers and anti-inflammatory controllers, including β₂-agonists, anticholinergics, and corticosteroids. However, prolonged or high-dose administration of these agents poses a risk of adverse effects. Given these limitations, the development of novel asthma therapies with enhanced efficacy and fewer side effects requires a deeper understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of the disease. Existing evidence from various preclinical studies suggests that oxidative stress and inflammatory responses play pivotal roles in the onset and exacerbation of asthma. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to address the multifaceted pathological mechanisms of asthma, highlight naturally derived bioactive compounds with potential antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties that could be beneficial for asthma management. Additionally, propose an integrative therapeutic strategy that enhances patient adherence while minimizing adverse effects, ultimately contributing to improved long-term management and treatment of asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"94"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic insights into the Bushen Huatan Huoxue Formula and its components in ameliorating obesity-associated polycystic ovary syndrome.","authors":"Yu-Xin Jin, Hang-Qi Hu, Jia-Cheng Zhang, Yu-Tian Zhu, Hao-Lin Zhang, Xi-Yan Xin, Rui-Wen Fan, Yang Ye, Yin Li, Dong Li","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01165-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01165-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bushen Huatan Huoxue Formula (BHHF), a traditional Chinese medicine decoction, demonstrates potential in treating polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a prevalent endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age that is closely associated with obesity and metabolic dysregulation. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of BHHF's action remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of BHHF in obesity-associated PCOS and investigate its regulatory mechanisms related to metabolic homeostasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In vivo, three-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into seven groups: control, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), high-fat diet (HFD), model (HFD + DHEA), low-dose BHHF, high-dose BHHF, and metformin. The PCOS model was induced by DHEA injection. BHHF was administered by gastric gavage for four weeks. Body weight, fat volume, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity were measured. Ovarian histology, hormone analysis, RNA extraction, quantitative real-time PCR, protein extraction, western blotting, and proteomics studies were also conducted. In vitro, 3T3-L1 cells were used to assess lipid accumulation, mitochondrial function, and the effects of BHHF-containing serum.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BHHF restored reproductive cyclicity and polycystic ovarian morphology, reduced testosterone and anti-Müllerian hormone levels, and increased estradiol levels. It also alleviated weight gain, reduced fat volume, improved glucose tolerance, and enhanced insulin sensitivity. Proteomics analysis revealed that BHHF activated the AMPK signaling pathway and promoted white adipose tissue browning. In vitro, BHHF-containing serum suppressed lipid accumulation and enhanced mitochondrial oxygen consumption. The bioactive components of BHHF-Bushen (BS), Huatan (HT), and Huoxue (HX) -exhibited specific functions. BS improved estrous cyclicity and ovarian morphology; HT regulated glucose and lipid metabolism and promoted adipose browning; and HX modulated mitochondrial bioenergetics and redox homeostasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BHHF exerts multi-targeted therapeutic effects on obesity-associated PCOS by regulating metabolic-reproductive crosstalk. Its components act synergistically, offering a novel therapeutic strategy for PCOS treatment. Future research should focus on identifying core active compounds and optimizing treatment according to individual PCOS phenotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"99"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12220228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional Chinese medicine in diabetic kidney disease: multifaceted therapeutic mechanisms and research progress.","authors":"Rushuang Cai, Chunying Li, Yong Zhao, Haisheng Yuan, Xiaomeng Zhang, Aihua Liang, Yan Yi","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01150-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01150-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a severe complication of diabetes and a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). It is characterized by a complex pathogenesis that involves genetic, epigenetic, metabolic, and multifactorial elements. Current therapeutic approaches for DKD have significant limitations. In contrast, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), with its personalized treatment based on syndrome differentiation, shows potential to modulate multiple pathological pathways implicated in DKD. This review provides a detailed examination of DKD pathogenesis and the progress in TCM research, offering valuable insights for DKD treatment research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"95"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural phytochemical-based strategies for antibiofilm applications.","authors":"Kangyu Zhou, Mengyao Shi, Ruyi Chen, Yang Zhang, Yunjie Sheng, Chaoying Tong, Gang Cao, Dan Shou","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01147-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01147-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biofilms contribute to the persistence of infectious diseases, complicate the treatment of chronic infections and pose a significant global health threat. However, the effectiveness of antibacterial therapies is often limited by poor penetration of antibiotics, as well as the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes among bacteria. Phytochemicals remain a promising source for developing novel antibiofilm agents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of literatures was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Google scholar, and CNKI, with keywords related to \"phytochemicals\", \"natural products\", \"natural compounds\", \"alkaloids\", \"polyphenols\", \"terpenoids\", \"quinones\", \"nanomaterials\", \"biofilms\", \"biofilm formation\", \"biofilm inhibition\", and \"structure-activity relationship\" focusing on studies published from 2014 to 2025.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 38 most extensively studied natural phytochemicals, including alkaloids, flavonoids (i.e., flavonols, flavanols, and chalcones), quinones, non-flavonoid polyphenols, terpenes and others, were systematically screened based on relevant articles from the past decade. Phytochemicals mainly work by targeting quorum sensing systems, reducing virulence factor production, preventing the initial adhesion and targeting the extracellular polymeric substances of biofilms. Well-designed phytochemical-based nanomaterials can enhance permeability, drug loading efficiency, target drug delivery and sustained drug release of phytochemicals, thereby increasing their antibiofilm efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Phytochemicals represent a promising therapeutic source for the elimination of bacterial biofilms and associated infections both in the form of molecules or nanomaterials. By synthesizing current progress and identifying future directions, phytochemical-based strategies may inspire innovative solutions and promote translational efforts in combating biofilm-associated challenges in clinical and environmental contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"96"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}