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Analysis of kinetic models of the methanol-to-gasoline (MTG) process in an integral reactor 整体反应器中甲醇制汽油过程动力学模型分析
The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1996-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0923-0467(95)03075-1
Ana G. Gayubo, Pedro L. Benito, Andrés T. Aguayo, Itziar Aguirre, Javier Bilbao
{"title":"Analysis of kinetic models of the methanol-to-gasoline (MTG) process in an integral reactor","authors":"Ana G. Gayubo,&nbsp;Pedro L. Benito,&nbsp;Andrés T. Aguayo,&nbsp;Itziar Aguirre,&nbsp;Javier Bilbao","doi":"10.1016/0923-0467(95)03075-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0923-0467(95)03075-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>From experimental results obtained in a wide range of operating conditions (temperature and contact time) in an isothermal fixed bed integral reactor, the validity both of the kinetic models proposed in the literature as well as their modifications, for the methanol-to-gasoline (MTG) process at zero time on-stream, has been studied. The kinetic parameters for the various models have been calculated by solving the equation of mass conservation in the reactor for the lumps of the kinetic models. The usefulness of the model of Schipper and Krambeck for simulating the operation in the isothermal fixed bed integral reactor has been proven in the 573–648 K range.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101226,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"63 1","pages":"Pages 45-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0923-0467(95)03075-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79280821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Sequential method for the determination of operating conditions for optimizing end-use properties of a terpolymer 确定优化三元共聚物最终用途性能的操作条件的顺序方法
The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1996-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0923-0467(95)03074-3
Philippe Salaün , Jean-Léon Houzelot , Jacques Villermaux , Sylvie Marchal
{"title":"Sequential method for the determination of operating conditions for optimizing end-use properties of a terpolymer","authors":"Philippe Salaün ,&nbsp;Jean-Léon Houzelot ,&nbsp;Jacques Villermaux ,&nbsp;Sylvie Marchal","doi":"10.1016/0923-0467(95)03074-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0923-0467(95)03074-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An efficient method based on tendency modelling is presented to design operating conditions aiming at optimization of end-use properties of a terpolymer used as a viscosity index improver. In order to implement this strategy, a copolymerization model and relationships between the terpolymer structure and the properties are set up according to a sequential procedure. Six preliminary runs were required to start the process. Further runs were performed according to the predictions of an adaptive tendency model in order to minimize a performance index related to reaction time and end-use properties of the terpolymer. It was found that quasi-optimal conditions were reached after only four runs calculated according to this method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101226,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"63 1","pages":"Pages 19-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0923-0467(95)03074-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73434049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Hydrogenation of naphthalene with platinum—aluminium borate catalysts 铂-硼酸铝催化剂催化萘加氢
The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1996-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0923-0467(95)03070-0
Ting-Chia Huang, Ben-Chang Kang
{"title":"Hydrogenation of naphthalene with platinum—aluminium borate catalysts","authors":"Ting-Chia Huang,&nbsp;Ben-Chang Kang","doi":"10.1016/0923-0467(95)03070-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0923-0467(95)03070-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Naphthalene dissolved in <em>n</em>-hexadecane was used as a model compound to simulate the aromatics in diesel fuels for hydrogenation activity tests. The aluminium borate (AB<em>x</em>) supports were prepared by the coprecipitation method. The aromatic hydrogenation activity of Pt/aluminium borate catalyst (Pt—AB<em>x</em>) is higher than that of Pt—γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst, but its <em>cis</em>-decalin selectivity is lower than that of Pt—γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst owing to the higher acidity of AB<em>x</em> than γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> support. When the Al:B atomic ratio decreases, the hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis activities of Pt—AB<em>x</em> catalyst increase but the <em>cis</em>-decalin selectivity decreases.</p><p>When boron is added to the Pt—γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst to give Pt—B<em>x</em>—Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst, it improves the catalyst hydrogenation activity but reduces the <em>cis</em>-decalin selectivity since the acidity of the support increases. However, the hydrogenation activity of Pt—B<em>x</em>—Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst deceases when the Al:B ratio is smaller than 8. The Pt—B<em>x</em>—Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> is a better aromatic hydrogenation catalyst than Pt—AB<sub>x</sub> catalyst since its hydrogenolysis activity is lower.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101226,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"63 1","pages":"Pages 27-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0923-0467(95)03070-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91420025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Flow measurement of two-phase oil-in-water emulsions using wedge meters and segmental orifice meters 用楔形流量计和分段孔板流量计测量两相水包油乳剂的流量
The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1996-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0923-0467(95)03076-X
Abdullah Buhidma, Rajinder Pal
{"title":"Flow measurement of two-phase oil-in-water emulsions using wedge meters and segmental orifice meters","authors":"Abdullah Buhidma,&nbsp;Rajinder Pal","doi":"10.1016/0923-0467(95)03076-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0923-0467(95)03076-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The applicability of wedge meters and segmental orifice meters to monitor the flow rate of oil-in-water emulsions was investigated. A flow loop consisting of wedge meters and segmental orifice meters of various shapes and sizes was designed and developed. The discharge coefficients were determined for various differently concentrated oil-in-water emulsions. The oil concentration was varied from 0% to 75.18% by volume. The results indicate that wedge meters and segmental orifice meters are feasible flow-measuring devices for emulsions. The single-phase calibration curves (discharge coefficient vs. Reynolds number) are applicable to two-phase oil-in-water emulsions. The size and shape of the wedge element have a significant effect on the discharge coefficient.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101226,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"63 1","pages":"Pages 59-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0923-0467(95)03076-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81563509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
A new look 新面貌
The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1996-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0923-0467(96)80027-3
Richard Darton, Colin Webb
{"title":"A new look","authors":"Richard Darton,&nbsp;Colin Webb","doi":"10.1016/0923-0467(96)80027-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0923-0467(96)80027-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101226,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"63 1","pages":"Page v"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0923-0467(96)80027-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91967353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Two-phase velocity measurements in particle-laden coaxial jets 含粒子同轴射流的两相速度测量
The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1996-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0923-0467(95)03048-4
Jianren Fan, Hua Zhao, Jun Jin
{"title":"Two-phase velocity measurements in particle-laden coaxial jets","authors":"Jianren Fan,&nbsp;Hua Zhao,&nbsp;Jun Jin","doi":"10.1016/0923-0467(95)03048-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0923-0467(95)03048-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of solid particles on the flow characteristics of axisymmetric turbulent coaxial jets has been studied. A laser Doppler anemometer was used to measure the mean and fluctuating velocities of the two phases. Both 50 and 200 μm silica particles were used. Experimental results are presented which indicate a significant influence of the solid particles on the flow characteristics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101226,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"63 1","pages":"Pages 11-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0923-0467(95)03048-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82383847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Peptide-coupled liposomes for homogeneous immunoassay of polyclonal antibodies against proteins 多肽偶联脂质体用于蛋白多克隆抗体的均匀免疫分析
The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1996-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0923-0467(95)03067-0
Kanji Tomioka , Wataru Okada , Hideki Fukuda , Shigeo Katoh
{"title":"Peptide-coupled liposomes for homogeneous immunoassay of polyclonal antibodies against proteins","authors":"Kanji Tomioka ,&nbsp;Wataru Okada ,&nbsp;Hideki Fukuda ,&nbsp;Shigeo Katoh","doi":"10.1016/0923-0467(95)03067-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0923-0467(95)03067-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The concentration of anti-native insulin antibodies was measured by liposome immune lysis assay (LILA) using liposomes coupled with a peptide which corresponds to residues 19–30 of the B-chain of porcine insulin. Although native insulin was slightly soluble in the reaction solution used in binding the antigens to the liposomes, this peptide was readily soluble in the solution. Thus liposomes coupled with a sufficient amount of the antigen could be easily obtained. Antibodies against native insulin from several species bound to the peptide on the surface of the liposomes, and the antigen-antibody complexes activated the complement system. By using the peptide-coupled liposomes, the concentrations of antibodies against insulin from several species were measured by the LILA method without the limitation of the solubility of the antigens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101226,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"62 3","pages":"Pages 169-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0923-0467(95)03067-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74904962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Mechanical mixing and biological deactivation: the role of shear stress application time 机械搅拌与生物失活:剪切应力施加时间的作用
The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1996-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0923-0467(96)03092-8
Attilio Converti , Marco Del Borghi , Giuseppe Ferraiolo , Corrado Sommariva
{"title":"Mechanical mixing and biological deactivation: the role of shear stress application time","authors":"Attilio Converti ,&nbsp;Marco Del Borghi ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Ferraiolo ,&nbsp;Corrado Sommariva","doi":"10.1016/0923-0467(96)03092-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0923-0467(96)03092-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The macroscopic effects of mechanical mixing on the biological activities of <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> cells employed in batch fermentations of dilute starch hydrolysate solutions are studied. The rotational speed strongly affects the overall product yield over 300 min<sup>−1</sup>. Also the fermentation kinetics is markedly influenced by agitation intensity, in that the process appears to be limited by substrate diffusion from the bulk to the cell inside up to 450 min<sup>−1</sup>, whereas cell metabolism becomes of greater significance over this threshold. A new model is also presented to describe the decrease in specific productivity with the increase in either the mixing intensity or the exposure time to shear stress. The present results suggest the existence of different types of simultaneous mechanisms for metabolic activity inhibition and/or death linked to mechanical mixing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101226,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"62 3","pages":"Pages 155-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0923-0467(96)03092-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87151405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Subject index of volume 62 第62卷的主题索引
The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1996-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0923-0467(96)85003-2
{"title":"Subject index of volume 62","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0923-0467(96)85003-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0923-0467(96)85003-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101226,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"62 3","pages":"Pages 243-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0923-0467(96)85003-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137089301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Author index of volume 62 第62卷作者索引
The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1996-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0923-0467(96)85002-0
{"title":"Author index of volume 62","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0923-0467(96)85002-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0923-0467(96)85002-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101226,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"62 3","pages":"Page 241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0923-0467(96)85002-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137089300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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