Sustainable Horizons最新文献

{"title":"Reviews on the power management for shipboard energy storage systems","authors":"Yingbing Luo ,&nbsp;Laiqiang Kong ,&nbsp;Sidun Fang ,&nbsp;Yaqing Shu ,&nbsp;Tao Niu ,&nbsp;Guanhong Chen ,&nbsp;Ruijin Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2024.100094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.horiz.2024.100094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Under increasingly severe emission restrictions in the shipbuilding industry, integrated power systems are coming to the fore as an increasingly popular alternative solution. However, improving irregular power profiles of the shipboard microgrid can be highly challenging due to the distributed power resources and multi-scenario loads involved. To guarantee the “green, safe and sustainable future” of the shipping industry, large-scale energy storage systems (ESSs) integration has been identified as an effective solution for improving the operating flexibility and reliability of the shipboard microgrid and reducing environmental impacts. However, this paper found that uncertain marine environmental disturbances will protrude state coupling characteristics of ESSs, bringing more uncertain operating states than land-based applications. Therefore, the corresponding uncertain navigation conditions tightly couple the conventional loads allocating with ESS management and make the shipboard microgrids a complex power-transport and information-transport nexus. In this paper, voltage issues of the shipboard microgrid are comprehensively summarized, and a power control model of the shipboard microgrid is mathematically modeled to formulate irregular power profiles. Then, the impact of uncertain marine environmental disturbances on ESSs is discussed for the first time, thereby proposing a preliminary state coupling model of ESS based on our battery test experiment of six months. Finally, the formulated model is analytically reviewed according to different power control approaches, and a novel adaptive power allocation scheme is proposed to account for two major issue of resources and loads coupling characteristics and ESS states coupling characteristics, which can superior deal with non-periodic and irregular power flows and shipboard ESS dynamics. Future research directions are discussed regarding high-precision power control models of ESSs and integrated shipboard cyber–physical controller systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772737824000063/pdfft?md5=6fca8517912265d6dc1320036f74c5ca&pid=1-s2.0-S2772737824000063-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139935964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced lithium ion-sieves for sustainable lithium recovery from brines","authors":"Qian Chen ,&nbsp;Zhijie Chen ,&nbsp;Hongqiang Li ,&nbsp;Bing-Jie Ni","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2024.100093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.horiz.2024.100093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The escalating demand for lithium in electrochemical energy advice has stimulated growing focus on extracting Li from alternative sources such as brines. Lithium ion-sieves (LISs), comprising manganese-based and titanium-based LISs, emerging as a promising Li recovery technique, attributed to their exceptional capacity for lithium uptake, selectivity, and recyclability. However, practical implementation faces two critical challenges: the potential dissolution of specific ions (e.g., Mn³⁺ and Ti⁴⁺) and the severe particle aggregation during synthesis. In addition, coexisting ions like Mg²⁺ hinder the selective adsorption of Li⁺ due to their similar chemical properties. To meet these challenges, heteroatom doping is supposed to enhance the performance of LISs and diverse heteroatom doped LISs have been developed recently. Herein, this comprehensive review begins by delving into the fundamental aspects of LISs, including the LIS effect and types of LISs. Subsequently, adsorption behavior and practical application of modified LISs were discussed. Finally, prospects and research directions to solidify the role of LISs in pioneering environmentally friendly and economically viable lithium recovery methods are outlined.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100093"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772737824000051/pdfft?md5=06ec5533f1cace250d2c7e2ac02c7912&pid=1-s2.0-S2772737824000051-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139901320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating storm runoff extreme in small ungauged catchments using an integrated modeling approach","authors":"Ziyong Zhao ,&nbsp;Mohamad Reza Salehi Sadaghiani ,&nbsp;Wenyu Yang ,&nbsp;Pei Hua ,&nbsp;Jin Zhang ,&nbsp;Peter Krebs","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2024.100092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.horiz.2024.100092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydrological modeling often requires long-term and stable runoff data. Due to limitations in hydrological stations, hydrological modeling in small-scale catchments faces the challenge of data scarcity. To overcome the challenge of incomplete hydrological data, an integrated modeling approach that includes a semi-distributed hydrological and a hydrodynamic numerical model was employed in a small-scale catchment located in Isserstedt, upstream of the Leutra River, Germany. The results indicated that this integrated modeling approach effectively leverages the strengths of each model and reasonably predicted peak flows. As a measure for regional runoff management, keyline method contributed to more stable hydrographs and lower peak flows, and played a role in water storage and local climate regulation. The framework proposed in this study provided valuable insights into critical storms, hydrographs, and flood extent in storm runoff extremes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277273782400004X/pdfft?md5=8085751638a49831d5e5046776e49937&pid=1-s2.0-S277273782400004X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139674271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degradation of tetracycline by nitrogen-doped biochar as a peroxydisulfate activator: Nitrogen doping pattern and non-radical mechanism","authors":"Xiuxiu Zhang ,&nbsp;Rong Huang ,&nbsp;Pau Loke Show ,&nbsp;Jürgen Mahlknecht ,&nbsp;Chongqing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2024.100091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.horiz.2024.100091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recently, nitrogen-doped biochar (NBC) has attracted a great deal of attention in the field of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the treatment of various pollutants. However, the effect of nitrogen doping method on the catalyst efficiency of NBC has not been fully understood. In this study, NBC was prepared using two different nitrogen doping methods: carbonization of urea mixed with maize straw (NBC1) and carbonization of urea mixed with pristine biochar obtained from maize straw (NBC2). Catalytic degradation of tetracycline (TC) in the presence of peroxydisulfate (PDS) and biochar catalyst was examined, and process factors and reaction mechanism were fully explored. Characterizations revealed that NBC1 had higher nitrogen content (6.86 %) and carbon defects compared to NBC2. Under the optimum conditions of NBC1 0.4 g L⁻¹, PDS 3 mM, TC 15 mg L⁻¹, and solution pH 4.6, the TC degradation efficiency reached over 86.55 % within 120 min, which was higher than that of NBC2 (57.10 %). Moreover, the catalytic system showed resistance to anions and dissolved organic matter, and the degradation efficiency of TC by NBC1 remained 82.47 % after secondary carbonization. Radical quenching and electron spin resonance spectroscopy verified the co-existence of ·OH, SO₄·⁻, O₂·⁻, and ¹O₂ in the system, and ¹O₂ made significant contribution to TC degradation. More importantly, quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations displayed that graphitic N, as the primary active site, played an important role in PDS activation for TC degradation. This work provides evidence for the preparation of efficient nitrogen-doped biochar, elucidation of the catalytic mechanism, and its feasibility in the field of wastewater treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772737824000038/pdfft?md5=26512f27896124d0b54cf9df7879762e&pid=1-s2.0-S2772737824000038-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139548484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A critical review of managing air pollution through airshed approach","authors":"Anwar Ali Khan ,&nbsp;Prashant Kumar ,&nbsp;Sunil Gulia ,&nbsp;Mukesh Khare","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2024.100090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.horiz.2024.100090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An airshed concept has been widely practiced in developed countries as a tool for air quality mitigation, but its application in developing countries is still evolving. The air pollution challenges in developing countries are complex and cannot be solved merely through a city-centric approach, requiring a suitable framework for regional airshed approach to better comprehend the sources, impacts and design adequate response, rather than localised action within administrative boundaries of a city. The implementation of the airshed approach in developing countries may encounter challenges due to various constraints, including limited resources, specifically in terms of finance, and a shortage of trained researchers, such as modellers. Additionally, the lack of high-performance computational facilities and institutional networking further adds to the difficulties faced by these countries. Thus, the main objective of this review paper is to critically analyse the various airshed approaches that are commonly used in the developed countries. By doing so, the review identify gaps in air pollution mitigation strategies specifically in developing countries and proposes a cost-effective and practical airshed management framework that can be implemented in developing countries. Airshed delineation should be based on scientific assessment of air pollution transport and accumulation through representative stations in an airshed and robust source apportionment combining meteorological factors. The domain falling in the spatial extent of airshed may be classified as nonattainment areas for maintaining the uniformity in control actions and effective implementation. Building on city-specific airshed framework, an institutional framework for regional airshed management has also been suggested for planning, monitoring and implementing the participatory approach with financial autonomy and extant regulatory backup. The suggested framework can useful for the policy makers to analyse the air pollution mitigation strategies on a regional scale.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100090"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772737824000026/pdfft?md5=98a637b9495062adfe49564d502b415b&pid=1-s2.0-S2772737824000026-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139548349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergency management of nuclear-contaminated water discharged into the ocean for marine environment security","authors":"Guangcun Shan ,&nbsp;Zejian Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2024.100089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.horiz.2024.100089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent reports from the Japanese Broadcasting Corporation (NHK) have highlighted concerning developments of the Fukushima nuclear accident. The Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water has commenced injecting seawater, with an estimated 6,000 tons of seawater being injected throughout the day. Additionally, marine fish caught in the harbor of the Fukushima nuclear power plant have been found to contain alarmingly high levels of radioactive substances, surpassing the regulatory limits by 180 times. This situation has raised significant concerns within the international community, particularly regarding nuclear security. In order to make smarter targeted decision-making, and meanwhile to reduce public concern about marine ecological environment and also the seafood in a timely manner, in this commentary article, we have provided a viewpoint for impact and emergency management of nuclear wastewater discharged into the ocean for marine ecological environment security.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772737824000014/pdfft?md5=918b154e05a5d6009be8e746d7055d45&pid=1-s2.0-S2772737824000014-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139480007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Google Earth Engine and Sentinel 1/2 data-based forest degradation monitoring of Sundarban Biosphere Reserve","authors":"Bijay Halder,&nbsp;Jatisankar Bandyopadhyay,&nbsp;Rina Khatun","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2023.100088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.horiz.2023.100088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tropical cyclone was effect through biodiversity, environment-nature circumstances, mangrove deforestation; flood inundation and high salinity at worldwide landscape and regularly in coastal ecosystem. Indian coastal areas recorded numerous tropical cyclones were impact through nature-environment effects, like Titli, Fani, Amphan, Bulbul, and Yass. This analysis was to recognize flood inundation and LULC alteration regions because of tropical cyclones. The cloud computing-based Google Earth Engine (GEE) stage is applied for growth of the flood inundation regions assessment in the affected Indian coastal area. The Random Forest (RF) approach is applied for vegetation change monitoring and Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Rader (SAR) of the pre- and post-cyclone is applied for the monitoring and mapping of cyclonic result on landforms. In the outcome, vegetation loss is 238.34 km² (2015/2016), 181.79 km²(2016/2017), 443.00 km²(2017/2018), 22.64 km²(2018/2019), 34.39 km²(2019/2020), 118.51 km² (2020/2021) and 134.24 km² (2021/2022) because of those years happens numerous cyclones Fani (2019), Bulbul (2019), Amphan (2022) and Yass (2021). The NDVI of the examining years are 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 highest values were 0.172, 0.726, 0.593, 0.831, 0.634, 0.568 and 0.387 respectively. South most parts of Ganga-delta were recording enormous alteration in certain periods; similarly, dynamics of mangrove forests are recorded. This analysis indicates that novel adaptation strategies, future disaster management and planning can help to reduce the mangrove deforestation. Mangrove plantation, river bank management and coastal planning is necessary to reducing the climate change effects. Those analyses can help to the future disaster management team, stakeholders and for awareness purpose.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772737823000421/pdfft?md5=2c83e63c4fda16a925abfcfeb7545b27&pid=1-s2.0-S2772737823000421-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139473323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The vulnerability of shifting towards a greener world: The impact of the EU's green transition on material demand","authors":"Elena Vaagenes Andersen ,&nbsp;Yuli Shan ,&nbsp;Benedikt Bruckner ,&nbsp;Martin Černý ,&nbsp;Kaan Hidiroglu ,&nbsp;Klaus Hubacek","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2023.100087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.horiz.2023.100087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The green transition from fossil fuels to renewables requires acquisition of rare earth minerals and other materials for construction of renewable energy technologies and may lead to new dependencies through imports potentially causing immense pressure on global supply chains. This study investigates the material vulnerability of sectors and countries in the EU. Vulnerability maps are created for the EU's material demands by combining three analyses: input-output analysis, forward linkage analysis and network analysis. The approach reveals the relative importance of individual sectors and their vulnerability given increasing demand. As such, the analyses help to identify which sectors, based on their current implementation of renewable energy sources, could put a country and the EU at risk of not meeting their mitigation targets by 2050. The analysis concludes that Austria, Germany, the Czech Republic, Denmark and Slovakia will experience particularly large material vulnerabilities in several of the materials investigated. Hence, such findings can provide early warnings to sectors and countries about potential implications in their supply chains along with potential mitigation measures such as secondary sourcing, material substitution and material diplomacy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277273782300041X/pdfft?md5=8bbd7d6f347cd45624fb60a7927cdf53&pid=1-s2.0-S277273782300041X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139434577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving air pollution awareness of the general public through citizen science approach","authors":"KV Abhijith ,&nbsp;Prashant Kumar ,&nbsp;Hamid Omidvarborna ,&nbsp;Ana Paula Mendes Emygdio ,&nbsp;Ben McCallan ,&nbsp;David Carpenter-Lomax","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2023.100086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.horiz.2023.100086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The citizen science approach engages the public to co-design effective solutions for air pollution challenges. Guildford Living Lab (GLL) and Zero Carbon Guildford (ZCG) initiated a collaborative air quality study to synergistically employ low-cost sensors within a public building. The aims were to develop a real-time Live Air Pollution Data (LAPD) tool for the public and raise awareness and citizen engagement through interactive quiz system. Whilst doing so, we monitored indoor and outdoor (I/O) concentrations of particulate matter (PM) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) and assessed horizontal and vertical variation of CO₂. We found that short indoor public events can raise CO₂ up to 1000 ppm; people's movements during these events can elevate PM₁₀ concentration. The PM₁₀ and CO₂ concentrations increased with the number of occupants and their distribution inside the ZCG building. Dust resuspension due to occupant activities was the main driver for high PM₁₀ concentrations, while the smaller particles (PM_2.5 and PM₁) were linked to the ingress from outside. In addition, the change in the number of occupants showed no effect on PM_2.5 and PM₁ concentrations. We found significant stratification in CO₂ in the vertical direction, accumulating CO₂ close to the ceiling inside the building. Concurrently, CO₂ in the horizontal direction was uniform without any significant variation. The analysis of data from the Interactive Quiz System revealed that 16 % of the participants had the highest air pollution exposure in their day-to-day activities. The collaborative development of LAPD and the live presentation of air pollution data to the public effectively disseminated air quality information, leading to improved awareness among individuals. This work demonstrated the citizen science approach's effectiveness in understanding and mitigating air pollution issues through a collaborative, inclusive, knowledge-sharing environment. This study inspires further citizen science initiatives between scientists, the public, research funding institutes, authorities and agencies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100086"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772737823000408/pdfft?md5=f267e043240a87d25aec92e5c26eab24&pid=1-s2.0-S2772737823000408-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139434578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing struvite, K-struvite and hydroxyapatite for the remediation of lead and cadmium contaminated soil","authors":"Lixia Qiu ,&nbsp;Chenghui Yan ,&nbsp;Tajammal Munir ,&nbsp;Ye Wang ,&nbsp;Enhao Wang ,&nbsp;Ruili Li ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Wu ,&nbsp;Yuefei Huang ,&nbsp;Bing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2023.100084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.horiz.2023.100084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heavy metal pollution leads to severe soil contamination and raises environmental concerns. Phosphorus-bearing minerals have been identified as effective and environmentally friendly agents for remediating contaminated soil. However, using recycled phosphorus for metal remediation remains limited. In this study, we investigated the potential use of recovered magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP), potassium magnesium phosphate hydrate (KMP), and hydroxyapatite (HAP) to immobilize lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in contaminated soil. The effectiveness of MAP, KMP, and HAP in modifying the chemical composition of Pb and Cd in the soil and reducing their mobility was demonstrated by the results. When added at dosages of 5:1 and 10:1, the extractable fraction of Pb decreased to 0.43–13.43 % of the control group. Similarly, the extractable fraction of Cd decreased to 49.18–76.44 % of the control group at the same dosages. Moreover, the application of these products resulted in an increase in soil pH value, urease activity, and bacterial Shannon index, thereby enhancing soil properties. The immobilization effects were more significant in Pb-contaminated soil compared to Cd-contaminated soil, and MAP and KMP exhibited a stronger passivation effect on Pb in comparison to HAP. For soil fertility improvement, a molar ratio of 10:1 was recommended, whereas a ratio of 5:1 effectively passivated Pb in contaminated soil. These findings provide evidence for the feasibility of utilizing MAP, KMP, and HAP in the immobilization of heavy metals in polluted soil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100084"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277273782300038X/pdfft?md5=7d541749ff099d04958081c730e7a872&pid=1-s2.0-S277273782300038X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139406163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}