Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud最新文献_第6页

Evaluation of the quality of vaginal discharge smear analysis reporting in five clinical laboratories in the Colombian Pacific Region 评价哥伦比亚太平洋地区五个临床实验室阴道分泌物涂片分析报告的质量

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Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.7551

Mercedes Salcedo-Cifuentes, Javier E Fonseca-Pérez

{"title":"Evaluation of the quality of vaginal discharge smear analysis reporting in five clinical laboratories in the Colombian Pacific Region","authors":"Mercedes Salcedo-Cifuentes, Javier E Fonseca-Pérez","doi":"10.7705/biomedica.7551","DOIUrl":"10.7705/biomedica.7551","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Vaginal flow analysis plays a key role in clinical diagnosis and medical decision-making. Standardizing report formats remains essential to ensure diagnostic reliability.Objective: To assess the quality of vaginal smear reporting in five clinical laboratories located in Colombia’s Pacific region.Materials and methods: This descriptive, retrospective study examined records from five laboratories (three public, two private) across three cities in the Colombian Pacific region. The evaluation followed the BACOVA ERIGE guidelines to assess the completeness of the analytical components. Researchers used XLSTAT Premium, version 2024, to compute means, standard deviations, proportions, and ratios. They applied the chi square test to compare reporting compliance across laboratories and used multiple correspondence analysis and discriminant analysis to identify reporting patterns and inter-city differences.Results: The study analyzed 1260 records from women aged 18 to 60 years. Of these, 56.8% were pregnant, and 57% were affiliated to the subsidized healthcare system. Compliance with the BACOVA ERIGE guidelines was higher in Ipiales (54.44%) compared to Cali (24.21%) and Quibdó (21.35%) (c², p = 0.047). The multiple correspondence analysis and discriminant analysis identified three distinct reporting profiles by city.Conclusions: The variability in vaginal smear reports underscores the need to standardize post-analytical procedures. Unifying technical criteria among laboratories would improve the diagnostic quality of vaginal flora imbalance and enhance clinical decision-making.","PeriodicalId":101322,"journal":{"name":"Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud","volume":"46 1","pages":"97-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13446382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147518069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationship between susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases and genetic factors in populations exposed to mercury in Medellín, Colombia 哥伦比亚Medellín汞暴露人群神经退行性疾病易感性与遗传因素的关系

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Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.7634

Efrén de Jesús Avendaño, Andrea Paola Castillo

{"title":"Relationship between susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases and genetic factors in populations exposed to mercury in Medellín, Colombia","authors":"Efrén de Jesús Avendaño, Andrea Paola Castillo","doi":"10.7705/biomedica.7634","DOIUrl":"10.7705/biomedica.7634","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s are associated with genetic and environmental factors, including exposure to mercury, a heavy metal with neurotoxic effects.Objectives: To identify and analyze alleles and genes linked to neurodegenerative diseases in relation to mercury exposure in Colombia.Materials and methods: Scientific literature and population genotype data from public databases were reviewed, covering 94 Colombian adults genotyped under the CLM (Colombians from Medellín) reference. Data traceability was ensured through ID registration in the 1000 Genomes project database, guaranteeing informed consent and bioethical approval. Eleven genes (GSTP1, ATP7B, BDNF, GCLC, GCLM, MT1A, MT4, ABCC2, ABCB1, GPX1 y GPX4) with 18 polymorphisms distributed across ten chromosomes were analyzed using the SNPstatsTM program. The c² test was applied to evaluate the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, considering deviations with p < 0.05 as significant.Results: The results showed a high probability of an association between neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s and mercury exposure in individuals with genetic variants related to glutathione metabolism and mercury transport and excretion pathways.Conclusions: Genetic alterations or their expression involving mercury bioaccumulation, its crossing of the blood-brain barrier, central nervous system inflammation, and oxidative stress from reactive oxygen and nitrogen species increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.","PeriodicalId":101322,"journal":{"name":"Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud","volume":"46 1","pages":"30-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13441455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147518072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 variants in hospitalized patients: a cohort study from the metropolitan area of valle de Aburrá, Colombia 住院患者中SARS-CoV-2变异的基因组监测：来自哥伦比亚aburr<e:1>山谷大都市区的队列研究

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Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.7783

Olga H Hernández-Ortiz, Laura Pérez-Restrepo, Jaime Úsuga, Melissa Moreno, Andrés Naranjo, Juan Vélez, Jorge Sará, Francisco Molina-Saldarriaga, Fabián Jaimes, Jorge Osorio, Juan P Hernández-Ortiz

{"title":"Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 variants in hospitalized patients: a cohort study from the metropolitan area of valle de Aburrá, Colombia","authors":"Olga H Hernández-Ortiz, Laura Pérez-Restrepo, Jaime Úsuga, Melissa Moreno, Andrés Naranjo, Juan Vélez, Jorge Sará, Francisco Molina-Saldarriaga, Fabián Jaimes, Jorge Osorio, Juan P Hernández-Ortiz","doi":"10.7705/biomedica.7783","DOIUrl":"10.7705/biomedica.7783","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been one of the most significant pandemics of the modern era. This coronavirus has a high mutation rate, resulting in variants with changes in the spike protein, which hinder containment efforts. Genomic surveillance is crucial for public health and vaccination strategies, especially in lowand middle-income countries, where the impact has been considerable.\u0000Objective. To identify viral variants and their clinical presentations in a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection between October 2021 and February 2023.\u0000Materials and methods. We collected patients’ demographic data, medical histories, vaccination status, and clinical progression. Viral genome sequencing was performed on nasopharyngeal swab samples confirmed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to classify strains and detect variants.\u0000Results. The predominant variant in the 63 SARS-CoV-2-positive samples was omicron (84%), followed by delta (14%). A higher proportion of critical illness was observed in delta cases (100%) compared to omicron (30%). Mutations in the spike protein were identified and classified into four categories (A-D), along with specific mutations in the S gene.\u0000Conclusion. The mutational patterns observed in this study are consistent with global reports, with delta cases presenting greater clinical severity. We identified spike protein mutations that may confer distinctive properties to the virus. These findings underscore the need for ongoing genomic surveillance to better understand viral dynamics and guide public health strategies.","PeriodicalId":101322,"journal":{"name":"Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud","volume":"46 1","pages":"48-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13441423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147518153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Infecciones por Ehrlichia spp., Anaplasma spp. y Babesia spp. en Puerto Ordaz, estado Bolívar, Venezuela 委内瑞拉玻利瓦尔州奥达斯港的Ehrlichia spp、Anaplasma spp和Babesia spp感染

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Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.8337

David A Forero-Peña, Fhabián S Carrión-Nessi, Sebastián Muñoz-Leal, Carlos Ramiro Silva-Ramos, Álvaro A Faccini-Martínez

引用次数: 0

Crataegus mexicana root-based supplement intoxication in a woman with weight loss persistent preoccupation: Case report 以墨西哥山楂根为基础的补品中毒导致女性体重持续下降：病例报告

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Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.7794

Sebastián Abad-Cuenca

{"title":"Crataegus mexicana root-based supplement intoxication in a woman with weight loss persistent preoccupation: Case report","authors":"Sebastián Abad-Cuenca","doi":"10.7705/biomedica.7794","DOIUrl":"10.7705/biomedica.7794","url":null,"abstract":"Body image preoccupation is increasingly common, particularly among Latin American women, influenced by societal beauty standards favoring thinness. This often drives individuals to use unregulated weight loss supplements, which can lead to serious health risks. This case reports a rare instance of acute diarrhea resulting from the unsupervised use of a Crataegus mexicana root-based supplement, a product frequently marketed for weight loss. A 41-year-old Hispanic woman presented to the emergency department with a 15-day history of daily diarrhea, epigastric pain, and malaise. She reported using the supplement for weight loss. Physical examination revealed moderate dehydration and localized tenderness in the precordial and epigastric regions. The diagnosis was acute diarrhea related to the herbal supplement, with moderate dehydration. The patient received intravenous saline and analgesics and was discharged in stable condition after 48 hours. Follow-up showed no recurrence of symptoms, but persistent body image concerns. This case highlights the dangers of unsupervised herbal supplement use for weight los and underscores the need for proper medical guidance when using supplements.","PeriodicalId":101322,"journal":{"name":"Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud","volume":"46 1","pages":"25-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13435962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147518083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Controversies in neuroimmunology: Multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating disorders 神经免疫学争议：多发性硬化症和其他脱髓鞘疾病

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Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.7882

Ana C Villegas, David Cuéllar-Giraldo, Estefanía Rojo-Bustamante, María Paula Zafra-Sierra, Lisseth Burbano, Thomas Medina, Laura Andrea Serna-Corredor, María Camila Ramírez, Daniela Sofía Rodríguez, Marcela Urbano, Arístides Duque, Jaime Toro, Saúl Reyes

{"title":"Controversies in neuroimmunology: Multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating disorders","authors":"Ana C Villegas, David Cuéllar-Giraldo, Estefanía Rojo-Bustamante, María Paula Zafra-Sierra, Lisseth Burbano, Thomas Medina, Laura Andrea Serna-Corredor, María Camila Ramírez, Daniela Sofía Rodríguez, Marcela Urbano, Arístides Duque, Jaime Toro, Saúl Reyes","doi":"10.7705/biomedica.7882","DOIUrl":"10.7705/biomedica.7882","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple sclerosis is the most prevalent demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system. In the past two decades, significant milestones have been achieved in this domain, including the identification of critical immunological pathways, novel biomarkers, and effective immunotherapies. Nonetheless, several areas of uncertainty and challenges persist. Globally, there has been a notable increase in multiple sclerosis cases. In Colombia, recent studies indicate a rise in prevalence from fewer than 5 cases per 100 000 inhabitants to 7.5 cases per 100 000. It is imperative for neurologists to stay informed about current treatments to offer appropriate guidance to these patients.\u0000This review analyzes eight pertinent controversies surrounding multiple sclerosis, and other demyelinating diseases, based on the most current scientific evidence. Topics explored include: 1) prevention of postpartum relapses, 2) neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, 3) the role of genetic testing in diagnosis, 4) risks of malignancy associated with immunotherapy, 5) discontinuation of treatment in older adults, 6) management strategies for lymphopenia, 7) what is the indication for stem cell therapy in multiple sclerosis? and 8) approaches to mitigate rebound effects after discontinuing disease-modifying therapy. Each controversy is supported by a thorough analysis and practical recommendations aimed at informing decision-making in daily clinical practice and adapting to the realities of countries like ours, where advancements in neurological training and access to treatments are crucial.","PeriodicalId":101322,"journal":{"name":"Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud","volume":"46 1","pages":"141-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13432949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Second allogeneic transplants in children: twelve years of experience 第二次儿童同种异体移植：12年经验

IF 0.6

Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.7946

Alexis Antonio Franco, Eliana Manzi Tarapues, Sergio Camilo Cabrera Salcedo, Diana Marcela Muñoz Caluce, Diego Medina

{"title":"Second allogeneic transplants in children: twelve years of experience","authors":"Alexis Antonio Franco, Eliana Manzi Tarapues, Sergio Camilo Cabrera Salcedo, Diana Marcela Muñoz Caluce, Diego Medina","doi":"10.7705/biomedica.7946","DOIUrl":"10.7705/biomedica.7946","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A second hematopoietic stem cell transplant is required when the first transplant fails, usually due to relapse or graft failure, and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Survival rates range from 74 to 82% in non-neoplastic diseases and from 39 to 58% in neoplastic conditions. Evidence on second hematopoietic stem cell transplant in children is limited, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, complications, and outcomes of children who underwent a second transplant at a high-complexity center between 2012 and 2024.Materials and methods: Case series study with descriptive and survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method in Stata 14™.Results: A total of 346 allogeneic transplants were performed, of which 20 patients underwent a second transplant. Of these, 17 received a haploidentical donor for their second transplant, and the primary indication was a neoplastic disease in 13 cases. The second transplant was performed due to graft failure in 11 of the 20 patients, and due to relapse in the remaining 9. The mean age was 10.7 ± 5 years, with a male predominance (14 out of 20). Haploidentical transplants accounted for 16 of the 20 cases, and 11 used the same donor. The most common complications were acute graft-versus-host disease in 7 cases, 2 of grade III, cytomegalovirus infection in 10 cases, and graft failure after the second transplant in 4 cases: 3 primary, 1 secondary. Transplant-related mortality was 31%. The 2-year overall survival was 54%, with a median follow-up of 11 months.Conclusions: Second hematopoietic stem cell transplant is a viable therapeutic option when no other alternatives are available, particularly in resource-limited settings.","PeriodicalId":101322,"journal":{"name":"Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud","volume":"46 1","pages":"121-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13432948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147518103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current challenges in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases in neurological practice 神经学实践中神经退行性疾病诊断的当前挑战

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Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.8336

Rodrigo Pardo-Turriago

引用次数: 0

Acute pancreatitis due to Leptospira spp.: An uncommon case report of a common zoonosis 钩端螺旋体引起的急性胰腺炎：一种罕见的常见人畜共患病病例报告

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Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.7771

Juan Pablo López, Carlos Alberto Salgado, Cristhian David Morales

{"title":"Acute pancreatitis due to Leptospira spp.: An uncommon case report of a common zoonosis","authors":"Juan Pablo López, Carlos Alberto Salgado, Cristhian David Morales","doi":"10.7705/biomedica.7771","DOIUrl":"10.7705/biomedica.7771","url":null,"abstract":"Leptospirosis, a widespread zoonotic disease prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, causes over one million cases and about 59,000 deaths annually. It is transmitted through contact with infected animal urine, primarily from rodents, and worsened by poor sanitation and favorable climate. Although in Colombia there was a significant decline in cases from 2018 to 2022, severe forms of the disease, including rare complications like acute pancreatitis, still pose significant health risks. A 49-year-old male presented with symptoms including abdominal pain, jaundice, and severe thrombocytopenia. Despite initial normal tests, leptospirosis was eventually diagnosed after further testing revealed elevated lipase levels and medical imaging confirmed severe pancreatitis. The patient received antibiotics and intensive care, which led to recovery and confirmation of leptospirosis through serology. Leptospirosis can cause severe multi-organ complications, including rare cases of pancreatitis. This case underscores the need for early diagnosis and treatment of leptospirosis to manage such complications effectively. Environmental factors and rodent control are crucial for prevention, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive management and preventive measures.","PeriodicalId":101322,"journal":{"name":"Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud","volume":"46 1","pages":"18-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13435964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147518047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Outbreak of toxoplasmosis with pulmonary involvement in immunocompetent military population 免疫能力强的军人爆发肺部感染弓形虫病

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Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.7728

Raúl Reyes-Toledo, Laura Culma-Roa, María José López, Jairo Enrique Pérez, David Suárez-Silva

引用次数: 0