Chinese Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"COVID-19 outcomes in patients with pre-existing interstitial lung disease: A national multi-center registry-based study in China.","authors":"Xinran Zhang, Bingbing Xie, Huilan Zhang, Yanhong Ren, Qun Luo, Junling Yang, Jiuwu Bai, Xiu Gu, Hong Jin, Jing Geng, Shiyao Wang, Xuan He, Dingyuan Jiang, Jiarui He, Sa Luo, Shi Shu, Huaping Dai","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003589","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003589","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"1126-1128"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of action of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome and its regulation in liver injury.","authors":"Yifan Lu, Tianyu Wang, Bo Yu, Kang Xia, Jiayu Guo, Yiting Liu, Xiaoxiong Ma, Long Zhang, Jilin Zou, Zhongbao Chen, Jiangqiao Zhou, Tao Qiu","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003309","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) is a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor that recognizes multiple pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns. It is a cytoplasmic immune factor that responds to cellular stress signals, and it is usually activated after infection or inflammation, forming an NLRP3 inflammasome to protect the body. Aberrant NLRP3 inflammasome activation is reportedly associated with some inflammatory diseases and metabolic diseases. Recently, there have been mounting indications that NLRP3 inflammasomes play an important role in liver injuries caused by a variety of diseases, specifically hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury, hepatitis, and liver failure. Herein, we summarize new research pertaining to NLRP3 inflammasomes in hepatic injury, hepatitis, and liver failure. The review addresses the potential mechanisms of action of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and its regulation in these liver diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"1061-1071"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for positive post-transplantation measurable residual disease in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.","authors":"Yuewen Wang, Guomei Fu, Lanping Xu, Yu Wang, Yifei Cheng, Yuanyuan Zhang, Xiaohui Zhang, Yanrong Liu, Kaiyan Liu, Xiaojun Huang, Yingjun Chang","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003150","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The level of measurable residual disease (MRD) before and after transplantation is related to inferior transplant outcomes, and post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation measurable residual disease (post-HSCT MRD) has higher prognostic value in determining risk than pre-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation measurable residual disease (pre-HSCT MRD). However, only a few work has been devoted to the risk factors for positive post-HSCT MRD in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This study evaluated the risk factors for post-HSCT MRD positivity in patients with ALL who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1683 ALL patients from Peking University People's Hospital between January 2009 and December 2019 were enrolled to evaluate the cumulative incidence of post-HSCT MRD. Cox proportional hazard regression models were built for time-to-event outcomes. Multivariable analysis was performed to determine independent influencing factors from the univariable analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both in total patients and in T-cell ALL or B-cell ALL, pediatric or adult, human leukocyte antigen-matched sibling donor transplantation or haploidentical SCT subgroups, positive pre-HSCT MRD was a risk factor for post-HSCT MRD positivity ( P  <0.001 for all). Disease status (complete remission 1 [CR1] vs . ≥CR2) was also a risk factor for post-HSCT MRD positivity in all patients and in the B cell-ALL, pediatric, or haploidentical SCT subgroups ( P  = 0.027; P  = 0.003; P  = 0.035; P  = 0.003, respectively). A risk score for post-HSCT MRD positivity was developed using the variables pre-HSCT MRD and disease status. The cumulative incidence of post-HSCT MRD positivity was 12.3%, 25.1%, and 38.8% for subjects with scores of 0, 1, and 2-3, respectively ( P  <0.001). Multivariable analysis confirmed the association of the risk score with the cumulative incidence of post-HSCT MRD positivity and relapse as well as leukemia-free survival and overall survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results indicated that positive pre-MRD and disease status were two independent risk factors for post-HSCT MRD positivity in patients with ALL who underwent allo-HSCT.</p>","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"1084-1093"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141558196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations of diffusion kurtosis measures in gait-related white matter in the \"ON-OFF state\" of Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Xuan Wei, Shiya Wang, Mingkai Zhang, Ying Yan, Zheng Wang, Wei Wei, Houzhen Tuo, Zhenchang Wang","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003486","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gait impairment is closely related to quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to explore alterations in brain microstructure in PD patients and healthy controls (HCs) and to identify the correlation of gait impairment in the ON and OFF states of patients with PD, respectively.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 24 PD patients and 29 HCs from the Movement Disorders Program at Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University between 2019 and 2020. We acquired magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and processed the diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) images. Preprocessing of diffusion-weighted data was performed with Mrtrix3 software, using a directional distribution function to track participants' main white matter fiber bundles. Demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded. Quantitative gait and clinical scales were used to assess the status of medication ON and OFF in PD patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The axial kurtosis (AK), mean kurtosis (MK), and radial kurtosis (RK) of five specific white matter fiber tracts, the bilateral corticospinal tract, left superior longitudinal fasciculus, left anterior thalamic radiation, forceps minor, and forceps major were significantly higher in PD patients compared to HCs. Additionally, the MK values were negatively correlated with Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) scores in both the ON and OFF in PD patients. Within the PD group, higher AK, MK, and RK values, whether the patients were ON or OFF, were associated with better gait performance (i.e., higher velocity and stride length).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PD exhibits characteristic regional patterns of white matter microstructural degradation. Correlations between objective gait parameters and DKI values suggest that dopamine-responsive gait function depends on preserved white matter microstructure. DKI-based Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) analysis may serve as a tool for evaluating PD-related motor impairments (e.g., gait impairment) and could yield potential neuroimaging biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"1094-1102"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vagus nerve modulates acute-on-chronic liver failure progression via CXCL9.","authors":"Li Wu, Jie Li, Ju Zou, Daolin Tang, Ruochan Chen","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003104","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatic inflammatory cell accumulation and the subsequent systematic inflammation drive acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) development. Previous studies showed that the vagus nerve exerts anti-inflammatory activity in many inflammatory diseases. Here, we aimed to identify the key molecule mediating the inflammatory process in ACLF and reveal the neuroimmune communication arising from the vagus nerve and immunological disorders of ACLF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Proteomic analysis was performed and validated in ACLF model mice or patients, and intervention animal experiments were conducted using neutralizing antibodies. PNU-282987 (acetylcholine receptor agonist) and vagotomy were applied for perturbing vagus nerve activity. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), flow cytometry, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) technology were used for in vivo or in vitro mechanistic studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The unbiased proteomics identified C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL9) as the greatest differential protein in the livers of mice with ACLF and its relation to the systematic inflammation and mortality were confirmed in patients with ACLF. Interventions on CXCL9 and its receptor C-X-C chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) improved liver injury and decreased mortality of ACLF mice, which were related to the suppressing of hepatic immune cells' accumulation and activation. Vagus nerve stimulation attenuated while vagotomy aggravated the expression of CXCL9 and the severity of ACLF. Blocking CXCL9 and CXCR3 ameliorated liver inflammation and increased ACLF-associated mortality in ACLF mice with vagotomy. scRNA-seq revealed that hepatic macrophages served as the major source of CXCL9 in ACLF and were validated by immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry analysis. Notably, the expression of CXCL9 in macrophages was modulated by vagus nerve-mediated cholinergic signaling.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our novel findings highlighted that the neuroimmune communication of the vagus nerve-macrophage-CXCL9 axis contributed to ACLF development. These results provided evidence for neuromodulation as a promising approach for preventing and treating ACLF.</p>","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"1103-1115"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141466576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidelines for the evolving landscape of liver disease: From viral hepatitis to MAFLD.","authors":"Harendran Elangovan, Jacob George","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003616","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003616","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"1013-1015"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of noncoding RNA and protein interaction in pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Zhang Li, Tingting Zhang, Xiaojuan Yang, Yong Peng","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CM9.0000000000003587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of RNA molecules with little or no protein-coding potential. Emerging evidence indicates that ncRNAs are frequently dysregulated and play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer. Their aberrant expression can arise from chromosomal abnormalities, dysregulated transcriptional control, and epigenetic modifications. ncRNAs function as protein scaffolds or molecular decoys to modulate interactions between proteins and other biomolecules, thereby regulating gene expression and contributing to pancreatic cancer progression. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms underlying ncRNA dysregulation in pancreatic cancer, emphasize the biological significance of ncRNA-protein interactions, and highlight their clinical relevance. A deeper understanding of ncRNA-protein interactions is essential to elucidate molecular mechanisms and advance translational research in pancreatic cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":"138 9","pages":"1019-1036"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143980472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of avatrombopag in the treatment of thrombocytopenia after umbilical cord blood transplantation.","authors":"Aijie Huang, Guangyu Sun, Baolin Tang, Yongsheng Han, Xiang Wan, Wen Yao, Kaidi Song, Yaxin Cheng, Weiwei Wu, Meijuan Tu, Yue Wu, Tianzhong Pan, Xiaoyu Zhu","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003216","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Delayed platelet engraftment is a common complication after umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT), and there is no standard therapy. Avatrombopag (AVA) is a second-generation thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor agonist (TPO-RA) that has shown efficacy in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). However, few reports have focused on its efficacy in patients diagnosed with thrombocytopenia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study at the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China to evaluate the efficacy of AVA as a first-line TPO-RA in 65 patients after UCBT; these patients were compared with 118 historical controls. Response rates, platelet counts, megakaryocyte counts in bone marrow, bleeding events, adverse events and survival rates were evaluated in this study. Platelet reconstitution differences were compared between different medication groups. Multivariable analysis was used to explore the independent beneficial factors for platelet implantation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-two patients were given AVA within 30 days post-UCBT, and the treatment was continued for more than 7 days to promote platelet engraftment (AVA group); the other 13 patients were given AVA for secondary failure of platelet recovery (SFPR group). The median time to platelet engraftment was shorter in the AVA group than in the historical control group (32.5 days vs . 38.0 days, Z  = 2.095, P  = 0.036). Among the 52 patients in the AVA group, 46 achieved an overall response (OR) (88.5%), and the cumulative incidence of OR was 91.9%. Patients treated with AVA only had a greater 60-day cumulative incidence of platelet engraftment than patients treated with recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) only or rhTPO combined with AVA (95.2% vs . 84.5% vs . 80.6%, P  <0.001). Patients suffering from SFPR had a slightly better cumulative incidence of OR (100%, P  = 0.104). Patients who initiated AVA treatment within 14 days post-UCBT had a better 60-day cumulative incidence of platelet engraftment than did those who received AVA after 14 days post-UCBT (96.6% vs . 73.9%, P  = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with those in the historical control group, our results indicate that AVA could effectively promote platelet engraftment and recovery after UCBT, especially when used in the early period (≤14 days post-UCBT).</p>","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"1072-1083"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease: Emerging trends and clinical implications.","authors":"Piaopiao Lian, Yu Guo, Jintai Yu","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003579","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003579","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"1009-1012"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in herbal medicine-based nanozymes for biomedical applications.","authors":"Mei Yang, Zhichao Deng, Yuanyuan Zhu, Chenxi Xu, Chenguang Ding, Yujie Zhang, Mingxin Zhang, Mingzhen Zhang","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003584","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Nanozymes are a distinct category of nanomaterials that exhibit catalytic properties resembling those of enzymes such as peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Nanozymes derived from Chinese herbal medicines exhibit the catalytic functions of their enzyme mimics, while retaining the specific medicinal properties of the herb (termed \"herbzymes\"). These nanozymes can be categorized into three main groups based on their method of synthesis: herb carbon dot nanozymes, polyphenol-metal nanozymes, and herb extract nanozymes. The reported catalytic activities of herbzymes include POD, SOD, CAT, and GPx. This review presents an overview of the catalytic activities and potential applications of nanozymes, introduces the novel concept of herbzymes, provides a comprehensive review of their classification and synthesis, and discusses recent advances in their biomedical applications. Furthermore, we also discuss the significance of research into herbzymes, including the primary challenges faced and future development directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"1037-1049"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}