Water-Energy Nexus最新文献

{"title":"Urban sprawl and its effects on water competition between building industry and residents: Evidence from 31 provinces in China","authors":"Yu Ding ,&nbsp;Ling Jia ,&nbsp;Chenglong Wang ,&nbsp;Peng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2024.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2024.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With accelerated urban sprawl, water scarcity and increased water stress have become global issues. Water of building industry and domestic water are two major contributors to total water consumption that cannot be ignored. This paper seeks to emphasize the effects of urban sprawl on water competition between building industry and residents. To achieve this objective, a framework for quantifying the water usage of the life cycle of the building was first constructed. Additionally, the degree of urban sprawl and water competition between domestic and building industry was computed. This study characterized the evolution path of urban sprawl and water competition using standard deviation ellipse. Spatial econometric models were used to determine the impact of urban sprawl on water competition. The results indicate that there is a high spatial correlation between urban sprawl and water competition. The center of gravity of China's urban sprawl is consistent with the north-to-south movement of water competition. As economic sprawl increases by 1%, water competition will rise by 0.440%. As the population expands by 1%, the water competition index shifts by 0.018%. Moreover, 0.017% more water was used for every 1% increase in land sprawl.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 26-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S258891252400002X/pdfft?md5=98aa51763a1dedb4960ee759afadd0a7&pid=1-s2.0-S258891252400002X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139504212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circular economy: A multilevel approach for natural resources and wastes under an agri-food perspective","authors":"Dimitra I. Pomoni ,&nbsp;Maria K. Koukou ,&nbsp;Michail Gr. Vrachopoulos ,&nbsp;Labros Vasiliadis","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The consumption of natural resources and waste production raises questions and concerns for the global scientific community and government decision-makers. This review article provides several literature references related to the concept of the circular economy and how the transition from a linear to a more circular system would prove to be a particularly sustainable practice in resource and waste management, ensuring the sustainable use and minimized consumption of resources, but also the reduced production, the reuse and the controlled disposal of waste as nutrients of a subsequent system. Also, bibliographic references give information about the actions and the Action Plan of the European Union in a sustainable policy, as well as the expected goals from this activity. This article review provides adequate liiterature references regarding the principles of the circular economy in the agri-food sector as well as the necessity of its implementation to address the existing challenges that the specific sector must face and the benefits that can arise from such a transition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 103-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912523000371/pdfft?md5=0b0f63970ae2ec8a5427bb0dc1f4e932&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912523000371-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erosion spatial distribution mapping and sediment yield estimation using RUSLE and Arc GIS of Ayigebire watershed, North Shewa zone of Amhara region, Ethiopia","authors":"Tilahun Getachew Abebe,&nbsp;Ayele Woldemariam","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2023.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2023.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil erosion and sedimentation are the major threats to Ethiopia’s economy by impacting the productivity of agricultural land and shortening the life of dams. Ayigebire watershed was one of the most erosion-susceptible watersheds in Menz Gera district of Ethiopia. At the outlet, there was a soil dam (Godebe soil dam) which covered 12.7 ha. The dam was designed for irrigation purposes wishing to serve 378 households on 68 ha of land. However, the dam was facing a huge challenge of siltation due to the soil erosion brought from the upper reaches of the watershed. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the erosion-affected area and to estimate the watershed's annual sediment yield delivered to the dam. The study used rainfall, DEM and satellite image data obtained from different sources. The result shows the annual soil loss of the watershed was 47 tons ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹. The regions along the drainage lines were identified as erosion hotspot areas and they contribute 76.6% of soil loss. The estimated annual sediment washed from the watershed and reached the Godebe soil dam was found to be 8710 m³ (60969 m³) since the time the dam became operational). From the finding, it could be concluded that the watershed was highly vulnerable to soil loss above the tolerable soil loss limit of the country i.e., 10 tons ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹. Therefore, it’s recommended the high erosion and sediment-producing areas along the waterlines and side banks of the dam get priority for management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 124-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S258891252300036X/pdfft?md5=bfc2f19c801ceebd86ff7e312a940de5&pid=1-s2.0-S258891252300036X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139455946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Markov decision process based value chain calculation of water distribution network scheduling","authors":"Xuanting Ji,&nbsp;Minghai Chen,&nbsp;Zhengheng Pu,&nbsp;Yanfu Fu,&nbsp;Tao Tao,&nbsp;Kunlun Xin","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2023.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2023.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Precise value of scheduling decisions forms the cornerstone of water distribution network (WDN) scheduling optimization, which aims at conserving energy and enhancing network operational efficiency. This article proposes a computational methodology for evaluating the value chain of scheduling decisions in WDN. The scheduling process is modeled as a Markov decision process with immediate reward function, action and state space. Due to the periodicity of water supply and sequential nature of scheduling, the calculation quantifies cumulative value of scheduling decisions by incorporating state transition probability with expected value. The effectiveness and applicability of the proposed evaluation method are demonstrated using scheduling data from a real world WDN. The method provides rational values on scheduling period and strategies, offering practical feedback for scheduling decisions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 13-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912523000358/pdfft?md5=b38be9b2d4538b20ff74fd88bd01b090&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912523000358-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138621101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing microorganisms for bioenergy with Microbial Fuel Cells: Powering the future","authors":"Ravindra Singh Pandya ,&nbsp;Tanveen Kaur ,&nbsp;Riya Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;Debajyoti Bose ,&nbsp;Devansh Saraf","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2023.11.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2023.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In response to escalating global energy demands and mounting environmental concerns, Microbial Fuel Cells have emerged as a groundbreaking technology, leveraging the unique abilities of microorganisms to harness bioenergy. This comprehensive review delves into the foundational principles governing MFCs, exploring mechanisms facilitating electron transfer and bioenergy generation while addressing factors influencing MFC performance. It further analyzes MFCs' multifaceted applications, from wastewater treatment to bioenergy recovery, and investigates their synergistic integration with other renewable energy systems. Despite these promising prospects, this review acknowledges the challenges of scalability, cost-effectiveness, and optimization, highlighting recent advancements aimed at enhancing efficiency, stability, and economic viability in MFC research. This review further offers a holistic perspective on the dynamic field of MFCs, assessing their potential to revolutionize bioenergy production while recognizing the hurdles to widespread adoption.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912523000279/pdfft?md5=3ca0fee74d56bc3c79fce8a428a45b3f&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912523000279-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138439729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface water environmental carrying capacity and surface water quality based on economy-society-environment nexus – Evidence from China","authors":"Xingyong Li ,&nbsp;Xiao Pu ,&nbsp;Weimin Wang ,&nbsp;Xue Dong ,&nbsp;Yuhu Zhang ,&nbsp;Junjie Wang ,&nbsp;Yifan Wang ,&nbsp;Mingxue Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2023.11.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2023.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Impacts of economy-society-environment on surface water resource in China are complex and unclear. Revealing these connections is vital to understand responses of surface water quality to anthropogenic activities. This study made an attempt to explore potential indications on surface water quality from economic, social and environmental factors in eight separate regions of China during the period of 2000–2019. Five machine learning models were employed including Greedy Thick Thinning Bayesian Belief Network, Naive Bayes, Augmented Naive Bayes (ANB), Logistic Regression and Random Forest. A total of 8 economic variables, 5 social variables and 8 environmental variables were introduced into the models. Results showed that ANB presented the best performance in estimating the surface water quality class with the highest accuracies of 81%, 75% and 87% for three surface water quality groups (Class I–III, Class IV–V and worse than Class V), respectively. The higher the surface water environmental carrying capacity in a region, the better the estimation performance of ANB on the surface water quality class. Surface water quality with Class I–III was more closely related to economic and social development, while environmental variables largely interpreted the quality of surface water with Class IV–V in most regions. The critical factors filtered by the importance analysis were indicative on surface water quality. This study provided a feasible framework in revealing the economy-society-environment nexus in the context of comprehensive management on regional surface water quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 231-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912523000267/pdfft?md5=27fc5cdca9078e04f0333b086b569bde&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912523000267-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134656388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluate the use of flower waste biosorbents for treatment of contaminated water","authors":"Subhashish Dey,&nbsp;Ganugula Taraka Naga Veerendra,&nbsp;Siva Shanmukha Anjaneya Babu Padavala,&nbsp;Akula Venkata Phani Manoj","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2023.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2023.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Human and industrial activities have contaminated the groundwater and surface water. This is a significant issue today. Therefore, the analysis of water quality is crucial. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the water quality index (WQI) of groundwater at various locations for physiochemical analysis. For calculating the current water quality status using statistical analysis and in the water quality index, the following parameters were considered: pH, total dissolved solids, total alkalinity, chlorides, hardness, dissolved oxygen, Biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand. The acquired results are compared to the Indian drinking water standard IS: 10500–2012. The investigation of the physicochemical and biological characteristics of this ground water sample indicates that the evaluation of water quality parameters and resources is necessary. In the water quality index of six different places Gudlavalleru, Ainampudi, Penjendra, Gudlavalleru Gudem, Angaluru and Kondiparru. In the six locations the pH value vary from (6.72–8.3), temperature vary from (34 °C-36.5 °C), acidity vary from (15–40), alkanity vary from (10–25), turbidity vary from (0.8–60.4), DO vary from (3.7–6.2), COD vary from (209–477), Iron vary from (3–5), fluorides is zero, phosphorous vary from (0–0.5), ammonium vary from (0–1), nitrates vary from (0–5), chlorides vary from (375–575), hardness vary from (200–505), nitrites vary from (0–1), total solids vary from (729–1573), suspended solids vary from (468–971) and dissolved solids vary from (301–602). Using dry flowers biosorbents for biosorptions of heavy metals from polluted water or treat contaminated groundwater. Biological reactions occur to control the concentration of contaminated water when fine, dried powder of flower waste biosorbents is added to contaminated water. In this study, we employ four different flower waste biosorbents, including Targets or marigold flower waste, Ixora-coccinea flower waste, Hibiscus flower waste, and Allamanda flower waste. The Targets or marigold flower waste biosorbents have the highest performance for removing toxic metals from contaminated water among the four flower waste biosorbents. Further optimization of the various parameters, i.e. biosorbents dosage, contact time, pH, temperature, and agitation speed, was performed on Targets or marigold flowers waste biosorbents in order to increase pollutant biosorption. Further research is required into the mechanisms of biosorbents, the kinetics and reusability of metal uptake, the recovery and regeneration of biosorbents, process design, and the commercial application of Targets or marigold flower refuse biosorbents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 187-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912523000243/pdfft?md5=12ee545ba86381cabf48c9e93cba3616&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912523000243-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134656387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing the water-energy nexus performance of direct evaporative coolers in a hot and dry climate: Toward a green space cooling","authors":"Salah Vaisi,&nbsp;Haleh Taheri","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2023.11.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2023.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Direct Evaporative Coolers (DECs) have several advantages such as a user-friendly, cost-effective, small, and easy installation, therefore, they are frequently used for space cooling in hot and dry climates. DEC is a cost-effective system applied in residential or medium-sized buildings such as private offices and commercials; however, the gap of the system is higher water and energy consumption that are addressed in this paper. Water in a dry climate is vital and means life and greenhouse gases threaten lives on the earth. This research is an experimental method conducted for more than 2 years to develop a conventional DEC into a green-efficient system. The research aims to discover and reduce the water as well as energy consumption of DECs in a hot and dry climate. Energy transitions from fossil to solar is another aim of this research. Compared with the conventional sample in the developed prototype the water consumption was reduced by 23.8 liters/day (about 56%), and the operating hours of the system were also decreased by 55%. Currently, there are approximately 2.1 million DEC systems in operation in the case study city, so by applying the developed system, up to 6.2 million m³ of water can be saved in each warm period. The reduction of operating hours caused a reduction of 67.5 W in electrical energy consumption per hour. In addition, by energy transition from fossil to solar electricity the in-operation CO₂ emission of the developed system is zero. The implementation of this green cooling model will greatly reduce water and energy consumption and the developed model can be repeated and imitated in similar climates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 244-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912523000255/pdfft?md5=a087c7ba7c0c80722463d7489951ed21&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912523000255-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134656389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of changing environment on coal mining water use in China","authors":"Bingxuan Wang ,&nbsp;Jianyun Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Wang ,&nbsp;Xu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2023.10.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2023.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The unequal distribution of coal and water resources, coupled with efforts to enhance coal production efficiency, has exacerbated the issue of water scarcity in China’s coal mining industry. There is an urgent need to analyze the impact mechanism of external environmental changes on coal mining water use. With partial least square regression and vector autoregressive model under the framework of STIRPAT (stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology) model, this paper systematically investigates the impact of population, economic level, energy consumption structure, and water intensity on coal mining water use, as well as the long-term dynamic response of coal mining water use to various variables. Results show a significant positive correlation between the economic level and coal mining water use, and the economic level has the greatest impact on changes in coal mining water use. Water intensity is negatively correlated with water used for coal mining. Decreasing water intensity in coal mining has a rebound effect. Water intensity shows a negative effect in the short term, but gradually disappears in the long run. Energy consumption structure positively correlated with coal mining, but its correlation and influence degree are weak. Promote green and low-carbon energy transformation, water-saving technologies application, and unconventional water utilization, and further improve the sustainable development guarantee capacity of the coal industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 177-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912523000231/pdfft?md5=0f023d1816467eae6684f99c8d5354a1&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912523000231-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72207224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of organic pollutants in petroleum refinery wastewater by LC-MS analyzer","authors":"Bineeta Singh ,&nbsp;Ranjeet Kumar Mishra ,&nbsp;Pradeep Kumar ,&nbsp;Zeenat Arif","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2023.10.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2023.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The release of toxic and hazardous effluents from petroleum refining companies seriously threatens the poisoning of water bodies. Thus, it is necessary to determine an accurate treatment process by understanding the nature of wastewater. This work uses Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (LCMS), including LC-Tandem MS (LCMS/MS), ion trap (IT), and quadrupole-time-of-flight (Q-TOF) to comprehend the composition of petroleum refinery effluent. Many polar metabolites available, even as a trace fraction, can be found using advanced LCMS with defined molecular structure, which may or may not be itemized in CAS. Based on the number of carbon atoms (C1-C48), chemical reactivity (saturated, unsaturated, and aromatics), and functional group (hydrocarbons containing oxygen only and other minerals along with oxygen), substances are identified. Using LCMS/MS, 170 organic components, 77.10% negative and 22.90% positive metabolites, are quantified. A range of carbon between C8 and C48 is identified as having 6.50% C8-C12, 30% C13-C17, and 63.50% C18-C48. Higher molecular mass hydrocarbons from C22-C48 are less soluble in water and are more positively polarized, while C8-C21 hydrocarbons are more soluble under negative polarity. The principal ingredient is documented as consisting primarily of aromatic chemicals (72.30%), the majority of which are found as harmful metabolites. Further, 83% of the hydrocarbons are acknowledged to contain solely oxygen compared to other minerals in petroleum effluents. Overall, it was concluded that the direct discharge of petroleum refinery effluents without treatment may cause various health and environmental issues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 167-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S258891252300022X/pdfft?md5=31a6f6d91fe0dcc574b9925527350058&pid=1-s2.0-S258891252300022X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72207225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}