{"title":"The Institutionalization of Extortion","authors":"George-Maria Tyendezwa","doi":"10.3917/FBC.028.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/FBC.028.0024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":102340,"journal":{"name":"Finance & Bien Commun","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130644876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tolérance excessive au risque : les nuages s'épaississent","authors":"Paul H. Dembinski","doi":"10.3917/FBC.028.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/FBC.028.0029","url":null,"abstract":"Nous reexaminons le mecanisme de tarification a la pathologie lorsque les hopitaux ont des fonctions de cout differentes. Nous supposons que les couts dependent lineairement de caracteristiques observees et non manipulables des etablissements, d’un effort de gestion du manager et d’une composante inobservable. Nous adaptons le mecanisme de concurrence par comparaison, et pour un nombre fixe de patients, nous montrons qu’il permet au regulateur de reduire son desavantage informationnel en eliminant l’effet des caracteristiques exogenes. Ce resultat n’est pas verifie dans des environnements plus complexes, notamment lorsque le nombre de patients traites est variable. Neanmoins, le resultat que nous obtenons permet de montrer que des ajustements du montant prospectif sont necessaires afin que la tarification a la pathologie reste equitable.","PeriodicalId":102340,"journal":{"name":"Finance & Bien Commun","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123916730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Way to Development: Understand African Peasant Moral Economy","authors":"Kazuhiko Sugimura","doi":"10.3917/FBC.028.0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/FBC.028.0049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":102340,"journal":{"name":"Finance & Bien Commun","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116060250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microcredits Granted in Spain: a Unique Model","authors":"Silvia Rico Garrido, M. L. Calderón","doi":"10.3917/FBC.025.0094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/FBC.025.0094","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":102340,"journal":{"name":"Finance & Bien Commun","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133094026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microfinance : a Catalyst for Development at Macroeconomic Level?","authors":"R. B. Swain","doi":"10.3917/FBC.025.0083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/FBC.025.0083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":102340,"journal":{"name":"Finance & Bien Commun","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121692087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Get Man back on his own Feet","authors":"Paul H. Dembinski","doi":"10.3917/FBC.025.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/FBC.025.0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":102340,"journal":{"name":"Finance & Bien Commun","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126662913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Croissance et cohésion sociale. Le microcrédit et l'Union Européenne","authors":"M. Nowak","doi":"10.3917/FBC.025.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/FBC.025.0037","url":null,"abstract":"Dans sa définition internationale, le microcrédit correspond à des prêts de faible montant destinés à des personnes à bas revenus, généralement exclues des banques parce que leur solvabilité est considérée comme insuffisante et/ou parce que les coûts de gestion de tels prêts sont jugés trop élevés. Ces prêts leur permettent de créer ou de développer des microentreprises ou des activités génératrices de revenu. L’intérêt du microcrédit est de lier un objectif social et une approche financière visant à couvrir les coûts. Du point de vue social, il permet ainsi de lutter plus efficacement contre la pauvreté et l’exclusion, en recyclant les ressources disponibles. Du point de vue des banques, il ouvre un marché nouveau où le faible montant des opérations est compensé par leur nombre. La microfinance est une notion plus large, englobant l’ensemble des produits financiers : épargne, micro-assurance, transferts, garantie, etc. Venu du Sud, où il compte désormais plus de 100 millions de clients, le microcrédit s’est développé très vite, dès 1992, dans plusieurs pays d’Europe Centrale et Orientale. Parmi les nouveaux membres et les pays candidats, la Pologne, la Roumanie, la Bulgarie et la Slovaquie sont les plus avancés.","PeriodicalId":102340,"journal":{"name":"Finance & Bien Commun","volume":"157 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128808299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"La microfinance risque de renier son inspiration humaniste","authors":"Ben Granger","doi":"10.3917/FBC.025.0088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/FBC.025.0088","url":null,"abstract":"Behind the naive devotion expressed by the media during the international year of microcredit, recent events show that we do not have a consensus on a robust methodology to assess the advantages and disadvantages of different microfinance models.The question of social performance is crucial as the financial markets are increasingly dominating the sector. But evaluating the social performance of microfinance provokes strong responses. The violence of the discourse may be a symptom of underlying anxiety. The humanist consensus is no longer sufficient to justify microfinance.One of the results of the International Year of Microcredit was to convince large international banks and asset managers that the microfinance sector offers returns on investment. And the Consultative Group to Assist the Poorest (CGAP) is clear: microfinance institutions (MFIs) must above all free themselves from public subsidies. But CGAP admitted in 2004 that of 7,000 MFIs, only 100 are profitable and have access to international financial markets.The big retail banks see their involvement in microfinance as an opportunity to explore new markets, to create better clients and to test new tools such as credit scoring. The developed world, with its significant financial assets and low returns on investment, sees investing in mature MFIs as an opportunity for increasing profits.The ideal of high returns while investing in microfinance is called into question by MFIs social performance evaluation. Experience shows that private capital, by bringing finance to the sector, increases the pressure to generate profits. It is important therefore to assess whether there is a link between financial pressure for returns and MFIs practices, and whether social objectives are compatible with financial ones. In 2005, representatives of 23 countries and several national networks made a declaration of principle on social performance. The declaration said that to meet large numbers of poor successfully, microfinance must be guided by strong financial and strong social performance objectives, which mutually reinforce one another. In addition, MFIs must behave in a socially responsible manner towards their staff and clients. The main question is how to translate an MFI’s social mission into practice.Work on social performance has barely begun and already there are two new challenges that go beyond the question of social performance. These challenges are systematic and societal.","PeriodicalId":102340,"journal":{"name":"Finance & Bien Commun","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122801581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Is Commercial Financing a Growth Engine for Microfinance Institutions","authors":"Justyna Pytkowska","doi":"10.3917/FBC.025.0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/FBC.025.0101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":102340,"journal":{"name":"Finance & Bien Commun","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126933852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microfinance et empowerment des femmes : la révolution silencieuse aura-t-elle lieu ?","authors":"Isabelle Guérin, Jane Palier","doi":"10.3917/FBC.025.0076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/FBC.025.0076","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":102340,"journal":{"name":"Finance & Bien Commun","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114864399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}