Environmental analysis, health and toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Multiple metal exposure and renal tubular damage of residents in a metal-polluted region in Korea.","authors":"Dahee Han, Hyuna Jang, Kyung-Hwa Choi, Jang-Hee Lee, Sang-Yong Eom, Young-Seoub Hong, Woo Jin Kim, Eunil Lee, Yong Min Cho","doi":"10.5620/eaht.2025014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5620/eaht.2025014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the correlations among urinary metals, the effects of co-exposure to multiple metals, and the relative importance of each metal in renal tubular damage (RTD) among residents of a metal-contaminated area. Urine sampling and health surveys were conducted for 120 participants living near a smelter for the Forensic Research via Omics Markers (FROM) study. Nine urinary metals (V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Mo, Cd, Sb, Pb, and Hg) and RTD markers such as beta-2-microglobulin (β2-MG) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) were analyzed. The effects of multiple metals on RTD and the relative importance of each metal were investigated using Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). The nine metals were highly correlated with each other, suggesting co-exposure to multiple metals. In the results of BKMR, co-exposure to multiple metals significantly affected NAG levels across the entire urinary metal concentration range. Although β2-MG levels increased with rising urinary metal concentrations, the increase was not statistically significant. V and Cd were the highest contributors to β2-MG (posterior inclusion probability, PIP=0.853) and NAG (PIP=0.983), respectively. This study demonstrates co-exposure to metals among residents living in the metal-contaminated area and that co-exposure to multiple metals significantly increased NAG levels. Additionally, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show that V is the highest contributor to the increase inβ2-MG. This study extends previous research by evaluating co-exposure to a more comprehensive array of metals, there by offering a broader perspective on the potential health impacts of RTD among residents in metal-contaminated areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":101307,"journal":{"name":"Environmental analysis, health and toxicology","volume":"40 2","pages":"e2025014-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145133163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Earthworm gut microbiota: A novel biocatalyst for the sustainable degradation of carbendazim in Agro-ecosystems.","authors":"Puspendu Shit, Partha Pratim Chakravorty, Harekrishna Jana, Samiran Sona Gauri, Yuji Sakai","doi":"10.5620/eaht.2025011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5620/eaht.2025011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbendazim is a widely used fungicide in agriculture, poses significant environmental risks due to its persistence in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. To investigate the potential for bioremediation of carbendazim, three bacterial strains, Bacillus aureus PPH1, Bacillus paralicheniformis PPH2, and Bacillus stercoris PPH3, were isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of Glyphidrilus sp. earthworms, a common inhabitant of paddy fields. In a controlled laboratory experiment, all the strains were incubated with 100 mg/L carbendazim in minimal salt medium for five days. The HPLC analysis revealed that B. aureus PPH1, B. paralicheniformis PPH2, and B. stercoris PPH3 degraded 87.18%, 89.66%, and 91.21% of carbendazim, respectively. LC-MS/MS analysis subsequently confirmed the existence of 2-aminobenzimidazole and 2-hydroxybenzimidazole as major metabolites, suggesting a potential biotransformation pathway for carbendazim degradation. This investigation offers novel insights into the biodegradation mechanisms of carbendazim facilitated by gut bacteria of paddy field earthworms.</p>","PeriodicalId":101307,"journal":{"name":"Environmental analysis, health and toxicology","volume":"40 2","pages":"e2025011-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145133054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotection by Nauclea latifolia extract in arsenite &amp; high-fat diet-induced brain stress.","authors":"Wusa Makena, Aisha Aminu, Onyinoyi Bethel Onimisi, John Tabakwot Ayuba, Gidok Kogi Abednego, Victor Kayode Jerome, Abel Yashim Solomon, Barka Ishaku","doi":"10.5620/eaht.2025016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5620/eaht.2025016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) and high fat diet (HFD) are already documented to provoke oxidative stress, neuro inflammation and learning and memory deficits. This work aimed to determine the possible neuroprotection of the root extract of Nauclea latifolia (NlREq) against NaAsO2/HFD induced neurotoxicity in Wistar rats. Twenty-five rats were divided into five groups: groups include control; NaAsO2/HFD treated; NaAsO2/HFD + NlREq at 200 mg /kg and 400 mg/kg; and NaAsO2/HFD treated with silymar in at the dose of 50 mg/kg. The behavioral assessments (elevated plus maze and T-maze), biochemical analysis and histological investigations were performed. As shown in the present study, NaAsO2/HFD group exhibited enhanced anxiety related behaviour, memory deficit, oxidative stress (MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β) and decreased antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH) activity. The histological examination revealed significant neuronal loss and remarkable architectural alteration in hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and cerebellum. These effects were ameliorated by NlREq administered in a dose-dependent manner, with the 400 mg/kg dose enhancing memory in the affected animals, reducing inflammation, replenishing antioxidant defence systems, and maintaining integrity of neurons. These results indicate that Nauclea latifolia root extract has strong neuroprotective potential and may be used as a phytochemical for managing neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment due to exposure to toxins in the environment and poor diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":101307,"journal":{"name":"Environmental analysis, health and toxicology","volume":"40 2","pages":"e2025016-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145133205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic literature review of radionuclides, heavy metals, and organochlorine pesticides in Nigerian food crops: Assessment of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk.","authors":"Samuel Oluwasegun Adesida, Chibuisi Gideon Alimba","doi":"10.5620/eaht.2025012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5620/eaht.2025012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The persistence of chemical and radioactive contaminants in Nigeria's environment presents a critical public health issue, primarily due to their bioaccumulation potential and associated toxic effects on the country's growing population via food crop consumption. This systematic review consolidates studies that assess environmental contaminant levels, specifically radionuclides, pesticides, and heavy metals, in commonly consumed Nigerian food crops and evaluates the associated carcinogenic (CR) and non-carcinogenic (NCR) health risks using established health risk assessment models, including estimated daily intake (EDI), hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), hazard ratio (HR), and carcinogenic risk (CR). Reports of quantitative levels of metals and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), as well as information on radionuclides in Nigerian food crops, were sourced from SCOPUS, DOAJ, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Of the 568 articles retrieved, 66 met the inclusion criteria. The reviewed studies indicate increasing levels of both natural and artificial radionuclides in food crops, with isotopes such as 226Ra and 232Th posing higher carcinogenic risks and genetic-related syndromes. Findings also show that, among the heavy metals and OCPs, Cd and lindane were present at the lowest average concentrations, while iron (Fe) and p,p&apos;-DDT had the highest. The HQ-based NCR estimates for Pb, Cd, Cu, and Mn exceeded 1 in both adults and children, while 92% of OCPs had HQ &gt;1 across both age groups. The estimated CR suggests that lifetime exposure to carcinogenic heavy metals and OCP through contaminated food crops could present a significant carcinogenic risk to both children and adults, as estimated values exceeded the acceptable risk threshold of 1x10-4.</p>","PeriodicalId":101307,"journal":{"name":"Environmental analysis, health and toxicology","volume":"40 2","pages":"e2025012-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145133227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health risk assessment of organochlorine pesticide residues in freshwater fish in Ibadan, Nigeria.","authors":"Oladimeji Olanrewaju, Gregory Olufemi Adewuyi, Akinranti Ajibola","doi":"10.5620/eaht.2025015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5620/eaht.2025015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work was aimed at assessing the potential human health risk of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) due to consumption of five different species of fish from Dandaru River and Eleyele Lake in Ibadan, Nigeria. Five OCPs (aldrin, beta-lindane, beta-endosulfan, endosulfan ether and heptachlor epoxide) were investigated. Extraction was carried out by a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) procedure; extract was cleaned-up using solid phase extraction while instrumental analysis was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Health risk assessment (non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic) to adult, children and infants was carried out using standard models and indices. Target OCPs were measured up to 0.013 mg/kg for heptachlor epoxide in Oreochromis niloticus from Dandaru River. Lowest concentrations for most of the OCPs were determined in Clarias gariepinus from Eleyele River. Hazard indices (HI) indicate that non-carcinogenic risk to adult and children was not apparent by consuming all investigated fish species from Dandaru River and Eleyele Lake. However, a high non-carcinogenic risk to infants was expected by consuming Oreochromis niloticus and Oreochromis lidole from Eleyele Lake as well as all investigated fish species (except Oreochromis aureas) from Dandaru River, apparently due to the contribution of heptachlor epoxide. Although carcinogenic risk was not expected in adult due to consumption of all investigated fish species from both Eleyele Lake and Dandaru River, consumption of Oreochromis niloticus from Eleyele Lake by infants and children, Oreochromis lidole from Eleyele Lake by infants, as well as all investigated fish species (except Oreochromis aureas) from Dandaru River by infants poses possible carcinogenic effects. Regular health risk assessment of target OCPs for the investigated fish species from the two water bodies is necessary to safeguard the safety and health of consumers, especially infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":101307,"journal":{"name":"Environmental analysis, health and toxicology","volume":"40 2","pages":"e2025015-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145133169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous analysis of cotinine and 8-OHdG in urine: A biomarker approach for smoking exposure and oxidative stress.","authors":"Na-Youn Park, Hyeryoung Koo, Jung Hoan Kim, Eun-Hee Lee, Kyoung-Mu Lee, Cheoljin Mun, Younglim Kho","doi":"10.5620/eaht.2025013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5620/eaht.2025013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study developed and validated a simultaneous LC-MS/MS method to quantify cotinine and 8-hydroxy-2&apos;-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in urine, biomarkers for smoking exposure and oxidative DNA damage. The method demonstrated high specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility, with detection limits of 0.23 ng/mL for cotinine and 0.5 ng/mL for 8-OHdG. Cross-laboratory validation showed strong agreement between institutions, with Pearson correlation coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients exceeding 0.9. Analysis of urine samples from children and adults revealed that cotinine and 8-OHdG levels were significantly higher in smokers, and also influenced by age, gender, and alcohol consumption. The findings underscore the potential of these biomarkers for assessing smoking-related oxidative stress and health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":101307,"journal":{"name":"Environmental analysis, health and toxicology","volume":"40 2","pages":"e2025013-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145133185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A critical review on the journey of benzoic acid in the pharmaceutical industry from manufacturing processes through various uses to disposal: An environmental perspective.","authors":"Hayder M Issa, Dania H Mohammed","doi":"10.5620/eaht.2025007","DOIUrl":"10.5620/eaht.2025007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of benzoic acid (BA) as a preservative and additive with a particular focus on its utilization in the pharmaceutical sector, its lifespan, and its environmental impact. The key aspects of this review offer significant additional perspectives on the relevant subject matter. The review suggests a thorough and organized analysis, likely incorporating multiple studies and sources, to provide a complete understanding of the subject. It suggests an in-depth study of BA's involvement and evolution in the pharmaceutical sector, spanning from the early stages of production to the final phases. It highlights the long-standing use of BA in pharmaceuticals, despite its associated toxicity issues. The review emphasizes its role as a versatile compound in the synthesis of more complex medicinal products, such as benzoyl peroxide. The review provides a lifecycle analysis through a comprehensive exploration of BA's lifecycle, from manufacturing processes to its various applications and eventual disposal. This involves evaluating its environmental consequences and emphasizing the significance of sustainability in its utilization. In terms of environmental considerations, the review offers a critical evaluation of how BA affects the environment; under certain conditions, it can form other compounds that become persistent organic pollutants. The review aims to provide insights and make a significant contribution to understanding the implications of BA in pharmaceuticals and its environmental footprint. Therefore, this study provides a comprehensive assessment that not only addresses the scientific and treatment aspects of BA but also evaluates the larger environmental consequences, making it relevant to ecology and environment experts.</p>","PeriodicalId":101307,"journal":{"name":"Environmental analysis, health and toxicology","volume":"40 1","pages":"e2025007-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12187383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of endocrine disrupting chemical exposure on thyroid disruption and oxidative stress in early pregnancy.","authors":"Ju Hee Kim, Nalae Moon, Su Ji Heo, Young Joo Lee, Jong Yun Hwang, Se Jin Lee, Jae Hi Im, Hosub Im","doi":"10.5620/eaht.2025002","DOIUrl":"10.5620/eaht.2025002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-persistent endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are associated with increased oxidative stress and disrupted thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) during pregnancy; however, the results of previous studies are inconsistent. This study assessed the concentrations of 15 non-persistent chemicals, TSH, and oxidative stress biomarkers in pregnant women during the first trimester in Korea. This study was a prospective cohort study, recruiting a total of 242 pregnant women from March 18, 2022 to March 17, 2023. Pregnant women who agreed to participate in the study provided blood and urine samples in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. Concentrations of three bisphenols, four parabens, triclosan, benzophenone-3, two volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in urine samples. TSH, malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured as biomarkers of thyroid function and oxidative stress. The geometric mean concentration of the chemicals ranged from 0.07 to 45.20 μg/g creatinine, and were lower or similar to those in previous studies, except for ethyl paraben (EP). Spearman's coefficients of correlation ranged from -0.26 to 0.51. A multiple linear regression model was constructed after adjusting for covariates (maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, education level, income, residence area, parity, and maternal cotinine level). BPF (ß = -0.184, p = .020, 95 % CI = -0.223 to -0.020), 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) (ß = -0.197, p = .046, 95 % CI = -0.915 to -0.009), and , 2-hydroxyfluorene (2-FLU) (ß = 0.199, p = .026, 95 % CI = 0.053 to 0.819) were significantly associated with TSH. trans, trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA) (ß = 0262, p = .001, 95 % CI = 0.050 to 0.181) showed a positive association with malondialdehyde (MDA) as a biomarker for oxidative stress. Therefore, pregnant women should minimize their exposure to EDCs, which impact oxidative stress and TSH in the early stages of pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":101307,"journal":{"name":"Environmental analysis, health and toxicology","volume":"40 1","pages":"e2025002-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and temporal distribution of N-nitrosamines in tap water using chlorination in Chuncheon, Korea.","authors":"Dahae Park, Sungjin Jung, Hekap Kim","doi":"10.5620/eaht.2025008","DOIUrl":"10.5620/eaht.2025008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of N-nitrosamines (NAs) in water samples collected from the Soyang Drinking Water Treatment Plant (DWTP) and five tap water sampling locations in Chuncheon, Gangwon State, Republic of Korea, located 0.9 to 6.2 km away from the DWTP. The treated water from the DWTP was monitored for 24 h. NAs were quantitatively measured using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) after solid-phase extraction (SPE) with Carboxen 572, denitrosation, and dansylation. Three NAs in the water samples showed high detection rates exceeding 66.7%, with N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) levels reaching up to 45.0 ng/L in the DWTP and 62.6 ng/L in tap water. The concentration of NDMA increased from 2.50 to 30.7 ng/L in 24 h and showed a significant correlation with dimethylamine, temperature, dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen, and total chlorine. This study highlighted the importance of using advanced monitoring systems for tap water and the necessity of implementing strategies to control NAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":101307,"journal":{"name":"Environmental analysis, health and toxicology","volume":"40 1","pages":"e2025008-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12187381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy metal contamination in tampons: A hidden public health concern.","authors":"Zainab Fatima, Arifa Inayatullah Kakar, Amna M","doi":"10.5620/eaht.2025003","DOIUrl":"10.5620/eaht.2025003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tampons usage is being practiced worldwide as safe for menstrual protection. However, studies have shown the presence of certain heavy metals possessing feminine health risk due to absorptive capacity of vaginal epithelium leading to certain health consequences i.e. neurological, renal and reproductive disorders. In this regard, necessary measures are required to be taken like public health initiatives, education campaigns, regular screening and the use of chelators to remove heavy metals from the body. The regulatory authorities are urged to implement safety standards for tampon manufacturing processed and ensure transparent labeling of ingredients. By adapting these measures, the feminine health and tampon safety can be protected.</p>","PeriodicalId":101307,"journal":{"name":"Environmental analysis, health and toxicology","volume":"40 1","pages":"e2025003-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}