Chinese Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Causal role of circulating inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy.","authors":"Qiuxia Han, Xumeng Zhang, Yanqi Song, Yanjun Liang, Meiling Jin, Wenjuan Wang, Chen Yang, Qiuyue Zhang, Guangyan Cai, Qianmei Sun","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003754","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003754","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"2201-2203"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12407161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of minimally invasive treatment for acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis in elderly patients.","authors":"Zongming Zhang, Jiahong Dong, Xiaodong He, Limin Liu, Chong Zhang, Zhuo Liu, Xiaoping Chen","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003646","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003646","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"2198-2200"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12407160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive immunity in the neuroinflammation of Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Hanchen Liu, Yun Chen, Jing Zhang, Xiaochun Chen","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003695","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and is a growing public health challenge. Neuroinflammation has been proposed as a prominent pathological feature of AD and has traditionally been attributed to the innate immune system. However, emerging evidence highlights the involvement of adaptive immunity, particularly T and B lymphocytes, in the neuroinflammatory processes of AD. It remains unclear how adaptive immune responses, originally intended to protect the body, contribute to chronic inflammation and neuronal dysfunction in AD. Here, we review the roles of adaptive immunity, cellular composition, and niches and their contribution to AD development and progression. Notably, we synthesize the crosstalk between adaptive immunity and the innate immune system of the central nervous system (CNS), which is mainly mediated by glial cells and myeloid cells, and their interrelationships with amyloid-β (Aβ)/Tau pathology. We hypothesized that the alterations observed in innate immunity in AD mirror age-related immune alterations, whereas the dysregulation of adaptive immunity contributes more accurately to disease-specific immune responses. Targeting adaptive immunity in the context of neuroinflammation may provide new insights into potential therapeutic strategies designed to modulate immune responses, thereby facilitating the diagnosis, intervention, and treatment of AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"2116-2129"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12407174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue-resident peripheral helper T cells foster hepatocellular carcinoma immune evasion by promoting regulatory B-cell expansion.","authors":"Haoyuan Yu, Mengchen Shi, Xuejiao Li, Zhixing Liang, Kun Li, Yongwei Hu, Siqi Li, Mingshen Zhang, Yang Yang, Yang Li, Linsen Ye","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003544","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peripheral helper T (T PH ) cells are uniquely positioned within pathologically inflamed non-lymphoid tissues to stimulate B-cell responses and antibody production. However, the phenotype, function, and clinical relevance of T PH cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are currently unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Blood, tumor, and peritumoral liver tissue samples from 39 HCC patients (Sep 2016-Aug 2017) and 101 HCC patients (Sep 2011-Dec 2012) at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were used. Flow cytometry was used to quantify the expression, phenotype, and function of T PH cells. Log-rank tests were performed to evaluate disease-free survival and overall survival in samples from 39 patients and 101 patients with HCC. T PH cells, CD19 + B cells, and T follicular helper (T FH ) cells were cultured separately in vitro or isolated from C57/B6L mice in vivo for functional assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>T PH cells highly infiltrated tumor tissues, which was correlated with tumor size, early recurrence, and shorter survival time. The tumor-infiltrated T PH cells showed a unique ICOS hi CXCL13 + IL-21 - MAF + BCL-6 - phenotype and triggered naïve B-cell differentiation into regulatory B cells. Triggering programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) induced the production of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) by T PH cells, which then suppressed tumor-specific immunity and promoted disease progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study reveals a novel regulatory mechanism of T PH cell-regulatory B-cell-mediated immunosuppression and provides an important perspective for determining the balance between the differentiation of protumorigenic T PH cells and that of antitumorigenic T FH cells in the HCC microenvironment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"2148-2158"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12407171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies and challenges in promoting chimeric antigen receptor T cells trafficking and infiltration of solid tumors.","authors":"Shibo Wang, Xinyu Du, Shen Zhao, Yongzhan Nie","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003803","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The success of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells therapy for hematologic malignancies has sparked interest in potential applications for solid tumors. However, unlike the homogeneous, dynamic, and nutrient-rich hematologic environment, CAR-T cells must overcome the complex tumor microenvironment. Ensuring efficient contact with tumor cells remains a primary challenge to enhance the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy. Abnormal tumor angiogenesis, disordered chemokine production, dense extracellular matrix, and stromal cells all act as biological barriers that hinder contact of CAR-T cells with tumor cells. This review summarizes specific strategies to promote vascular normalization, modulate chemokine production, target physical barriers, combine different therapeutic approaches, and innovative cell delivery methods to enhance infiltration of CAR-T cells into solid tumors. These strategies will help to overcome current limitations and enhance the effectiveness of CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12487919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144999826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reverse-Erb orchestrates circadian myocardial metabolism in heart failure.","authors":"Binhe Yu, Pengwei Wang, Chenglin Zhang, Sizhi Ai","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CM9.0000000000003793","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144999848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of radiotherapy in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer after durvalumab-based immunochemotherapy: A retrospective study.","authors":"Lingjuan Chen, Yi Kong, Fan Tong, Ruiguang Zhang, Peng Ding, Sheng Zhang, Ye Wang, Rui Zhou, Xingxiang Pu, Bolin Chen, Fei Liang, Qiaoyun Tan, Yu Xu, Lin Wu, Xiaorong Dong","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003283","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of subsequent radiotherapy (RT) following first-line treatment with durvalumab plus chemotherapy in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 122 patients with ES-SCLC from three hospitals during July 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis was performed to address potential confounding factors. The primary focus of our evaluation was to assess the impact of RT on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After IPTW analysis, 49 patients received durvalumab plus platinum-etoposide (EP) chemotherapy followed by RT (Durva + EP + RT) and 72 patients received immunochemotherapy (Durva + EP). The median OS was 17.2 months vs . 12.3 months (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.17-0.85, P = 0.020), and the median PFS was 8.9 months vs . 5.9 months (HR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.32-0.97, P = 0.030) in Durva + EP + RT and Durva + EP groups, respectively. Thoracic radiation therapy (TRT) resulted in longer OS (17.2 months vs . 14.7 months) and PFS (9.1 months vs . 7.2 months) compared to RT directed to other metastatic sites. Among patients with oligo-metastasis, RT also showed significant benefits, with a median OS of 17.4 months vs . 13.7 months and median PFS of 9.8 months vs . 5.9 months compared to no RT. Continuous durvalumab treatment beyond progression (TBP) prolonged OS compared to patients without TBP, in both the Durva + EP + RT (NA vs . 15.8 months, HR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.14-1.63, P = 0.238) and Durva + EP groups (12.3 months vs . 4.3 months, HR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.10-0.81, P = 0.018). Grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in 13 (26.5%) and 13 (18.1%) patients, respectively, in the two groups; pneumonitis was mostly low-grade.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Addition of RT after first-line immunochemotherapy significantly improved survival outcomes with manageable toxicity in ES-SCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"2130-2138"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12407166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neoantigen-driven personalized tumor therapy: An update from discovery to clinical application.","authors":"Na Xie, Guobo Shen, Canhua Huang, Huili Zhu","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003708","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Neoantigens exhibit high immunogenic potential and confer a uniqueness to tumor cells, making them ideal targets for personalized cancer immunotherapy. Neoantigens originate from tumor-specific genetic alterations, abnormal viral infections, or other biological mechanisms, including atypical RNA splicing events and post-translational modifications (PTMs). These neoantigens are recognized as foreign by the immune system, eliciting an immune response that largely bypasses conventional mechanisms of central and peripheral tolerance. Advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS), mass spectrometry (MS), and artificial intelligence (AI) have greatly expedited the rapid detection and forecasting of neoantigens, markedly propelling the development of diverse immunotherapeutic strategies, including cancer vaccines, adoptive cell therapy, and antibody treatment. In this review, we comprehensively explore the discovery and characterization of neoantigens and their clinical use within promising immunotherapeutic frameworks. Additionally, we address the current landscape of neoantigen research, the intrinsic challenges of the field, and potential pathways for clinical application in cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"2057-2090"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12407177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic comparison of molecular characteristics in different skin fibroblast senescent models.","authors":"Xiaokai Fang, Shan Zhang, Mingyang Wu, Yang Luo, Xingyu Chen, Yuan Zhou, Yu Zhang, Xiaochun Liu, Xu Yao","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003312","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Senescent human skin primary fibroblast (FB) models have been established for studying aging-related, proliferative, and inflammatory skin diseases. The aim of this study was to compare the transcriptome characteristics of human primary dermal FBs from children and the elderly with four senescence models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Human skin primary FBs were obtained from healthy children (FB-C) and elderly donors (FB-E). Senescence models were generated by ultraviolet B irradiation (FB-UVB), D-galactose stimulation (FB-D-gal), atazanavir treatment (FB-ATV), and replication exhaustion induction (FB-P30). Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, co-culturing with immune cells, and bulk RNA sequencing were used for systematic comparisons of the models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In comparison with FB-C, FB-E showed elevated expression of senescence-related genes related to the skin barrier and extracellular matrix, proinflammatory factors, chemokines, oxidative stress, and complement factors. In comparison with FB-E, FB-UVB and FB-ATV showed higher levels of senescence and expression of the genes related to the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and their shaped immune microenvironment highly facilitated the activation of downstream immune cells, including T cells, macrophages, and natural killer cells. FB-P30 was most similar to FB-E in terms of general transcriptome features, such as FB migration and proliferation, and aging-related characteristics. FB-D-gal showed the lowest expression levels of senescence-related genes. In comparisons with the single-cell RNA sequencing results, FB-E showed almost complete simulation of the transcriptional spectrum of FBs in elderly patients with atopic dermatitis, followed by FB-P30 and FB-UVB. FB-E and FB-P30 showed higher similarity with the FBs in keloids.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Each senescent FB model exhibited different characteristics. In addition to showing upregulated expression of natural senescence features, FB-UVB and FB-ATV showed high expression levels of senescence-related genes, including those involved in the SASP, and FB-P30 showed the greatest similarity with FB-E. However, D-galactose-stimulated FBs did not clearly present aging characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"2180-2191"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12407169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissecting the histological heterogeneity of ovarian carcinosarcoma and high-grade serous ovarian cancer in primary and metastatic tumors by single-cell transcriptomic analysis.","authors":"Kaipeng Xie, Shuang Liang, Nanxi Wang, Qiaoying Zhu, Jiangping Wu, Zhening Pu, Xiaoli Wu, Dake Li, Juncheng Dai","doi":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003610","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CM9.0000000000003610","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10183,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"2195-2197"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12407163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}