Transactions of the British Mycological Society最新文献

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Use of 14C-labelled wheat tissue to demonstrate saprophytic growth of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici in soil 14c标记小麦组织在土壤中腐生生长的研究
Transactions of the British Mycological Society Pub Date : 1988-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80005-6
O.F. Glenn, C.A. Parker, K. Sivasithamparam
{"title":"Use of 14C-labelled wheat tissue to demonstrate saprophytic growth of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici in soil","authors":"O.F. Glenn,&nbsp;C.A. Parker,&nbsp;K. Sivasithamparam","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80005-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80005-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A combination of autoradiographic and liquid scintillation counting methods were used to detect and trace metabolic activity of <em>Gaeumannomyces graminis</em> var. <em>tritici</em> during growth through soil. The pathogen was shown to be capable of combative migration through soil and to have grown saprophytically on organic residues present in natural soil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"90 4","pages":"Pages 545-550"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80005-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75684964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Ascosporic iterative germination in Epichloe typhina 水仙的子囊孢子迭代萌发
Transactions of the British Mycological Society Pub Date : 1988-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80060-3
Charles W. Bacon, Dorothy M. Hinton
{"title":"Ascosporic iterative germination in Epichloe typhina","authors":"Charles W. Bacon,&nbsp;Dorothy M. Hinton","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80060-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80060-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ascospores of <em>Epichloe typhina</em> germinated and produced phialides and conidia within a 24 h period, but produced no mycelium. This type of microcycle conidiation was referred to as iterative germination. All attempts at producing mycelium from ascospores failed; ascospores developed conidia under all cultural conditions tried in the study. Conidia produced during the process were viable, and morphologically similar to those produced in culture by mycelium, and to those produced by the fungus on its host meadow grass, <em>Sphenopholis obtusata</em>. This is the first report of microcycle conidiation by ascospores. Since the ascospores required no thermal or precultural induction period, it was concluded that in contrast to this phenomenon by conidia of other fungi, iterative germination to form conidia by ascospores of <em>E. typhina</em> is obligatory.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"90 4","pages":"Pages 563-569"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80060-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80930575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 46
Effect of polymeric additives, especially Junlon and Hostacerin, on growth of some basidiomycetes in submerged culture 聚合物添加剂对某些担子菌深层培养生长的影响,特别是君隆和Hostacerin
Transactions of the British Mycological Society Pub Date : 1988-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80062-7
Penelope Jones, Batool A. Shahab, A.P.J. Trinci, D. Moore
{"title":"Effect of polymeric additives, especially Junlon and Hostacerin, on growth of some basidiomycetes in submerged culture","authors":"Penelope Jones,&nbsp;Batool A. Shahab,&nbsp;A.P.J. Trinci,&nbsp;D. Moore","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80062-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80062-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Six species of the Agaricaceae, Coprinaceae, Cortinariaceae and Polyporaceae were caused to grow as finely divided mycelial suspensions in submerged culture by inclusion in the medium of 0.1−0.2% (w/v) polyacrylic acid or sodium polyacrylate. In the absence of polyacrylates, liquid cultures tended to produce large mycelial clumps whereas cultures containing polymer largely grew as dispersed hyphal filaments (<em>Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Phlebia radiata</em>and <em>Phlebia gigantea</em>) or formed numerous minute pellets (<em>Bjerkandera adusta, Coprinus cinereus</em> and <em>Pleurotus ostreatus</em>). Other polyacrylate salts and acrylamides were less effective in preventing mycelial aggregation and other polymers including alginate derivatives, sorbitans, cellulose and modified celluloses, carrageenan, polyvinyl alcohols and quaternary ammonium compounds were ineffective in promoting filamentous growth. Biomass yields were significantly increased by inclusion of Junlon PW110 (polyacrylic acid) or Hostacerin (sodium polyacrylate) in the medium; yield was doubled in many cases. Increases in yield were probably due to the filamentous cultures maintaining exponential growth for a longer period than when aggregates were formed but growth rates were also improved in medium containing the polymers. The optimum concentration of polymer depends on the species and the constitution of the growth medium; modification of the medium enabled <em>C. cinereus</em> to be grown with dispersed filamentous growth both in shake-flask and fermenter cultures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"90 4","pages":"Pages 577-583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80062-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86929576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Exploitation of faecal resource units by coprophilous ascomycotina 粪亲子囊菌对粪便资源单位的利用
Transactions of the British Mycological Society Pub Date : 1988-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80064-0
H.M. Safar, R.C. Cooke
{"title":"Exploitation of faecal resource units by coprophilous ascomycotina","authors":"H.M. Safar,&nbsp;R.C. Cooke","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80064-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80064-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ability of <em>Ascobolus viridulus, Chaetomium bostrychodes</em> and <em>Sordaria macrospora</em> to produce biomass within, fruit upon, and cause degradation of rabbit faeces was followed using faecal resource units (copromes). On all three criteria, performance was in the order <em>C. bostrychodes</em> &gt; <em>S. macrospora</em> &gt; <em>A. viridulus</em>. This did not correlate with hyphal extension rates, which were in the order <em>S. macrospora</em> &gt; <em>C. bostrychodes</em> &gt; <em>A. viridulus</em>. Species mixtures produced generally higher degradation rates than those effected by single species.</p><p>In mixtures, fruiting of all species was depressed, especially that of <em>A. viridulus</em>. For single species, fruiting patterns appeared to be determined by the time at which sufficient resources could be allocated to reproduction rather than by hyphal extension rates.</p><p>These results are discussed in relation to current concepts of nutrient competition and resource distribution between coprophilous fungi.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"90 4","pages":"Pages 593-599"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80064-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84984047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Chemotropism of germ-tubes of Phytophthora citricola citricola疫霉菌芽管的趋化性
Transactions of the British Mycological Society Pub Date : 1988-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80071-8
Michael J. Carlile, Pamela M. Tew
{"title":"Chemotropism of germ-tubes of Phytophthora citricola","authors":"Michael J. Carlile,&nbsp;Pamela M. Tew","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80071-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80071-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Germ-tubes of <em>Phytophthora citricola</em> lack chemotropism to casein hydrolysate but show negative aerotropism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"90 4","pages":"Pages 644-646"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80071-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88918240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Chemotropic growth of germ-tubes of Cochliobolus sativus to barley roots or root exudates 青稞根或根渗出物对青稞胚管的趋化生长
Transactions of the British Mycological Society Pub Date : 1988-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80072-X
Hans-Börje Jansson, Tomas Johansson , Birgit Nordbring-Hertz, Anders Tunlid , Göran Odham
{"title":"Chemotropic growth of germ-tubes of Cochliobolus sativus to barley roots or root exudates","authors":"Hans-Börje Jansson,&nbsp;Tomas Johansson ,&nbsp;Birgit Nordbring-Hertz,&nbsp;Anders Tunlid ,&nbsp;Göran Odham","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80072-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80072-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An agar plate assay was devised for studying chemotropic growth of fungi. Germ-tubes of the ascomycetous plant pathogen <em>Cochliobolus sativus</em> grew chemotropically towards sterilized barley roots or root exudates. Chemotropism was confined to the zone approximately 0–2 mm from the root or the source of root exudate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"90 4","pages":"Pages 647-650"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80072-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85634950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Tricladiomyces geniculatus sp. nov., a conidial basidiomycete 一种分生孢子担子菌
Transactions of the British Mycological Society Pub Date : 1988-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80079-2
A. Nawawi, A.J. Kuthubutheen
{"title":"Tricladiomyces geniculatus sp. nov., a conidial basidiomycete","authors":"A. Nawawi,&nbsp;A.J. Kuthubutheen","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80079-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80079-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Tricladiomyces geniculatus</em> sp. nov., a staurosporous fungus with dolipore septa from submerged decaying leaves is described and illustrated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"90 4","pages":"Pages 670-673"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80079-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73092086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Schizochytrium mangrovei sp. nov., a thraustochytrid from mangroves in India mangrovei Schizochytrium sp. nov.,一种产自印度红树林的节肢动物
Transactions of the British Mycological Society Pub Date : 1988-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80068-8
S. Raghu-Kumar
{"title":"Schizochytrium mangrovei sp. nov., a thraustochytrid from mangroves in India","authors":"S. Raghu-Kumar","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80068-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80068-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Schizochytrium mangrovei</em> sp. nov. on decaying mangrove leaves is described from Goa, India. In sea water/pine pollen cultures, the encysted zoospore divides by repeated binary divisions to form 4, 6, 8 or 12 cells. Instead of forming sporangia as in the other species of <em>Schizochytrium</em>, these cells directly become zoospores. In nutrient liquid media, the developmental stages resemble those of <em>Ulkenia</em>. A key to the species of <em>Schizochytrium</em> is given.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"90 4","pages":"Pages 627-631"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80068-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77607651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 40
In vitro growth and germination of phylloplane fungi in atmospheric sulphur dioxide 叶状真菌在大气二氧化硫中的体外生长和萌发
Transactions of the British Mycological Society Pub Date : 1988-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80061-5
N. Magan, A.R. McLeod
{"title":"In vitro growth and germination of phylloplane fungi in atmospheric sulphur dioxide","authors":"N. Magan,&nbsp;A.R. McLeod","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80061-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80061-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Sporobolomyces</em> spp. and <em>Cryptococcus</em> spp. colony size and spore germination of filamentous phylloplane fungi were studied in chamber fumigation experiments exposed to 0.05–0.2 p.p.m. SO<sub>2</sub> for 24 h at 10 and 20°C. Lower temperature and higher SO<sub>2</sub> concentration decreased the colony size of <em>Sporobolomyces</em> and <em>Cryptococcus</em> spp. Percentage spore germination of <em>Alternaria alternata, Epicoccum nigrum</em> and <em>Fusarium culmorum</em> was unaffected by SO<sub>2</sub> concentration, although germ-tube extension markedly decreased. Both percentage spore germination and germ-tube length of <em>Verticillium lecanii</em> and <em>Cladosporium herbarum</em> were significantly reduced by 0.1 and 0.2 p.p.m. SO<sub>2</sub>, particularly at 20°.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"90 4","pages":"Pages 571-575"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80061-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74028596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Long-term preservation by L-drying and storage of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi 泡状丛枝菌根真菌的l型干燥和长期保存
Transactions of the British Mycological Society Pub Date : 1988-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80063-9
I.C. Tommerup
{"title":"Long-term preservation by L-drying and storage of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi","authors":"I.C. Tommerup","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80063-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80063-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Viability of the spores and hyphae of seven species of vesicular arbuscular (VA) mycorrhizal fungi was preserved for eight years by the storage of dry propagules at a vacuum of 1.3 × 10<sup>−6</sup> MPa. Preservation was measured by the ability of spores to germinate, or vegetative hyphae to regrow, and by the capacity of propagules to colonize plants and reproduce.</p><p>Anatomical and morphological characteristics of each species were unchanged when grown in association with subterranean clover, indicating that the genotypes had been preserved. Spores of <em>Acaulospora laevis, A. trappei, Glomus monosporum, G. caledonium</em> and <em>Scutellospora calospora</em>, dry hyphae of <em>G. tenue, G. monosporum, G. fasciculatum</em> and <em>S. calospora</em>, and mother-cells of <em>A. laevis</em> were suitable propagules for the long-term preservation of these fungi. The method is simple, inexpensive and suitable for the routine preservation of a range of VA fungi.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"90 4","pages":"Pages 585-591"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80063-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80400919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 27
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