Water-Energy Nexus最新文献_第10页

Water evaporation at wet-cooled nuclear power plants on river banks: Application to the French Rhône river 河岸湿冷核电站的水蒸发:在法国Rhône河上的应用

Water-Energy Nexus Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wen.2020.07.001

Philippe Gosse, René Samie

{"title":"Water evaporation at wet-cooled nuclear power plants on river banks: Application to the French Rhône river","authors":"Philippe Gosse, René Samie","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2020.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2020.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Nuclear power plants (NPP) installed on a river bank use once-through or recirculating wet cooling systems. While the quantitative assessment of mainly local evaporation of river water by a recirculating cooling system (RC) does not involve any major difficulty, the same cannot be said for the once-through cooling system (OTC) for which evaporation (called forced evaporation) occurs in the downstream aquatic environment. Our study applies an energy-balance temperature model to the Rhône River downstream from Lake Geneva. Our results show the approximate figure of 1.5 m3/MWh of forced evaporation per electricity produced (put forward in 2002 by EPRI and widely used in the literature) is debatable for setting a freshwater balance in a watershed because it does not consider the saltiness of the river downstream. The retention time of water bodies in the downstream freshwater stretch, the cross-section shape and regional weather characteristics appear to be key factors to take into account. In particular, for the three NPP with OTC systems installed along the French Rhône, we find an average forced evaporation between 0.3 and 0.7 m3/MWh of net electricity generated in the freshwater river stretch through to Arles between 1994 and 2015. These values are between three to eight times lower than those obtained for the evaporation generated by the plants with RC system installed along the river stretch.</div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 155-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wen.2020.07.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81308743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Opportunities and challenges of electrochemical water treatment integrated with renewable energy at the water-energy nexus 电化学水处理与可再生能源在水能关系中的机遇与挑战

Water-Energy Nexus Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wen.2020.03.006

Arkadeep Kumar , Shu-Yuan Pan

引用次数: 20

A simple anaerobic and filtration combined system for domestic wastewater treatment 一种简易厌氧与过滤联合系统处理生活污水

Water-Energy Nexus Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wen.2020.03.004

Sunil P. Lohani , Sanjay N. Khanal , Rune Bakke

{"title":"A simple anaerobic and filtration combined system for domestic wastewater treatment","authors":"Sunil P. Lohani , Sanjay N. Khanal , Rune Bakke","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2020.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2020.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Anaerobic treatment of domestic wastewater can only partially treat the effluent and still contains concentration of organic matter, suspended solids, nutrients and pathogens beyond the recommended safe limit. This study aims to observe the effect of sand filter as a low cost post treatment solution. A 250 L pilot scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was fed septic tank effluent and operated at an average ambient temperature of 19 °C. The reactor was fed intermittently at 6 h hydraulic retention time and the performance was monitored. The UASB effluent was filtered in a 1 m3 sand filter unit. The removal efficiencies of Total Suspended Solid, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Faecal Coliform for combined system were 93%, 87% and 93%, respectively. However, the top layer of the sand in the filter needs to be replaced in every two to three months to maintain acceptable filtration capacity performance. The tested combined anaerobic and filtration system was sufficient to treat effluents from a typical Nepalese family and the result could be useful to design and develop a suitable compact, low cost onsite sanitation system in developing countries like Nepal. The result should encourage investigating on the establishment of a safe route of sand replacement and handling as well as alternative low cost filtration media in order to avoid frequent replacement of the sand.</div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 41-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wen.2020.03.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85564811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical and pesticide compounds (PPCs) using doped TiO2 nanomaterials: A review 掺杂TiO2纳米材料光催化降解药物和农药化合物的研究进展

Water-Energy Nexus Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wen.2020.03.008

Kiran S. Varma , Rajesh J. Tayade , Kinjal J. Shah , Pradyuman A. Joshi , Atindra D. Shukla , Vimal G. Gandhi

{"title":"Photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical and pesticide compounds (PPCs) using doped TiO2 nanomaterials: A review","authors":"Kiran S. Varma , Rajesh J. Tayade , Kinjal J. Shah , Pradyuman A. Joshi , Atindra D. Shukla , Vimal G. Gandhi","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2020.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2020.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Alarming level water pollution is a serious concern in heavily industrialized countries. The development of advanced waste water treatment techniques and their utilization is sought for effective removal of pollutants especially pharmaceutical and pesticide compounds (PPCs). Doped TiO2 nanomaterials mediated photocatalytic degradation of waste water has shown great potential in removing these complex organic pollutants. Improvement in properties of doped TiO2 nanomaterials resulted in the effective utilization of visible light and solar light as light source. Doped TiO2 nanomaterials show great potential to water and energy concerns by fulfilling two key features i.e., effective in removing pollutants which are persistent in nature and cost-effective energy consumption. In this context, doped TiO2 nanomaterials mediated waste water treatment process and its role in water energy nexus is briefly addressed. Application of doped TiO2 nanomaterials against PPCs under different light sources are also discussed in this review.</div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 46-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wen.2020.03.008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89776097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 123

Wastewater resources management for energy recovery from circular economy perspective 循环经济视角下的能源回收废水资源管理

Water-Energy Nexus Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wen.2020.11.001

Mohanna Zarei

{"title":"Wastewater resources management for energy recovery from circular economy perspective","authors":"Mohanna Zarei","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2020.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2020.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>To remediate significant risks such as increasing resources consumption, climate change, and environmental pollutions which affect resource management and security, energy recovery from wastewater could be a feasible approach towards the circular economy (CE). Wastewater management for energy recovery creates an exceptional opportunity which bringing environmental, political, economic, and social benefits. Transition to CE addresses many of the wastewater reuse obstacles and energy recovery barriers, from public acceptance to financial and policy management. This review focuses on the energy recovery from wastewater resources as a potential alternative in the CE framework and evaluates different energy recovery technologies. Since decision makers have to address challenges which are more related to the societal, regulatory, and political aspects prior to execute fundamental actions, the practical strategies on implementation of energy recovery from wastewater emphasizing the period of 2010–2020 are proposed. Furthermore, several successful case studies for energy recovery from wastewater as a systematic approach, which cover all potential scenarios are reviewed.</div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 170-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wen.2020.11.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83499476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Establishment and implementation of green infrastructure practice for healthy watershed management: Challenges and perspectives 建立和实施健康流域管理的绿色基础设施实践:挑战和前景

Water-Energy Nexus Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wen.2020.05.003

Bo-Wei Liu , Ming-Huang Wang , Tse-Lun Chen , Po-Chih Tseng , Yongjun Sun , Andrew Chiang , Pen-Chi Chiang

{"title":"Establishment and implementation of green infrastructure practice for healthy watershed management: Challenges and perspectives","authors":"Bo-Wei Liu , Ming-Huang Wang , Tse-Lun Chen , Po-Chih Tseng , Yongjun Sun , Andrew Chiang , Pen-Chi Chiang","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2020.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2020.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The water management in various countries of the world provides a comprehensive understanding of the international movement on healthy watershed management. Watershed characteristics including River basin management in the UK, eco-health watershed management in Canada, sustainable water management in Korea, integrated watershed management in Japan, and healthy watershed management in the US have been examined in this review. Pioneering countries utilize green infrastructural applications to improve their resilience against climate change by adopting adaptive solutions and mitigating pollution sources. This paper includes an overview of the implementation of green infrastructure exemplified by bioretention in urban development and ecosystem maintenance. The good engineering practice for bioretention was established by applying data collected from other research. Biomantle and semi-direct injection of storm water are the two methods for sustaining bioretention functionalities for peak flow reduction and soil stability enhancement. Maximum pollutants reduction efficiencies by bioretention were reported in the past research, including 99% of phosphorus, 82% of nitrate, 92% of heavy metals, and 96% of suspended solid. Lastly, a conclusive benefit analysis of green infrastructure from environmental, economic, and social perspectives was conducted.</div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 186-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wen.2020.05.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72989584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Ultrasonic-assisted preparation of ZrO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposites with high visible-light photocatalytic activity for degradation of 4-chlorophenol in water 超声辅助制备具有高可见光催化活性的ZrO2/g-C3N4纳米复合材料降解水中4-氯苯酚

Water-Energy Nexus Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wen.2020.08.002

Mohammad Zarei

{"title":"Ultrasonic-assisted preparation of ZrO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposites with high visible-light photocatalytic activity for degradation of 4-chlorophenol in water","authors":"Mohammad Zarei","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2020.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2020.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Various methods including photocatalysis have been used for degradation and removal of phenolic compounds, which classified as hazardous materials in the environment. Nanomaterials exhibited significant advantages for photocatalytic degradation of phenolic compounds compared to the conventional oxidation approaches such as traditional biological and physical methods. In this study, zirconia (ZrO2)/graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanocomposites were successfully synthesized using ultrasonication method and used for photodegradation of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) in water under visible light. The g-C3N4 nanosheets, ZrO2 nanoparticles (NPs), and ZrO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite were characterized by N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), photoelectrochemical (PEC) measurements, and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The incorporation of ZrO2 NPs enhanced the surface area and light absorption capacity of pristine g-C3N4. The photocatalytic activity of ZrO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite sample was evaluated by the degradation of 4-CP in aqueous medium. Results exhibited an increase in photocatalytic activity of ZrO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite compared to unmodified ZrO2 NPs and pristine g-C3N4. In addition, reusability experiment of ZrO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite for photo-catalytic degradation, as well as for 4-CP adsorption showed the ZrO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposites can be effectively used for several cycles.</div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 135-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wen.2020.08.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80988470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

The role of peer review and science for advancing public understanding 同行评议和科学对促进公众理解的作用

Water-Energy Nexus Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wen.2020.05.002

Hyunook Kim , Pen Chi Chiang , Seth W. Snyder

引用次数: 2

Degradation of 4-tert-butylphenol in contaminated soil using Penicillium sp. CHY-2 isolated from pristine Antarctica 利用从原始南极洲分离的青霉菌sp. CHY-2降解污染土壤中的4-叔丁基苯酚

Water-Energy Nexus Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wen.2020.03.002

Young-Cheol Chang , Rui Onodera , M. Venkateswar Reddy

引用次数: 1

Critical review on improving irrigation water use efficiency: Advances, challenges, and opportunities in the Ethiopia context 关于提高灌溉用水效率的重要综述:埃塞俄比亚的进展、挑战和机遇

Water-Energy Nexus Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wen.2020.09.001

Daniel G. Eshete , Berhanu G. Sinshaw , Kassaye G. Legese

{"title":"Critical review on improving irrigation water use efficiency: Advances, challenges, and opportunities in the Ethiopia context","authors":"Daniel G. Eshete , Berhanu G. Sinshaw , Kassaye G. Legese","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2020.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2020.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The demand for fresh water is constantly increasing among all water users. Irrigation in Ethiopia consumes a large amount of water extracted from various sources. Hence, efficient water use and management are currently the major concerns in the country. Thus this paper aims to review the advancements, challenges, and opportunities regarding improving irrigation water use efficiency in Ethiopia. Irrigation in Ethiopia started in the 1950s with traditional irrigation systems. Now modern irrigation, including sprinkler and drip irrigation, is practiced in some parts of the country. The review showed that even though the farmers have practicing irrigation for a long time, still they cannot surpass subsistence farming. Furthermore, improvements in irrigation water use efficiency through proper scheduling and on-farm management are not satisfactory. The paper revealed the challenges that hinder water use efficiency improvement includes crop diseases, socio-economic factors, institution and policy-related issues, limitation in technical and human capacity, lack of agricultural input as well as market and nature-related factors. In the future, increased use of remote sensing techniques, more versatile sensors, simulation, and quantitative models are likely to be seen to improve water use efficiency. In most cases where water is saved as a result of the efficient use of technologies, the spare water ends up being used to expand the irrigation area, which results in an increased income for the household. Hence, to achieve net water savings, water-efficient technologies and practices need to be used in combination with other measures such as incentives for conservation and proper use. Besides, appropriate regulations should be set that limit water allocation and usage. The government and partners should allocate resources for capacity building of farmers regarding irrigation, which in extension will lead to enhancement in WUE.</div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 143-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wen.2020.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75401098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 26