Sustainable Horizons最新文献

{"title":"Cardiotoxicity of PFOA, PFOS, and PFOSA in Early Life Stage Zebrafish: Molecular Changes to Behavioral-level Response","authors":"Xinjie Liu ,&nbsp;Shuai Liu ,&nbsp;Wenhui Qiu ,&nbsp;Jason T. Magnuson ,&nbsp;Zhaohui Liu ,&nbsp;Ge Yang ,&nbsp;Honghong Chen ,&nbsp;Yu Li ,&nbsp;Xinyun Xu ,&nbsp;Chunmiao Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The widespread use of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) globally has led to increased pollution in the environment and has subsequently posed health risks. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and perfluorooctanesulfonamide (PFOSA) has been reported to induce immunotoxicity, endocrine toxicity, and developmental toxicity. However, the associated mechanisms and induction of cardiotoxicity following PFASs exposure remains poorly understood. Here, we explored the cardiac toxicity and associated mechanism in zebrafish embryos after exposure to PFOA, PFOS, and PFOSA at 1 and 10 μg/L by RNA sequencing, morphological and physiological assessment, and behavioral alterations. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used to predict disease and functions following exposure and predicted that the cardiac system was significantly affected by these three PFASs. The upregulation of miR-16–5p was predicted to act as an upstream regulator and involved in PFAS-induced pericardial edema. Cardiac output, an abnormal cardiac morphology, and atrial natriuretic peptide content were significantly altered following PFASs exposure. Furthermore, behavioral-level alterations were seen following exposure to PFASs. Our results indicated that PFASs could induce cardiotoxicity in zebrafish during early life stage development, the toxicity of PFOA and PFOSA may induce a more severe response relative to PFOS at relatively high concentrations according to the PCA analysis of all the tested data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100027"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772737822000220/pdfft?md5=5d0992f290491a837aaab5b2e299ac15&pid=1-s2.0-S2772737822000220-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74713280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compound climate extreme events threaten migratory birds’ conservation in western U.S.","authors":"Masoud Irannezhad ,&nbsp;Mohadeseh S. Tahami ,&nbsp;Behzad Ahmadi ,&nbsp;Junguo Liu ,&nbsp;Deliang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In a warming world, more intense and frequent compound climate extreme events pose serious challenges to biodiversity and conservation on Earth as one of the 2030 United Nations’ sustainable development goals (SDGs): “Life On Land” (SDG 15). In summer 2020, concurrent swelling wildfires and a sudden cold snap in the western U.S. killed a massive number of migratory birds. In August 2020, the hot and humid weather in response to the wildfire radiation and the oceanic evaporation could result in killing heat stress for migratory birds along the coastal shoreline, particularly in California. The heat and smoke of wildfires forced the migratory birds to abandon such feeding grounds towards inland regions, where water and food are naturally scarce, before being physiologically ready for their long-distance flyways. Then, a cold snap during 8–11 September in the Rocky Mountain states in the western U.S. urged those already weak migratory birds to fly southward before effectively recovering their physical and mental capabilities. This durable extreme starvation finally brought the skinny migrants low in the southwestern U.S. However, such ecological cascade effects of compound climate risks have rarely been acknowledged as a serious threat to migratory birds’ conservation in both scientific literature and ecosystems’ management practice. To improve our chances of saving birds’ biodiversity on Earth, hence, conscious policies and sustained efforts must immediately be arranged through SDG 13 (“Climate Actions”) based on scientific evidence and knowledge.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772737822000189/pdfft?md5=d2111cfd5fd564be6d87645ea49ff273&pid=1-s2.0-S2772737822000189-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73149744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable materials alternative to petrochemical plastics pollution: A review analysis","authors":"Narendra Singh ,&nbsp;Oladele A. Ogunseitan ,&nbsp;Ming Hung Wong ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The upward trend of global demand for fossil-fuel energy for non-energy purposes especially for the production of plastics, and non-renewable energy use (NREU) and global warming potential of the plastics life cycle is poorly understood. Alternatives to petrochemical plastics have been researched intensely, but they have not been developed to replace current plastic products at a commercially viable scale. Here, we identify challenges facing to energy intensiveness of plastic production, land use crisis for biomass production, and non-renewable energy use and global warming potential on the life cycle of plastics, and we propose a material lifecycle perspective for bioplastics. Our estimate shows that an average of about 13.8 exajoule (EJ), ranging from 10.9 to 16.7 EJ, of fossil-fuel energy consumed in 2019 was diverted to fossil-fuel feedstock for the production of plastics worldwide, this translates between 2.8 and 4.1% share of the total consumed fossil-fuel energy globally. The life cycle analysis estimate shows that bioplastics produced from 2nd generation feedstock have 25% less NREU than that of 1st generation, while the bioplastics from 1st generation feedstock required about 86% less NREU than that of petrochemical plastics. Similarly, the estimates of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions show that the reduction of GHG emission was about 187% more in biomass feedstock than that of petrochemical plastics. We conclude by presenting strategies for improving the recyclability of biological plastics through polymer design, application biotechnology, and by adopting a circular bio-based economy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100016"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772737822000116/pdfft?md5=ba091a6fb017bbe95871083900ae57ff&pid=1-s2.0-S2772737822000116-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74119769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy sources evaluation based on multi-criteria decision support approach in China","authors":"Song-Shun Lin ,&nbsp;Shui-Long Shen ,&nbsp;Annan Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to develop a comprehensive evaluation approach to analyze and grade the energy sources based on statistical data. A brief bibliometric analysis for energy sources evaluation shows that clean, sustainable and environment friendly of energy development is the main trend. Four kinds of energy sources including raw coal, crude oil, natural gas and electricity, are analyzed. The approach is developed based on the extended technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and criteria importance through inter-criteria correlation (CRITIC). The CRITIC method is utilized to assign the weights of attributes and the extended TOPSIS is applied to grade the energy sources. An example about energy sources evaluation in China is adopted. Results show that non-renewable energy sources (raw coal and crude oil), are main energy sources from 2010 to 2018. Additionally, the correlation analysis and sensitivity studies are presented to illustrate the feasibility of the developed approach. Developed approach provides a tool in energy sources analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772737822000128/pdfft?md5=2efe9643113f71f355ae78edf46be319&pid=1-s2.0-S2772737822000128-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136603123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant intelligence in a rapidly changing world: Implementation of plant-plant communications in managed plant systems","authors":"Peihua Zhang ,&nbsp;Erkai He ,&nbsp;Ana Romero-Freire ,&nbsp;Bing Xia ,&nbsp;Rongrong Ying ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Hao Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Modern farming practices rely heavily on resources input and intensive care involving huge human investments, which would likely lead to fast depletion of natural resources, increased greenhouse emissions, and soil degradations. In a world of rapid changes, the frequency of environmental stresses can be more significant than ever, consequently reducing the yield and threatening the living standards of human beings. In the pursuit of cost-effective solutions to satisfying stress management in agriculture, plant intelligence has been rarely considered despite its remarkable plasticity and adaptability to environmental stresses. To date, mounting evidence showed that plants could decipher their surroundings by sensing the environmental cues and generating signals that can be transferred to other plants. An improved fitness against stresses in receiver plants can be subsequently induced due to the anticipating responses in their metabolism, physiology, and defensive mechanisms. Thus, “smart” agricultural practices for stress management can incorporate plant intelligence to improve integrated crop management under field conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100008"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772737822000037/pdfft?md5=375eb73a1ebf26238e85ce98dd7ed29e&pid=1-s2.0-S2772737822000037-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79010463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducing plastic waste through legislative interventions in the United States: Development, obstacles, potentials, and challenges","authors":"Qingbin Wang ,&nbsp;Angela Tweedy ,&nbsp;Helen G. Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The distribution of more than 100 billion plastic bags every year in the United States has caused many environmental problems and an increasing number of local and state governments have enacted ordinances and legislations to ban or tax single-use plastic bags and other plastic products. By February 2022, a total of 11 states had enacted statewide plastic bag bans and several other states have proposed similar legislative bills. This paper reviews the development of state-level plastic bag legislation, discusses the preemption conflicts between local and state governments and other obstacles, and assesses the potentials and challenges of further plastic bag legislation for enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of legislative interventions. This study suggests that the United States should start to develop federal plastic bag legislation to overcome the preemption conflicts between state and local governments, reduce the inconsistencies in plastic bag legislations across states, and catch up with many other developed nations in plastic waste reduction. Also, public investment in research, information dissemination, environmental education, and policy assessment should be increased to enhance public awareness of, participation in, and support for reducing plastic waste.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100013"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772737822000086/pdfft?md5=8b7b5b55d37ae92593aea3e10340444a&pid=1-s2.0-S2772737822000086-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74799572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing commitment to the Sustainable Development Goals across universities worldwide","authors":"Qikun Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Higher education has been a key driver of societal changes for centuries. To provide updates on how universities participated and contributed to the transition towards sustainable development, the current study firstly showcased how universities have embedded sustainable development goals into their visions, strategies, management, and plans across different continents. Then it reviewed the landscape of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) commitments across universities based on the Times Higher Education Impact Ranking. Our result revealed that the number of universities that declared their commitment to SDG keeps increasing, from 467 Universities from 74 countries/regions in 2019 to 1406 universities from 103 countries/regions in 2022. Furthermore, universities have shifted their biggest focus from SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) in 2019 to SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure) in 2022, and SDGs 14 (Life Below Water) and 15 (Life on Land) received the least attention among universities over the years. In the end, we urge universities worldwide to take action to embed sustainable development concept into the curriculum in all disciplines, and equip our students with proper knowledges that enable them to think and act in sustainable ways.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100021"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772737822000165/pdfft?md5=01a5f5ddf6262975218a15fd4e420ae9&pid=1-s2.0-S2772737822000165-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86494569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diatom morphology and adaptation: Current progress and potentials for sustainable development","authors":"Weiqi Fu ,&nbsp;Yuexuan Shu ,&nbsp;Zhiqian Yi ,&nbsp;Yixi Su ,&nbsp;Yiwen Pan ,&nbsp;Fan Zhang ,&nbsp;Sigurdur Brynjolfsson","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diatoms are a major phytoplankton group, playing a critical role in the biogeochemical cycles of chemical elements such as carbon. They are one of the most abundant single-celled photosynthetic algae, contributing to about 40% of total marine primary production. With the increasing population and associated consumption of resources worldwide, diatoms are considered as one productive group of microalgae with sustainability potentials in several fields, such as being exploited in ecology, aquaculture, renewable fuels, and blue biotechnology for the development of value-added foods, feeds, nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. In this review, we first introduced the role of diatoms in ecology as one of the crucial climate modulators. Then we examined and discussed diatom morphotypes and their morphology shift in response to various environmental stress during adaptation. By reviewing the literature on diatom adaptive laboratory evolution under multiple environments, we identified critical metabolic shifts for acclimatization with a focus on the model diatom <em>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</em>. Finally, we summarized and pinpointed the potential of diatoms for blue biotechnology concerning their unique frustule morphology for a carbon-neutral future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772737822000104/pdfft?md5=c6cc3b652d379f769cbf949d3bd76d14&pid=1-s2.0-S2772737822000104-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82806109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the sustainability of municipal solid waste management in China 1980 - 2019","authors":"Chuanbin Zhou ,&nbsp;Ningxin Huang ,&nbsp;Guang Yang ,&nbsp;Shijun Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The sustainability of the Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) system is one of the crucial issues for achieving sustainable development goals. However, current studies only focus on evaluating certain aspects of the MSWM system at cities level, and it lacks a comprehensive overview of the sustainability of the MSWM system at the national level in China. In addition, many studies only focused on the MSWM system in the urban area, whereas the MSWM system in counties has not been systematically reported in China previously. In this work, we developed an indicator system based on the widely accepted “Wasteaware” benchmark indicator framework, consisting of four dimensions (resource value, environmental impact, economic feasibility, and social aspect) to assess the sustainability of the MSWM system in China from 1980 to 2019. It was found that the MSW generation per unit of living expenditure, recycling rate, and landfill disposal rate dropped from 87.8 g CNY⁻¹ to 16.5 g CNY⁻¹, 20.0% to 17.0%, and 100.0% to 53.3%, respectively, over the last four decades. The controlled disposal rate of MSW increased from 6.9% to 98.5%, while per capita GHGs emissions from the MSW sector rose by 2.5 times. Per capita financial input intensity increased 35 times, and the social score elevated from 8 to 83. It was found that the score of MSWM sustainability decreased from 26 to 12 first in 1980–1994, then rose to 82 from 1994 to 2019. However, the financial input efficiency of MSWM in China showed a sharp decline for both resource value and environmental impact performances, from 5.5 to 0.12 (score) billion CNY⁻¹ and from 6.2 to 0.06 (score) billion CNY⁻¹, respectively. Although the facilities, financial investment, and regulation of the MSWM in China were primarily improved, there are still challenges in reducing MSW generation, promoting recycling, and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Policy implications were put forward based on the assessment results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100020"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772737822000153/pdfft?md5=1af4aedec3f4fdf80a70b13462f4c0c4&pid=1-s2.0-S2772737822000153-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86082077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards long-term sustainability of stomatal ozone flux monitoring at forest sites","authors":"Elena Paoletti ,&nbsp;Pierre Sicard ,&nbsp;Yasutomo Hoshika ,&nbsp;Silvano Fares ,&nbsp;Ovidiu Badea ,&nbsp;Diana Pitar ,&nbsp;Ionel Popa ,&nbsp;Alessandro Anav ,&nbsp;Barbara Baesso Moura ,&nbsp;Alessandra De Marco","doi":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stomatal O₃ flux accumulated over the growing season (or phytotoxic ozone dose above a y threshold of uptake, PODy) is nowadays considered as the best biologically based metric to assess O₃ injury to vegetation and establishing critical levels (CLs). So far, CLs have used biomass losses as forest-health indicator in experimental research. Ozone-induced biomass losses of adult forests, however, are difficult to assess. We stress a need to reconcile present CLs and dose-response functions to estimate O₃-induced biomass losses. In fact, a clear discrepancy emerges when comparing CL exceedances calculated from WRF-Chem results and biomass losses estimated based on the presently available dose-response functions for different forest types. We synthesize recent evidence that visible foliar O₃ injury (VFI) recorded annually in large-scale forest surveys may be used as forest-health indicator and coupled with active O₃ monitoring in setting epidemiology-based CLs for forest protection. Bridging experimental and monitoring research is needed for validation and parameterization of field results and models, with the O₃ free-air controlled exposure (FACE) facilities as a reliable experimental tool. In fact, VFI is well correlated to O₃-induced biomass loss at O₃ FACE experiments, and POD1 and O₃ tolerance (when characterized as leaf mass per area (LMA) directly affect VFI under field conditions. POD1 shows a much stronger causality than the O₃ exposure index AOT40 in affecting VFI. Accurate calculation of PODy at field sites is now possible, thanks to recent technological advances that support low-cost and reliable monitoring of PODy at forest sites and thus ensure long-term sustainability of such laborious monitoring. We summarise evidence that active O₃ monitoring is a cost-effective approach for estimating PODy and its economic effects on forests, as the initial investment is compensated in few years by less travels to the field sites than passive O₃ monitoring. These results respond to raising legislative interest into PODy, and support long-term sustainability of PODy monitoring at forest sites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101199,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Horizons","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277273782200013X/pdfft?md5=50fdca1a423e36e691674b5729e7edb3&pid=1-s2.0-S277273782200013X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79931181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}