Liuxin Qiao , Chunlong Liu , Guohuan Su , Yuning Zhang , Jiayuan Xie , Min Zhang , Jun Xu
{"title":"Spatial distribution and introduction pathways of non-native freshwater fish species in China","authors":"Liuxin Qiao , Chunlong Liu , Guohuan Su , Yuning Zhang , Jiayuan Xie , Min Zhang , Jun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-native freshwater fish species are regarded as a key factor responsible for the degradation of freshwater ecosystems. Although research on China's non-native freshwater fish species has been conducted at the national scale, the spatial distribution and introduction pathways of these species in China remain unclear. To address this knowledge gap, this study compiled a dataset of non-native freshwater fish species across administrative regions in China. We first assessed the number of non-native freshwater fish species by taxonomy, geographical origin, introduction pathway, and province. There were 177 non-native freshwater fish species, belonging to 17 orders, 48 families, and 118 genera. The orders Cypriniformes (33.3%), Perciformes (28.2%), Siluriformes (10.2%), and Salmoniformes (6.2%) accounted for the largest proportion of non-native freshwater fish species. Eighty-nine non-native species were introduced from other countries or regions, mostly from North America (31 species; 34.8%), Asia (20 species; 22.5%), Africa (13 species; 14.6%), Europe (11 species; 12.4%), and South America (10 species; 11.2%). Aquaculture was the most common introduction pathway. Non-native freshwater fish species were more widely distributed in southwest China. Our study showed that there were obvious differences in the number and composition of non-native freshwater fish species across various provinces in China. The variation in the number of non-native freshwater fish species across provinces in China was attributed to distinct geographical features, development of the aquaculture industry, and efforts to study non-native freshwater fish species. Therefore, comprehensive surveys and studies of non-native freshwater fish species are needed, which are of great importance for the management and control of non-native species invasions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100276"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guobin Chen , Tong Zhou , Jizeng Cao , Guiwei Zou , Hongwei Liang
{"title":"Comparative transcriptome sequencing and weighted coexpression network analysis reveal growth-related hub genes and key pathways in the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis)","authors":"Guobin Chen , Tong Zhou , Jizeng Cao , Guiwei Zou , Hongwei Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Chinese soft-shelled turtle (<em>Pelodiscus sinensis</em>) exhibits sexual dimorphism. Compared with females, males are considered to have higher economic value due to their accelerated growth, greater body mass, and longer skirt width. Studies focused on these sex disparities have largely neglected potential sex differences in growth. Here, we performed RNA sequencing of muscle tissue components from 1-year-old specimens to reveal gene expression patterns in <em>P. sinensis</em>. In our male and female cohorts, our analysis revealed, respectively, 388 and 526 upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 1129 and 635 downregulated DEGs. Through weighted coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and integration with phenotype data, we established two main gene modules: a light yellow module encompassing 191 genes (e.g., <em>ACACB</em>, <em>CTH, HADHA</em>, and <em>CTNNB</em>) that demonstrated a positive correlation with population traits, and a black module comprising 298 genes (e.g., <em>CAV3</em>, <em>PIK3CD</em>, <em>SMAD3</em>, and <em>VEGFA</em>) that demonstrated a negative correlation with population traits. We also performed a DEG evaluation and gene set enrichment analysis across individuals of different sizes and noted that pathways such as protein digestion and assimilation (ko04974), were substantially augmented in larger specimens. In these pathways, the collagen (COL) and solute carrier (SLC) gene families were noted to be crucial for sustaining body structure and facilitating nutrient and metabolite transportation. In conclusion, we elucidated the essential modules, pivotal genes, and pathways involved in gene expression differences among various <em>P. sinensis</em> size groupings. Our results provide novel insights for future studies on growth discrepancies in <em>P. sinensis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100286"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141692061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhimin Zhang , Haokun Liu , Junyan Jin , Xiaoming Zhu , Dong Han , Shouqi Xie
{"title":"Towards a low-carbon footprint: Current status and prospects for aquaculture","authors":"Zhimin Zhang , Haokun Liu , Junyan Jin , Xiaoming Zhu , Dong Han , Shouqi Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquaculture is one of the fastest-growing agricultural sectors globally and is becoming increasingly important for producing sustainable and healthy diets with relatively low climate impacts. In comparison to livestock production, especially beef, seafood production has lower carbon emissions. Additionally, some species can extract carbon from aquatic environments, contributing to an extended carbon cycle. However, the potential for negative environmental consequences in aquaculture production might increase with the growing global population and demand for aquatic food. Herein, we review the environmental consequences of aquaculture production and the potential effects of different aquatic products on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. We also summarize approaches to improving environmental footprints for mitigating global climate change. Key elements, including improving feed efficiency, selecting suitable farmed species, and implementing sustainable farming practices and management in aquaculture, are discussed, as well as the trade-offs between aquaculture and capture fisheries. Crucially, performance gaps among farmed species underscore the potential for consumer-oriented advice to significantly reduce the effects of aquaculture on climate change. However, uncertainties and knowledge gaps related to carbon sequestration and GHG emissions in aquaculture ponds necessitate further research. Overall, holistic evaluation and strategic intervention regarding GHG emissions are fundamental and essential for achieving a sustainable, low-carbon future for aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100290"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141853877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Han Xu , Chengchi Fang , Cheng Wang , Xiaoni Gan , Shunping He
{"title":"Lipidome and proteome analyses provide insights into Mariana Trench Snailfish (Pseudoliparis swirei) adaptation to the hadal zone","authors":"Han Xu , Chengchi Fang , Cheng Wang , Xiaoni Gan , Shunping He","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hadal zone environment, characterized by extreme hydrostatic pressure, low temperatures, and limited food availability, presents substantial survival challenges for deep-sea fish species. In this study, we captured five deep-sea fish species (<em>Bathysaurus mollis</em>, <em>Coryphaenoides rudis</em>, <em>Ilyophis</em> sp., <em>I</em>. <em>brunneus</em> and <em>Pseudoliparis swirei</em>) from the Mariana Trench at depths ranging from 2027 to 7125 m, by employing China's “Exploration I and Exploration II”. By combining lipidomic and proteomic analyses, we aimed to explore the genetic basis of adaptive evolution to the hadal zone in fish. The results indicate several key findings: (1) <em>P</em>. <em>swirei</em> (Mariana hadal snailfish, MHS) may enhance energy storage and utilization during prolonged fasting periods by significantly increasing liver tissue levels of cholesterol ester (CE), ether-linked triacylglycerol (TG-O), coenzyme Q (CoQ), and ATPase content; (2) MHS could maintain membrane fluidity under high pressure by increasing the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids while reducing levels of cholesterol and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) content. (3) The regulation of lipid types and ratios could increase the risk of lipid peroxidation. To counter oxidative stress, MHS likely elevates monounsaturated fatty acid content and enhances antioxidants such as transferrin and heat shock proteins. Overall, this study provides new insights into the adaptive mechanisms of MHS to deep-sea conditions through the lipidome and proteome analyses, thus broadening our understanding of its resilience in the hadal zone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100295"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robert M. Hughes , David M. Chambers , Dominick A. DellaSala , James R. Karr , Susan C. Lubetkin , Sarah O'Neal , Robert L. Vadas Jr. , Carol Ann Woody
{"title":"Environmental impact assessments should include rigorous scientific peer review","authors":"Robert M. Hughes , David M. Chambers , Dominick A. DellaSala , James R. Karr , Susan C. Lubetkin , Sarah O'Neal , Robert L. Vadas Jr. , Carol Ann Woody","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Twenty USA states or jurisdictions and 125 nations have modeled national environmental policies after the National Environmental Policy Act. That act mandates that federal agencies initiate environmental impact statements (EISs) when substantive environmental or human health consequences are likely because of an agency action related to proposed development projects. The science used to inform the EIS process, however, does not require independent scientific peer review (ISPR) in the USA or most other nations. But ISPR is needed for governments to accurately inform the EIS decision-making and public reporting processes. Instead, science is routinely manipulated during EIS reviews to generate expedient project outcomes with substantially negative ecological, political, and long-term economic consequences. We provide four examples of EISs that lack ISPR, as well as four examples where reviews by independent scientists were helpful to improve agency decisions. We also recommend that independent scientists (no affiliation with the project proponents or agencies overseeing projects) be used to help assess potential environmental and socio-economic impacts, as well as offer appropriate risk assessments, study designs, and monitoring timeframes. We conclude that nations should convene formal reviews using independent scientists as a form of peer review in the EIS process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100269"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772735124000301/pdfft?md5=69bd67fbbddbbcfa1d30ca936e4c6ef5&pid=1-s2.0-S2772735124000301-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141731967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tingting Pan , Jing Zhang , Che Hu , Guanxiong Yan , Weiwei Qin , Zixin Cheng , Dongxia Yuan , Fang Zhou , Jie Xiong , Wei Miao , Chuanqi Jiang
{"title":"An improved method for tubulin staining of ciliated eukaryotes","authors":"Tingting Pan , Jing Zhang , Che Hu , Guanxiong Yan , Weiwei Qin , Zixin Cheng , Dongxia Yuan , Fang Zhou , Jie Xiong , Wei Miao , Chuanqi Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ciliated microeukaryotes (ciliates) are distinguished by their cilia, which are rich in tubulin. We developed a method for tubulin staining in ciliate cells that involves using live-cell tubulin-staining dyes instead of antibodies thereby streamlining the staining process, which is effective across diverse ciliate lineages. Moreover, our method allows integration with immunofluorescence staining using antibodies when needed. The potential applications of this technique extend to cell biology and ciliate morphological and ecological studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100274"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772735124000350/pdfft?md5=84f89319fcf12dd9cfbe56c612904f77&pid=1-s2.0-S2772735124000350-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141732043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thirty years of change: Assessing the dynamics of fish communities in Daya Bay, a semi-enclosed coastal ecosystem of the South China sea","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Daya Bay is a semi-enclosed bay in the South China Sea which is a coastal ecosystem with significant ecological and economic value that is subjected to a variety of anthropogenic disturbances. However, long-term variation in fish community structure in this Bay remains uncertain. In this study, we aimed to explore the changing characteristics of fish species composition and community structure in Daya Bay during the past 30 years using data from 1989 to 2021 from bottom trawl surveys and historical literature data. As of now, a total of 544 species of fish have been identified in the Bay, belonging to 24 orders and 125 families. The structure of the fish community in the bay has changed over time. Firstly, there has been a clear decrease in the number of species and biomass of large fish. Secondly, the number of fish constituent orders and families has decreased. Moreover, both the average taxonomic distinctness and variation in taxonomic distinctness decreased from 1989 to 2021. Thirdly, there is low similarity among fishes at different time phases and distinct changes in the composition of dominant species. Present results indicate that the fish community structure in Daya Bay has tended to reflect a decline in diversity, shifts in composition, and shrinking of fish body size in the past 30 years. This study improves our understanding of fish species composition and its drivers over time in Daya Bay, providing important knowledge to support the protection and restoration of this ecosystem and the important ecosystem services it provides.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100268"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772735124000246/pdfft?md5=5aaea382f3483608d5f68bd1e7a47ae9&pid=1-s2.0-S2772735124000246-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140768914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A recombinase polymerase amplification with lateral flow assay for rapid on-the-spot detection of Aeromonas salmonicida","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Aeromonas salmonicida</em> is a common pathogen of salmonid fishes that poses a significant threat to the fresh water and marine culture industry, potentially resulting in huge economic losses. To prevent and control fish diseases caused by <em>A. salmonicida</em>, rapid and effective diagnostic approaches must be developed, and which are important for routine monitoring and clinical care. By combining recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technology with a visible lateral flow strip (RPA-LF), we have enhanced both the precision of RPA detection and the convenience of real-time monitoring. In this study, we introduce a robust method for detecting <em>A. salmonicida</em> using RPA-LF. This assay specifically targets the ASA_1441 gene of <em>A. salmonicida</em>, ensuring high specificity, without cross-reactivity with other prevalent fresh water or marine pathogens. The optimal amplification temperature of the RPA assay was 39 °C. Its sensitivity extends to as low as 100 fg of purified DNA, representing more than 1000-fold higher sensitivity than conventional PCR methods. Furthermore, to enhance the usability of the RPA-LF assay, we developed a rapid sample preparation method using cellulose dipsticks for nucleic acid extraction. This method achieves a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 1.67 CFU/μL and completes the entire process within 20 min. In conclusion, our findings present a rapid and precise tool for monitoring <em>A. salmonicida</em> infection in aquaculture and marine culture. This advancement offers valuable insights for effective disease prevention and control strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100272"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772735124000337/pdfft?md5=126901cd7c2312fc1afeba1f805d4806&pid=1-s2.0-S2772735124000337-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141139412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diversity in freshwater scuticociliates (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia): Two new species isolated from a wetland in northern China, focusing on their morphology, taxonomy, and molecular phylogeny, with establishment of a new family Glauconematidae fam. nov.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the aquatic microbial food web, scuticociliates are diverse and predominant in almost all kinds of biotopes while extremely confused regarding their taxonomy and systematic relationships within the subclass Scuticociliatia. Here we provide detailed descriptions of two new and one known species, <em>Glauconema sinica</em> sp. nov., <em>Pleuronema parasetigerum</em> sp. nov., and <em>Histiobalantium natans viridis</em>, isolated from a freshwater wetland in northern China, along with their molecular phylogeny based on SSU rRNA gene sequences. Our results show: (1) both molecular and morphological data strongly support that the isolated lineage containing the genera <em>Glauconema</em>, <em>Miamiensis</em>, <em>Paramesanophrys</em>, and <em>Anophryoides</em> should be identified as a new taxon at the family level in the order Philasterida; hence, a new family, Glauconematidae fam. nov., is established. This new family is mainly characterized by the polymorphic life cycle of its members (macrostome and microstome stages); the trophont (or macrostome) has closely spaced membranelles 1–3, whereas in the tomite (or microstome) membranelle 1 is distant from membranelle 2. (2) Phylogenetic analyses using novel data for these species revealed that all three cluster with their congeners, supporting the validity of the genera to which they belong. Molecular information also supports the monophyly of the two main scuticociliate orders Pleuronematida and Philasterida.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100275"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772735124000362/pdfft?md5=d440f26da58f3a6edfafb53c9107b4d2&pid=1-s2.0-S2772735124000362-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141391786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhipeng Kang , Teng Wang , Chunhou Li , Jinfa Zhao , Juan Shi , Hongyu Xie , Yong Liu
{"title":"Species composition and succession of coral reef fishes in Huaguang Reef, Xisha Islands","authors":"Zhipeng Kang , Teng Wang , Chunhou Li , Jinfa Zhao , Juan Shi , Hongyu Xie , Yong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2024.100273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A list of coral reef fish species of Huaguang Reef was compiled in 2023 using hand fishing, diving fishing, underwater video, and eDNA detection, combined with historical data from 1979 and archival records from the South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences for the years of 1998, 1999, 2003, and 2005. Successional characteristics of coral reef fishes through time were also explored. The findings revealed: (1) A total of 299 coral reef fish species were identified in Huaguang Reef, categorized into 2 classes, 16 orders, and 56 families, with Perciformes exhibiting the highest species count (234), constituting 78.26% of all species. (2) In comparison to the period of 1979–2005, there was a reduction in the number of species at the order and family levels in 2023 at Huaguang Reef. Both the average taxonomic distinctness (Δ+) and the variation in taxonomic distinctness (Λ+) exhibited a declining trend, indicating disturbances in the fish ecosystem. (3) The proportion of herbivorous fish at Huaguang Reef remained relatively stable in 2023 compared to the 1979–2005 period. Notably, the similarity coefficient of herbivorous fish was the highest among different feeding types, signifying a degraded state of the Huaguang Reef habitat. (4) In contrast to the 1979–2005 period, a significant decline was observed in large-sized and carnivorous fish species at Huaguang Reef in 2023. The low similarity coefficients for both categories, with undiscovered fish species accounting for 58.49% and 45.76% of their respective taxa in the total list, respectively, suggested a notable impact of overfishing on coral reef fishes. The succession patterns revealed in this study provide a theoretical foundation for advancing the sustainable development of coral reef fish resources in the Xisha Islands and offer valuable insights for the protection and management of coral reef fishes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100273"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772735124000349/pdfft?md5=9dcef2d93de6d800ed80024bae1600f3&pid=1-s2.0-S2772735124000349-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141731969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}