Water-Energy Nexus最新文献

{"title":"In-line valve condition assessment by transient analysis","authors":"Zhihong Long ,&nbsp;Gang Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Chen ,&nbsp;Yu Li ,&nbsp;Tingchao Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2024.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2024.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Negligently partially closed in-line valves in pipes cause undesirable minor head losses that reduce the carrying capacity and increase operating costs attributable to energy consumption. However, few obtained results of in-line valves condition assessment has been offered in the literature. The paper makes further investigations on the interaction between the valve and the transient pressure wave, which provides experimental data support and reference opinions for the transient wave detection of in-line valve status with practical applications. The position of the in-line valve is evaluated by a simple equation and the propagation of transient pressure wave was analyzed. The relevant equations are derived and correlation analysis was performed. Based on the pressure increase value, the head loss coefficient or valve opening degree can be determined, and feasible suggestions for detecting the valve opening degree using transient waves have been made. Under the selected experimental conditions, the absolute error between the calculated valve opening degree and the actual opening degree is below 0.06 (1 for fully open valve opening and 0 for fully closed valve opening), proving that the valve opening assessment method is effective. This paper demonstrates the application of transient wave technology in real-time monitoring and assessment of valve positions. Through this technology, the valve positions in water distribution systems can be optimized effectively, thereby reducing resistance losses, meeting varying water demands, avoiding unnecessary energy waste, and enhancing the overall energy efficiency of the water supply system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 175-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912524000092/pdfft?md5=d0a0fa426e1bd75f225d334507761af7&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912524000092-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141028999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of urban flood shelter locations based on risk assessment","authors":"Jiale Qiu ,&nbsp;Haowen Tan ,&nbsp;Shengnan Yuan ,&nbsp;Chenxi Lv ,&nbsp;Peng Wang ,&nbsp;Shuchao Cao ,&nbsp;Yuhu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2024.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2024.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Within the framework of global climate change, there is a recurring occurrence of floods and waterlogging disasters, which pose significant risks to human lives and overall safety. The phenomenon of urbanization has led to an increased vulnerability of cities to flood disasters. Evacuation serves as a viable strategy for adapting to climate change, managing intense precipitation events, and mitigating the impact of flood disasters. Hence, the meticulous choice of shelters has emerged as a crucial element in enhancing the effectiveness of evacuations. Nevertheless, the process of choosing shelters sometimes neglects to consider the potential for flooding and has not undergone thorough testing. Hence, the objective of this research is to systematically choose shelters within the central metropolitan region, incorporate flood risk considerations into the shelter site model, and assist cities in mitigating the consequences of floods resulting from climate change. To begin with, employ a two-dimensional shallow water model in order to replicate instances of intense precipitation and produce data on flood inundation. Subsequently, the simulation results are utilized to assess the flood risk using the entropy weight approach. This risk is then incorporated into the multi-objective optimization model to determine the optimal shelter placement. Ultimately, the ABM model was employed to create a simulation of crowd evacuation in urban areas, confirming the efficacy of shelter selection and thoroughly examining the influence of various shelters on the efficiency of community emergency evacuation. The study's findings indicate that a total of 26 shelters were chosen within the study area using a multi-objective methodology, ensuring the inclusion of all affected populations. The utilization of multi-objective models in the selection of shelter places has been shown to enhance evacuation efficiency, as confirmed by the ABM model. The simulation findings indicate a decline in the population's death rate from 1.94% to 0.98%, an increase in the evacuation rate from 97.4% to 98.4%, and a reduction in the number of casualties by 133 individuals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 151-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912524000080/pdfft?md5=045cceec1e07e6513d86565d88d670b5&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912524000080-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140879832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bibliometric analysis and scientific trends on perfluorinated and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) as an emerging pollutant","authors":"Hongan Guo ,&nbsp;Meiyan Xing ,&nbsp;Xiaojie Sun ,&nbsp;Tao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2024.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2024.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity of perfluorinated and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), along with their concentrations in the environment and humans, have attracted global attention. However, so far, there have been seldom reports providing a systematical review in the entire field of PFASs research. Therefore, this study summarizes 14,112 relevant publications (2005–2022) and conducts bibliometric analysis using Vosviewer and CiteSpace. The findings offer insights into global PFASs research trends, assisting scientists in establishing their research directions. Unlike traditional literature reviews, this article presents a new method for data collection and analysis that achieves quantitative visualization of the information from the past 18 years in the field of PFASs. Results show a significant increase in global PFASs publications, with China leading in publication output and the US in international collaborations. Author Kurunthachalam Kanna has the highest publication records. Document co-citation clustering and key line analysis identifies four major research areas and landmarks, while betweenness centrality analysis reveals developmental processes. Citation burst analysis finds that PFASs toxicity and monitoring have been hot areas, suggesting the need for greater attention towards the types and levels of PFASs in various environmental media and the removal processes of PFASs responsible for pollution, which may emerge as future research hotspots.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 187-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912524000079/pdfft?md5=9e563f13ef90aedafe777dd9783ed47c&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912524000079-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140760185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient removal and recovery of phosphate from wastewater by nano-CaO2/BFS sorbent and its potential as a slow-release phosphate fertilizer","authors":"Sujie Shan ,&nbsp;Lingyu Wu ,&nbsp;Sitong Qu ,&nbsp;Dapeng Li ,&nbsp;Yong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2024.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2024.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Facing the dual pressure of eutrophication control and global phosphorus scarcity, the efficient removal and recovery of phosphate from wastewater has attracted growing attention in recent years. Herein, an efficient nanocomposite (nCaO₂-BFS) was successfully synthesized through a facile coprecipitation method by loading nano-calcium peroxide (nCaO₂) onto blast furnace slags (BFS) and used for phosphate removal and recovery from wastewater. Based on the preliminary screening of as-prepared nCaO₂-BFS sorbents regarding phosphate removal efficiency, the nCaO₂-BFS nanocomposite prepared with a CaCl₂-to-BFS mass ratio of 0.6:1, NH₃·H₂O amount of 20 mL, and H₂O₂ amount of 12 mL was selected for further characterization and phosphate elimination. Results showed that the developed nCaO₂-BFS sorbent exhibits a superior adsorption capacity of 67.48 mg·g^-1, a broadly applicable pH range from 4 to 10, and strong selectivity for phosphate in the presence of competing anions including Cl^-, NO₃^-, SO₄^2-, HCO₃^-, and CO₃^2-. Mechanistically, surface precipitation and inner-sphere complexation via ligand exchange were identified as the primary sorption mechanism for nCaO₂-BFS in capturing phosphate. The plant growth test confirmed that the phosphate-laden nCaO₂-BFS sorbent could be used as a slow-release fertilizer to promote the growth of <em>Brassica rapa L</em>. Therefore, applying nCaO₂-BFS appears to be a promising method for remediating excessive phosphate and recovering the non-renewable phosphorus resource.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 163-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912524000067/pdfft?md5=0266fa9402f16ef38ddb36a0e5c76250&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912524000067-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140765711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Release and removal of intracellular and extracellular microcystins (RR, LR) using nano-Fe3O4 particles as a coagulant aid for polyaluminum chloride (PAC)","authors":"Hanshu Zhang,&nbsp;Ming Cheng,&nbsp;Bo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The outbreak of algal blooms caused by cyanobacteria has led to a significant concern regarding water safety due to the release of microcystins. This study aimed to investigate the release and removal of microcystins (RR, LR) using coagulant polyaluminum chloride (PAC) with the assistance of nano-Fe₃O₄ particles. The findings indicate that the addition of PAC alone resulted in the rupture of <em>Microcystis aeruginosa</em> cells, leading to the release of microcystins into the water. PAC alone faced challenges in coagulating and removing the extracellular microcystins, especially at low dosages, but increasing the dosage of PAC could promote the release of intracellular microcystins. When combined with nano-Fe₃O₄, even a low concentration of PAC exhibited effective removal of microcystins in water. The presence of nano-Fe₃O₄ facilitated the hydrolysis of PAC, resulting in the production of Alc, which enhanced the coagulation performance of PAC. Furthermore, the addition of nano-Fe₃O₄ significantly improved the removal rate of microcystins by coagulant PAC under different pH conditions. Notably, at pH 5, the residual amount of microcystins was only about 7% compared to PAC alone. This study holds great significance in terms of achieving safer and more economical removal of microcystins from water.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 143-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912524000055/pdfft?md5=458244d00af9de1a5ce5fba40ebe7f2f&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912524000055-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140545936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution and long-term trend of wind energy in the Northwest Pacific Ocean","authors":"Kaishan Wang ,&nbsp;Di Wu ,&nbsp;Tao Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Yin ,&nbsp;Kai Wu ,&nbsp;Chongwei Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2023.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2023.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Abstract: Given the threat of fossil fuel depletion, it is essential to proactively strive for carbon neutrality and promote clean, low-carbon and efficient energy use. This study used ERA5 reanalysis data to assess wind energy resources in the Pacific Northwest region. By analyzing key indicators such as wind power density, effective wind speed occurrence, and energy level occurrence, climate statistics and Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis (EOF) were used to examine the spatial distribution and long-term trend of offshore wind energy resources in the Northwest Pacific. The results suggest that there are abundant wind energy resources in this region, which are beneficial for the development of offshore wind energy. The rich areas are the East China Sea, Taiwan islands and reefs in the South China Sea and east of Japan, with prevailing wind power density (500 ∼ 2500 W/m²) and effective wind speed occurrence (80–90%) and energy level occurrence (60% ∼ 90%). Offshore wind energy resources in the Pacific Northwest are more abundant in fall and winter than in summer. The time coefficient of the first mode shows that the offshore wind energy in the Northwest Pacific has no obvious change trend, and the wind energy resources are relatively stable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 135-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912523000346/pdfft?md5=e1111d65757cc8e61fde48d99204a384&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912523000346-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140092441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic feasibility of integrating solar energy into water utility operations in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico","authors":"William Delgado ,&nbsp;Ana Córdova ,&nbsp;Timothy Beach ,&nbsp;Sheryl Luzzadder-Beach","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We perform an economic feasibility analysis for installing grid-connected solar arrays with batteries to power ten water supply, distribution, and treatment stations in Ciudad Juárez in tandem with the existing local grid. This article covers detailed results from the four stations that represent the topographical and geographical variability of the city and the variable electricity demand across sites. Using data from the city’s water utility and calculations from the HOMER and RETScreen models, we find contrasting results. The HOMER model finds that solar arrays with or without batteries are economically viable while RETScreen reaches the opposite conclusion. One key reason for this is the two models’ differing predictions on the amount of electricity the proposed solar arrays would supply. Further, having reliable battery storage is paramount to overcoming grid outages and the intermittent availability of solar power to ensure the success of solar projects. Global scientific consensus recognizes the need for more renewable energy. With a sunny-climate and its status as a manufacturing hub on the US-Mexico border, Ciudad Juárez has the potential to lead the way forward in promoting solar energy. The comparative results of the HOMER and RETScreen models provide a more complete understanding of the feasibility of solar power for Ciudad Juárez’s water infrastructure as well as vital insight into the factors that shape the success of solar projects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 77-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912524000043/pdfft?md5=e467f02da1550e8624a352c522dd8902&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912524000043-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139822577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Feasibility of Integrating Solar Energy into Water Utility Operations in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico","authors":"William Delgado, Ana Córdova, T. Beach, Sheryl Luzzadder-Beach","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"30 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139882663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of CORDEX Regional climate models to simulate climate trends and variability across various agro-ecological zones of North Shewa, Ethiopia","authors":"Biruk Getaneh Ayele ,&nbsp;Ayele Desalegn Woldemariam ,&nbsp;Hailu Kendie Addis","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate variability significantly affects the overall agricultural production and productivity over space and time. To quantify the effect of climate variability on natural systems on Earth in the future, the use of regional climate models (RCMs) as a tool is mandatory. Thus, the use of well-validated RCM provides efficient climate data; and predicts future climate variability over agroecological zones (AEZs). Eleven RCMs from CORDEX-Ethiopia were evaluated to simulate maximum temperature (T_max), minimum temperature (T_min) and rainfall variability over space and time, to validate their performance and to select the best-fit models. The temporal variability T_max and rainfall was smaller with a CV of 10 %, indicating uniform distribution over stations. However, CV for T_min over stations shows satisfactory distributions. Most of the evaluated RCMs have a better capability to capture the spatial variability of rainfall,T_max, and T_min in some stations. However, some of the RCMs can handle the spatial variability of T_max while others are not. None of the RCMs can handle the spatial variability of T_min in Debre Birhan, Majete, and Kewat AEZs. In general, most RCMs can capture the spatial and temporal variability of rainfall and temperature. It might be better to use the ensemble average of the output from these RCMs for precise estimation of data than specific RCMs. Therefore, this work could suggest the use of high-resolution RCMs for the projection of temperature and rainfall over different AEZs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 87-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912524000018/pdfft?md5=16888af8e2a7089d9f39605b3849dc52&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912524000018-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139637459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of chlorides and hardness from contaminated water by using various biosorbents: A comprehensive review","authors":"Subhashish Dey,&nbsp;Ganugula Taraka Naga Veerendra,&nbsp;Akula Venkata Phani Manoj,&nbsp;Siva Shanmukha Anjaneya Babu Padavala","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2024.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2024.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A substantial environmental and societal problem is posed by pollutants found in aqueous solution. These pollutants generally consist of dangerous heavy metals and metalloids. In rural locations, hardness and chlorides are among the most dangerous problems of groundwater. Chlorides are regulated in the quality of drinking water because excessive quantities can cause disease. Due to its alkaline nature, both the gaseous and liquid forms of hardness can be irritating to the eyes, respiratory system, and epidermis. The acute biologic effects of hardness and chlorides in humans are dependent on dose and proportionate to their concentration. This includes the amount that is eaten by the body as well as the length of time that the body is exposed to the substance. The naturally occurring physiochemical mechanism known as biosorption is what permits particular biomass to passively concentrate and bind pollutants to its cellular structure. Biosorption can only occur in specific environments. This is a metabolically inert process that does not need any kind of energy, and the quantity of pollutants that a sorbent is able to remove is dependent on its kinetic equilibrium as well as the makeup of its cellular surface. When it came to the biosorption of heavy metals from water, each biosorbent had its own unique set of physical, chemical, and biological features. After the removal of heavy metals, the biosorption process may be made more cost-effective by renewing and reprocessing the biosorbent. This is done after the heavy metals have been removed. In the process of biosorption, many types of bioreactors are used in order to successfully remove the metal ions from huge volumes of water.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 39-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912524000031/pdfft?md5=24b9edc6473c72d08547e15134e1e71e&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912524000031-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139653716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}