The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal最新文献

Characterisation of colloidal gas aphrons for subsequent use for protein recovery 用于蛋白质回收的胶态气aphrons的特性

The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1997-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03154-5

Paula Jauregi , Steven Gilmour , Julie Varley

{"title":"Characterisation of colloidal gas aphrons for subsequent use for protein recovery","authors":"Paula Jauregi , Steven Gilmour , Julie Varley","doi":"10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03154-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03154-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs) were first reported by Sebba (<em>J. Colloid Interface Sci., 35</em> (4) (1971) 643) as micro bubbles (10–100 μm), composed of a gaseous inner core surrounded by a thin surfactant film, which are created by intense stirring of a surfactant solution. Since then, these colloidal dispersions have been used for diverse applications (clarification of suspensions, removal of sulphur crystals, separation of organic dyes from wastewater, etc.). However, there have been no reports, as yet, of their direct application for protein recovery. In this study, CGAs are created from an anionic surfactant (AOT) and are characterised in terms of stability and gas hold-up for a range of process parameters relevant to their proposed use for protein recovery, at a later stage. A statistical experimental design was developed in order to study the effect of different factors (surfactant concentration, salt concentration, pH, time of stirring and temperature) on the stability and gas hold-up of CGAs. The analysis of results from the experimental design provides predictive statistical models. Stability was found to depend mainly on salt and surfactant concentration. Several interactions are shown to be significant including the time-temperature interaction. Gas hold-up was found to depend mainly on salt and surfactant concentration and time of stirring. Also, results from power measurements are presented and the minimum energy for the formation of CGAs, for one set of solution properties, is determined.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101226,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03154-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77290306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 85

An efficient algorithm for solving hollow-fiber bioreactor design equations 求解中空纤维生物反应器设计方程的有效算法

The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1997-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03155-7

V. K. Jayaraman, B. Kulkarni

引用次数: 4

An efficient algorithm for solving hollow-fiber bioreactor design equations 求解中空纤维生物反应器设计方程的有效算法

The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1997-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03155-7

V.K. Jayaraman, B.D. Kulkarni

引用次数: 4

The adsorption of copper(II) by Z. ramigera immobilized on Ca-alginate in packed bed columns: a dynamic approach by stimulus-response technique and evaluation of adsorption data by moment analysis 在填充床柱中固定藻酸钙对铜(II)的吸附:刺激响应技术的动态方法和矩量分析对吸附数据的评价

The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1997-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03114-4

M. Mutlu, Y. Saǧ, T. Kutsal

引用次数: 8

The application of mini-hydrocyclones in the concentration of yeast suspensions 微型旋流器在酵母悬浮液浓缩中的应用

The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1997-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03100-4

J.J. Cilliers , S.T.L. Harrison

{"title":"The application of mini-hydrocyclones in the concentration of yeast suspensions","authors":"J.J. Cilliers , S.T.L. Harrison","doi":"10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03100-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03100-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Small diameter hydrocyclones have had an increasing use in performing difficult separations between phases, due to the large centrifugal forces generated in them. The potential use of hydrocyclones in the concentration of microbial suspensions is attractive as they are continuous, high capacity devices requiring low maintenance while having the additional benefit in that they can be readily sterilised.</p><p>Results are reported on the de-watering of Bakers' yeast in a 10 mm diameter hydrocyclone to quantify the separation process. The form of the model equation for recovery has been derived based on the non-equilibrium residence time theory. This is shown to represent experimental data in that increasing pressure and temperature exhibit a positive effect on both the recovery and the concentrating effect while an increase in the feed concentration exhibits a negative effect on these. In addition, the influence of cyclone geometry on the recovery and concentration ratio has been illustrated. Increasing the vortex diameter results in an increasing concentration ratio and a decreasing recovery. Increasing the diameter of the spigot shows the opposing trends.</p><p>Typical results from a single stage separation combine a recovery of 60% with a concentration ratio of 1.25 and a recovery of 30% with a concentration ratio of 2.0. Concomitant improvement of the recovery and concentration ratio will be attainable through the use of multi-stage hydrocyclone circuits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101226,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03100-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80207982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 52

Equilibrium studies on reactive extraction of lactic acid with an amine extractant 胺萃取剂反应萃取乳酸的平衡研究

The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1997-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0923-0467(97)03117-5

Ruey-Shin Juang, Ren-Hour Huang

引用次数: 65

Modelling and simulation of anaerobic stratified biofilm for methane production and prediction of multiple steady states 厌氧分层生物膜产甲烷的建模与模拟及多稳态预测

The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1997-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03116-8

Naveen Gupta , S.K. Gupta , K.B. Ramachandran

{"title":"Modelling and simulation of anaerobic stratified biofilm for methane production and prediction of multiple steady states","authors":"Naveen Gupta , S.K. Gupta , K.B. Ramachandran","doi":"10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03116-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03116-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present work deals with modelling of anaerobic metabolism in a stratified biofilm consisting of two distinct layers of microorganisms in a fixed film reactor. The model is applied to steady state conditions and is based on substrate utilization kinetics and mass transport. The model assumes that the substrate is first metabolized by the outer acidogenic layer and the subsequent products are metabolized by the inner layer of methanogens to produce finally methane and carbon dioxide. The model considers slab geometry of the biofilm, Monod kinetics for growth rate of acidogens and the inhibition effect of volatile fatty acids on growth rate of methanogens. The diffusion equations are solved simultaneously using a modified form of the technique of orthogonal collocation on finite elements to obtain concentration profiles and the rate of methane production per unit volume of the biofilm is determined. Computer simulations are carried out to study the effect of various parameters on the rate of methane production and to investigate the existence of multiple steady states. The simulation shows that for a range of parameters values three steady states exist. It is shown that the upper steady state with highest rate of methane production may lead to unsatisfactory reactor performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101226,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 37-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03116-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81836603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The adsorption of copper (II) by Z. ramigera immobilized on Ca-alginate in packed bed columns: a dynamic approach by stimulus-response technique and evaluation of adsorption data by moment analysis 在填充床柱中固定藻酸钙对铜(II)的吸附:刺激响应技术的动态方法和矩量分析对吸附数据的评价

The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1997-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03114-4

Mehmet Mutlu , Yeşim Sağ , Tülin Kutsal

引用次数: 8

Analysis and comparison of biofilter models 生物滤池模型的分析与比较

The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1997-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03101-6

Zarook Shareefdeen, A. A. Shaikh

引用次数: 43

A new approach to evaluate kinetic parameters and mass transfer coefficients in continuous stirred tank reactors. Application to antibiotic separation 一种评估连续搅拌槽式反应器动力学参数和传质系数的新方法。抗生素分离的应用

The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 1997-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03158-2

Sunil Nath, Vivek Shukla

{"title":"A new approach to evaluate kinetic parameters and mass transfer coefficients in continuous stirred tank reactors. Application to antibiotic separation","authors":"Sunil Nath, Vivek Shukla","doi":"10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03158-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03158-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new method is proposed to evaluate kinetic parameters and mass transfer coefficients for adsorption processes carried out in continuous stirred tank reactors. This method, employing a biphasic model, does not linearize <em>nonlinear</em> solute concentration versus time data, nor does it assume the existence of equilibrium in a typical <em>nonequilibrium</em> situation as is currently done. For a nonlinear adsorption isotherm, the coupled differential equations need to be solved numerically, but using an elegant analytical solution it is possible to determine rate constants and mass transfer coefficients in the case of nonlinear kinetics with a linear adsorption isotherm. This solution (biphasic model, linear isotherm) is obtained and compared with solutions incorporating (i) a linear model (linear isotherm) and (ii) a numerical solution (nonlinear isotherm) for recovery of the antibiotic novobicoin in stirred tank reactors. For novobiocin adsorption versus time data, use of the biphasic model results in a lower mean percentage error than either the linear model or the numerical simulation; further, it provides a far superior fit of short-time adsorption behavior. Hence, we strongly advocate that the biphasic model be routinely employed along with linear models and numerical simulations of Langmuir/Freundlich isotherms for interpretation of adsorption data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101226,"journal":{"name":"The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 63-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03158-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56188188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3