Tetrahedron Green Chem最新文献

{"title":"Synthesis of biodiesel and prepared its blend: An ecofriendly, clean, alternative, and sustainable energy source","authors":"Madhuri A. Balpande ,&nbsp;Manish M. Katiya ,&nbsp;Madhukar G. Dhonde ,&nbsp;Jayant M. Gajbhiye","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A base catalyzed the transesterification reaction, resulting in a 98 % yield during biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester - FAME) synthesis. The optimization reaction protocol requires maximum agitation of 600 rpm at room temperature for 20min with a 10mol% KOH as a base catalyst and 1:8 ratios of sunflower oil and methanol to complete the reaction. This study examines the viability of using vegetable oil through transesterification to produce biodiesel on a commercial scale, with the goal of serving as a fuel substitute for diesel engines. We explored well-established spectroscopic techniques, including Infra-Red, ¹H, ¹³C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Gas Chromatography Mass Spectra, and High-Resolution Mass Spectra, to investigate the synthesized FAME in accordance with the ASTM specification. The novelty of the current study outlines the significance of synthesizing FAME through catalytic transesterification, examines its physicochemical parameters, and green chemistry matrices have shown that biodiesel is a beneficial fuel, which led to less reaction waste, better environmental compatibility, and long-term use of the current protocol. In addition to exploring biodiesel's fuel applications; we are also looking into its possible uses as a biodetergent for other purposes and a biolubricant for diesel engines. The study highlights the simple, efficient development of current biodiesel, with its sustainability, and its potential contribution to renewable energy goals. It also explores the environmental impact of transitioning to biobased alternatives and its potential applications in industries like cosmetics and automobiles. Therefore, this investigation aims to explore and combine the unique advantages associated with varying ratios of additives in FAME, with the goal of replacing as much diesel as possible. We created and experimented with blends including 10, 20, and 30 % ethanol or iso-octane in FAME; nevertheless, the blend containing 30 % ethanol works better as a diesel substitute.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in photodegradation of organic pollutants using polymer supported Fenton catalysts","authors":"Shajahan Rubina ,&nbsp;Kareem A. Feby ,&nbsp;Saithalavi Anas","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photodegradation of organic pollutants in wastewater is an ideal process for reducing environmental pollution, as it harnesses light energy to break down harmful compounds into safer byproducts. Supported catalysts play a crucial role in this process as they increase the stability and reusability of the photocatalysts, enhance light absorption, and improve degradation efficiency by providing a larger surface area for the reaction. This certainly improves the sustainability and effectiveness of the contaminated water treatment. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of various polymer-supported Fenton catalysts for the photodegradation of organic compounds in wastewater treatment. The discussion is structured based on the type of polymer such as polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, resins, Nafion and other miscellaneous polymers employed as suitable solid support for Fenton catalysts. Key aspects of each category of these supported catalysts are explored, including their preparation methods, structural characteristics, and catalytic performance in degrading pollutants under different conditions. The review also focuses on the recent challenges and gaps in this area of research in terms of catalyst stability, reusability, and efficiency under varying environmental conditions. By consolidating the existing knowledge on the title topic, this article serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners, offering insights into the potential of polymer-supported Fenton catalysts and directing toward more effective and sustainable photocatalytic systems for wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced approach to O-alkyl/aryl salicylaldehyde derivatives: Synthesis, characterization, and free-radical homopolymerization for improved thermal stability","authors":"Aashna Perwin,&nbsp;Nasreen Mazumdar","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the development of bioactive materials centered around salicylaldehyde, we synthesized O-alkyl/aryl derivatives through the etherification of the phenolic group. Salicylaldehyde underwent a copper-catalyzed reaction with various halides under basic conditions, yielding 2-(3-chloropyrazin-2-yl)oxy benzaldehyde, 2-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)oxy benzaldehyde, and 3-(2-formylphenoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate. Meanwhile, 2-(2-formylphenoxy)ethyl methacrylate was synthesized via a sonication-assisted Mitsunobu reaction, affording high yields of ether derivatives. Structural elucidation was achieved using standard analytical techniques, such as ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, FT-IR and LC-MS. The free radical homopolymerization of 3-(2-formylphenoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate using benzoyl peroxide as an initiator was successfully achieved. The resulting polymer exhibited enhanced thermal stability, as confirmed by solid-state ¹³C NMR, FT-IR, TGA, DSC, and SEM analyses, with a higher glass transition temperature than the reported poly(glycidyl methacrylate). This increase in <em>T</em>_<em>g</em> is attributed to the enhanced rigidity introduced by the aromatic ring in the homopolymer. This study highlights the successful synthesis of various O-alkyl/aryl salicylaldehyde derivatives using different techniques and functionalities, followed by the effective polymerization of one of the monomers, 3-(2-formylphenoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100072"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress of homogeneous catalytic reactions of hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP)","authors":"Huiying Xu,&nbsp;Huidan Luo,&nbsp;Yi Wang,&nbsp;Hui Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) is a solvent with unique properties. In recent years, it has received widespread attention due to its ability to stabilize ionic species, transfer protons, and participate in a range of intermolecular interactions, demonstrating excellent benefits in facilitating a variety of challenging chemical reactions. In this review, after a brief introduction to the physical and chemical properties of HFIP in hand, we present examples from the literature representing theoretical studies using HFIP as a solvent in transition metal-, Lewis/Brønsted acid-catalyzed reactions, and homogeneous catalytic reactions (with HFIP itself acting as a catalyst. These examples emphasize the multifunctional role played by HFIP. This indicates that in-depth understanding of its reaction mechanism and performance characteristics is helpful to optimize its application conditions in organic synthesis and improve the efficiency and yield of the reaction. The deep theoretical studies of HFIP in chemical reactions is expected to provide more possibilities and selectivity for the synthesis and application of new compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100071"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorization of saffron waste as a natural source of 3-hydroxy-γ-butyrolactone, a valuable chiral building block for pharmaceutical applications","authors":"M. Corti ,&nbsp;S. Princiotto ,&nbsp;M. Zuccolo ,&nbsp;G. Beretta ,&nbsp;S. Dallavalle ,&nbsp;A. Pinto ,&nbsp;F. Annunziata ,&nbsp;G. Borgonovo","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Saffron is the most expensive spice, appreciated in the best cuisine all over the world. However, its production is connected to the generation of a high volume of waste, i.e. stamens, leaves, tepals, spathes, corm, and tunics. Several biologically active compounds and high value chemical have been identified in the saffron biomass extracts, among which is found 3-hydroxy-γ-butyrolactone (3-HBL), a chiral building block involved in the production of different active pharmaceutical ingredients. The development of the first green and scalable extractive methodology for the isolation of 3-HBL from saffron tepals and stamen could be of great interest for different chemical sectors. After the selection of the best extractive medium (ethyl acetate) and the optimization of the operative procedure to a two-step protocol, microwave assisted extraction and accelerated solvent extraction were compared. The results showed a 3.6 ± 0.2 % vs 2.1 ± 0.1 % w/w recovery and could be exploitable not only on a lab scale but also for a possible industrial application. An enantiomeric excess of 14 % of the (<em>S</em>)-(−) isomer was found.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100069"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protecting group-free photocatalyzed O-arylation of quinic acid","authors":"Miguel A. Bárbara ,&nbsp;Nuno R. Candeias ,&nbsp;Luis F. Veiros ,&nbsp;Filipe Menezes ,&nbsp;Andrea Gualandi ,&nbsp;Pier G. Cozzi ,&nbsp;Carlos A.M. Afonso","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel and environmentally friendly approach to the preparation of quinic acid-derived esters from photocatalyzed <em>O</em>-arylation with haloarenes. This study expands the quinic acid-derived chemical space from renewable biomass by harnessing the power of visible-light-driven photocatalysis under mild conditions without the need for protecting groups. A thorough screening of reaction conditions, including the choice of photocatalyst, solvent, base, nickel source, and ligand, led to the identification of the most effective conditions, these being 5CzBN as the optimal photocatalyst, and glyme-based nickel complexes as the preferred nickel source. These conditions enabled the formation of <em>O</em>-arylated products with good yields without noticeable formation of decarboxylated products. Computational calculations support the proposed mechanism for the <em>O</em>-arylation process, based on oxidative addition, anion exchange, and reductive elimination upon energy transfer from the photocatalyst to the Ni(II) species. Computational considerations for a nickel-catalyzed photodecarboxylative arylation mechanism suggest that the oxidation of quinate by the excited photocatalyst or other species derived thereof is considerably less favorable than a pathway only involving energy transfer to a nickel species. The research provides valuable insights into the mechanism of this environmentally conscious transformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrosynthesis of benzimidazole-fused quinazolinones via a cascade addition-desulfurization-cyclization process","authors":"Khuyen Thu Nguyen ,&nbsp;Mongkol Sukwattanasinitt ,&nbsp;Sumrit Wacharasindhu","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electrosynthesis of benzimidazole-fused quinazolinones from <em>N</em>-substituted <em>o</em>-phenylenediamines and isothiocyanates <em>via</em> a cascade addition-desulfurization-cyclization process was introduced. This electrochemical approach utilizes the mild and efficient non-metal oxidizing agent, NaI in sub-stoichiometric amounts as an electrolyte/mediator under open-flask conditions. A variety of benzimidazole-fused quinazolinones were prepared in moderate to excellent yields (30–98 %, 10 examples). Additionally, the optimal conditions were successfully applied to the synthesis of benzoxazoloquinazolinones and benzothiazolquinazolinones (30–72 %, 6 examples). This electrochemical process is scalable, while maintaining reaction efficiency even at the gram scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of SnS2 nanoparticles for enhanced photocatalytic and electrochemical sensing applications","authors":"Sumanjali Kota ,&nbsp;Akshay Shivashankar ,&nbsp;Tushvitha Dhayakaran ,&nbsp;Uthkruthi Munegowda ,&nbsp;Bharath K. Devendra","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a straightforward, cost-effective method for synthesizing Tin Sulfide (SnS₂) nanoparticles using magnetic stirring. The prepared SnS₂ was analyzed using XRD, FESEM, EDAX, UV–Vis, FTIR, XPS, HRTEM, and SAED analysis. The photodegradation of Methyl Violet (MV) dye achieved a 93.8 % decolourization rate within 120 min, following first-order kinetic reaction rates. The half-life (t1/2) was determined to be 31.18 min, and the stability of the photocatalyst was evaluated under different pH conditions. Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) studies were performed using a carbon paste electrode in 2 M KOH, revealing a low electrochemical value and proton diffusion coefficient for SnS₂, indicating good redox behaviour with a C_sp of approximately 158 F/g. The electrochemical sensing of urea demonstrated excellent performance with the SnS₂ electrode. Additionally, the sensor's pH response was investigated under three different pH conditions, showing remarkable urea sensing capabilities influenced by pH and electrolyte environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100067"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laccase cataylzed synthesis of quaternary malononitriles with an aryl substituent","authors":"Parisa Amani,&nbsp;Mansour Shahedi,&nbsp;Elaheh Rezaei,&nbsp;Zohreh Habibi","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Synthesis of quaternary malononitriles with an aryl substituent is of great importance because these scaffolds serve as essential intermediates in the synthesis of bioactive compounds. This study presents an efficient method for the laccase-catalyzed arylation of 2-substituted malononitrile derivatives by oxidation of catechols using aerial oxygen as the oxidant, followed by the nucleophilic addition of 2-substituted malononitriles. The process achieves yields ranging from moderate to excellent (73–97 %), and also, it was associated with a slight decrease in efficiency in higher scales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on synthesis of β-amino carbonyl compounds using nanocatalyst","authors":"Satyaranjan Behera","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2025.100065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanomaterials have piqued researchers' interest in various fields due to their extraordinary advantages, which include a large surface area. The use of nanomaterials in catalysis is a hot issue for researchers. Catalysis plays a vital role in the synthesis of medicinal as well as pharmaceutical compounds. Pharmaceutical chemicals, including β-amino carbonyl compounds and their derivatives, are commonly used as synthetic intermediates in manufacturing natural products, pharmaceuticals, physiologically active molecules, and medicines. Synthesis of β-amino carbonyl compounds involves many processes, including Mannich and aza-Michael reactions. The synthesis of β-amino carbonyl compounds remains challenging for chemists due to their severe side products. Researchers have now used nanocatalysts to achieve clean and smooth reactions, high purity of products, and reusability. Due to high surface area, nanocatalysts have tremendous catalytic activity. Nowadays many modified nanocatalyst have been developed to produce high yields of the products. The present review described the synthesis of β-amino carbonyl compounds by using different nanocatalysts reported to date.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100065"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}