Sustainable Chemistry One World最新文献

{"title":"Material reusability in mine waste: A review on utilization of gold ore tailings in concrete production","authors":"Juren Michael B. Padin ,&nbsp;Kit Lester P. Balayo ,&nbsp;Evan Myles S. Rapanot ,&nbsp;Gernelyn T. Logrosa","doi":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid urbanization of the world has increased the demand for construction materials and minerals, expediting the extraction of natural resources like natural sand and valuable minerals such as gold. The latter has consequently fast-tracked the production of mine waste, one of which is gold tailings. Considering this situation, the utilization of tailings has been the focus of research in recent years as potential alternatives to construction materials. However, the literature investigating the incorporation of Artisanal and Small-scale Mining Recycled Gold Tailings (ASM RGT) into concrete is currently hard to grasp because of its scarcity. This paper reviews the studies on ore-tailing concrete to understand better how gold ore tailings have been integrated into concrete production. RGT exhibited positive results when used as partial replacements for cement and fine aggregates. The review highlights the diverse applications of gold mine tailings (GMT) and related materials across various concrete technologies. Studies demonstrate their integration into Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) systems, geopolymer concrete, and lightweight concrete products such as blocks and bricks. Some research also investigates their use in Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) and shotcrete applications, where modified tailings enhance durability and adhesion. While direct studies on Ultra High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) remain limited, improvements in strength and microstructural performance suggest potential for high-performance applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101197,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry One World","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable phytosynthesis of reusable ZnO-NPs for efficient heavy metal ion removal with antibacterial properties","authors":"Azad Yadav,&nbsp;Rahul Langyan,&nbsp;Rajesh Dhankhar","doi":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In present study, green zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were synthesized using <em>Eucalyptus globulus</em> leaf extract, providing an eco-friendly and sustainable approach for nanoparticle production. The synthesised NPs were characterized using various analytical techniques, including XRD, TEM, SAED, FTIR, UV–Vis, FESEM-EDX, TGA, BET and zeta potential analysis. The NPs exhibited a hexagonal structure, good monodispersity, and minuscule morphology as confirmed by TEM and SEM analyses. The results also indicate the formation of spherical nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 44 to 58 nm. XRD pattern confirm the presence of crystalline phase in ZnO-NPs and Brunauer Emmett and Teller’s surface area of synthesized ZnO-NPs was found to be 12.435 m²/g, with an average pore diameter falling within the mesoporous range. ZnO-NPs serve as efficient adsorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions (Ni²⁺ and Cu²⁺) and exhibit promising antibacterial properties due to their higher surface area-to-volume ratio and stronger inherent adsorption capability. The results showed that ZnO-NPs have excellent adsorption efficiency of 95 % and 94 % for Ni²⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions at 8.0 and 7.0 pH, along with 40 mg sorbent dose, 20 mg/L concentration and 90 min of contact time at 30 ºC. The adsorption of both metal ions followed the Langmuir isotherm (R² - 0.99), indicating monolayer adsorption on ZnO-NPs. The kinetic studies further showed that the adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order model, with R² values of 0.99 for Ni²⁺ and 0.97 for Cu²⁺, suggesting that chemisorption was the dominant mechanism. Furthermore, the synthesized ZnO-NPs exhibited higher antibacterial activity, effectively inhibiting growth of <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, highlighting their potential for environment amelioration and antibacterial applications. These new sustainable solutions advance progress towards Circular Economy and the UN's SDGs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101197,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry One World","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-friendly synthesis and bioactivity of Acacia catechu heartwood -derived silver oxide nanoparticles","authors":"Navya Rana ,&nbsp;Puja Kumari ,&nbsp;Madhu Bala ,&nbsp;Rakesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The heartwood of <em>Acacia catechu</em> has been highly valued in both contemporary and ayurvedic medicine for its anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, traditional applications face challenges such as low absorption, rapid degradation and limited bio availability. To overcome these limitations, this study aimed to synthesize and characterize the eco-friendly and sustainable <em>A. catechu</em> derived silver oxide nanoparticles (Ac-AgONPs) and assess their biological activities. Ac-AgONPs were prepared utilising the hydroalcoholic extract of <em>A. catechu</em> heartwood. The biosynthesized Ac-AgONPs exhibited a distinctive surface plasmon resonance peak at 590 nm. A crystalline structure of Ag₂O/AgO with an average diameter of 24.7 nm was identified through XRD analysis. Transmission electron microscopy imaging illustrated spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 13.2 nm. HPLC analysis identified catechin, tannic acid and β-carotene as crucial phytochemicals which might be involved in bioreduction of nanoparticles. Ac-AgONPs showed significantly enhanced antibacterial properties compared to crude extract, achieving a 19 ± 0.57 mm inhibition zone against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and improved efficacy against <em>Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas species and Bacillus subtilis.</em> The nanoparticles also displayed outstanding free radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀: 3.65 µg/mL), exceeding the antioxidant potential of plant extract by more than twenty times. Additionally, Ac-AgONPs facilitated the rapid photodegradation of methylene blue dye with increasing efficiency in proportion to the concentration of nanoparticles used. Overall, this study concluded that green-synthesized Ac-AgONPs offer superior bioactivity, increased antimicrobial efficacy, efficient antioxidant and photocatalytic activity, positioning them as a promising candidate for biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101197,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry One World","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization study on the conversion of restaurant waste oil to fatty acid methyl esters using a modified catalyst derived from banana peel","authors":"Esther O. Babatunde ,&nbsp;Tapiwa I. Mupazviriwo ,&nbsp;Nkosinomusa N. Dladla ,&nbsp;Lukhanyo Mekuto","doi":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>@The accumulation of restaurant waste oil (RWO) and banana peels presents significant environmental challenges, necessitating innovative approaches for their sustainable management and utilization. This study investigates the production of biodiesel from RWO using a novel heterogeneous catalyst derived from banana peels, aligning with the principles of a circular economy. The catalyst was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Analysis (SEM-EDX). The transesterification process was optimized using the Taguchi design approach, evaluating the effects of reaction time, temperature, methanol-to-oil ratio, and catalyst concentration. Optimal conditions yielded a remarkable biodiesel yield of 99.8 % at 35°C, 80 min, 2.5 wt% catalyst, and a 12:1 methanol-to-oil ratio. A predicted yield of 98.2 % was obtained at a 9:1 methanol-to-oil ratio, 3.5 wt% catalyst, 80 min, and 35°C. The produced biodiesel met American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards, demonstrating its potential as a sustainable fuel alternative. This approach not only mitigates environmental pollution but also supports the production of sustainable energy. Future research should focus on modifying banana peel catalysts, such as varying calcination temperatures and incorporating different metal oxides, to enhance catalytic activity and stability, further advancing the viability of waste-derived biodiesel production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101197,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry One World","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous flow strategies in organometallic synthesis: A critical review of oxidative insertion, directed metalation, halogen–metal exchange, and transmetalation reactions","authors":"Saroj Kumar Rout ,&nbsp;Jyoti Sarita Mohanty","doi":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Continuous flow chemistry has emerged as a transformative platform in synthetic organic chemistry, offering unparalleled advantages in terms of safety, scalability, reaction control, and sustainability. In recent years, the integration of organometallic transformations into continuous flow systems has advanced significantly, enabling more efficient access to highly reactive intermediates and expanding the scope of synthetic methodologies. This review critically surveys recent developments in the application of continuous flow methodologies to key organometallic transformations, namely: <strong>(i) oxidative insertion</strong>, <strong>(ii) directed metalation</strong>, <strong>(iii) halogen–metal exchange</strong>, and <strong>(iv) transmetalation</strong>. Each transformation is discussed in the context of reactor design, choice of reagents and solvents, thermodynamic and kinetic considerations, and the handling of air- and moisture-sensitive intermediates. Case studies highlight how flow technology enables reactions that are challenging or impractical under batch conditions, including cryogen-free metalations, safe generation and use of highly pyrophoric reagents, and telescoped multistep synthesis involving unstable species. Specific industrial examples underscore the practical relevance of these methodologies: continuous flow lithiation–electrophile trapping protocols have been adopted for the scalable synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates such as fenofibrate and montelukast, while Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling via oxidative insertion has been implemented in flow for kilogram-scale production of drug fragments under cGMP conditions^1a. Special emphasis is placed on the modularity and process intensification achieved through flow chemistry, which facilitates real-time monitoring, rapid optimization, and scale-up potential. The review also outlines challenges and future perspectives in merging continuous flow with organometallic chemistry, such as the development of robust in-line analytics, automation, and the integration of photochemical or electrochemical activation. By providing a comprehensive analysis of current capabilities and innovations, this review underscores the growing importance of continuous flow approaches in advancing the utility, efficiency, and safety of organometallic synthesis for both academic and industrial practitioners. Furthermore, a comparative analysis between batch and flow processes is presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101197,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry One World","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant extracts and green nanocomposites as sustainable corrosion inhibitors: A comprehensive review","authors":"R. Mahesh ,&nbsp;Adinatha Jain ,&nbsp;Y.C. Sunil Kumar ,&nbsp;Anjanapura V. Raghu","doi":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Corrosion, a significant issue affecting infrastructure and industry, incurs substantial costs globally and impacts economic growth. Metal chromates and phosphates are widely used as corrosion inhibitors, but their excessive presence raises environmental concerns. Given the health and ecological risks associated with these chemicals, there is a pressing need to explore safer, more sustainable alternatives. This study explores recent progress in plant-based corrosion inhibitors, emphasizing their effectiveness in safeguarding aluminum, copper, and their alloys. This study investigates the adsorption mechanisms of these natural inhibitors, their production techniques, and their relative performance to conventional and nanocomposite-based inhibitors. Plant-derived compounds rich in bioactive molecules such as polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenoids offer a sustainable and effective approach to corrosion inhibition. The study investigates the combination of plant extracts with nanotechnology to improve their effectiveness. While plant-based nanocomposites demonstrate significant potential for corrosion protection, challenges such as variability in plant material, scalability, and long-term stability remain. These findings underscore the need for continued research and development to optimize green inhibitors and integrate them into sustainable corrosion protection strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101197,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry One World","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles using Parkia biglobosa flower extracts for the removal of malachite green and acid red 88 dyes from aqueous solution","authors":"Segun Michael Abegunde ,&nbsp;Seun Samuel Owoeye ,&nbsp;Yinusa Daniel Lamidi","doi":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the green synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) using <em>Parkia biglobosa</em> flower extract as reducing and stabilizing agent for the adsorption of malachite green (MG) and acid red 88 (AR88) from aqueous solutions. X-ray diffraction revealed the face-centered cubic structure of the particles with an average crystallite size of 17.14 nm. Fourier transform infrared analysis showed characteristic peaks indicating the presence of NiO, along with absorption peaks corresponding to carboxylic, carbonyl, and hydroxyl groups. Scanning electron microscopy revealed an agglomerated surface morphology, while transmission electron microscopy analysis showed an average grain size of 15.25 nm. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis disclosed that nanoparticles exhibited surface area of 88.56 m²/g. UV-Vis spectroscopy showed a broad absorption peak around 313 nm. Batch adsorption studies showed the optimal conditions for the adsorption of AR88 onto the NPs are 1.0 g of NPs, 60 min duration time, pH 3, 5 mg/L of the dye concentration, and 25 °C, while that of MG onto the NPs are 1.0 g of NPs, duration of 60 min, pH 9, 5 mg/L of the dye concentration, and 55 °C. Non-linear adsorption modeling revealed that Freundlich isotherm and general-order kinetic models best fit the adsorption data. Thermodynamic studies revealed that AR88 adsorption was exothermic, driven by physical forces while MG adsorption was endothermic, driven by chemical forces; both processes were spontaneous and feasible. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of green-synthesized NiO NPs in removing toxic dyes from wastewater and highlights their potential as sustainable adsorbents in environmental remediation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101197,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry One World","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium bicarbonate-treated Salago fiber as green and sustainable reinforcement in Epoxy composites","authors":"Frederick Amiel S. Bearneza ,&nbsp;Vincent Ian B. De Vera ,&nbsp;Carlo S. Emolaga ,&nbsp;Jeremiah C. Millare","doi":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural fibers are increasingly recognized as sustainable, renewable, and economically viable alternatives to synthetic reinforcements in composite materials. Their use contributes to reduced environmental impact, supports circular economy principles, and promotes the use of safer materials. Among these, Salago fiber—an underutilized lignocellulosic material with promising tensile properties—offers significant potential but remains underexplored in polymer composite applications. In this study, Salago fiber was treated with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃), a non-toxic and environmentally benign chemical, to enhance its compatibility with an epoxy matrix. The aim was to evaluate the mechanical and thermal performance of the resulting composite while maintaining low environmental and chemical footprints. FTIR analysis confirmed that NaHCO₃ treatment effectively reduced hemicellulose and lignin content, improving fiber–matrix interfacial bonding, as supported by SEM observations. Thermal analysis (TGA) showed improved thermal stability, with a higher degradation temperature in treated composites. The mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, and flexural modulus of the epoxy composites were enhanced by the use of 10 % NaHCO₃-treated Salago fibers. This highlights the potential of Salago fiber as a viable natural reinforcement and positions NaHCO₃ as a safer, less corrosive alternative to conventional NaOH treatments, supporting the development of low-impact, thermally stable natural fiber composites using a sustainable approach in green materials engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101197,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry One World","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145466615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of molecular hydrogen in food, health and agriculture: An updated review","authors":"Patrick Othuke Akpoghelie ,&nbsp;Great Iruoghene Edo ,&nbsp;Ali B.M. Ali ,&nbsp;lzuwa lwanegbe ,&nbsp;Emad Yousif ,&nbsp;Joseph Oghenewogaga Owheruo ,&nbsp;Ephraim Evi Alex Oghroro ,&nbsp;Ufuoma Augustina Igbuku ,&nbsp;Arthur Efeoghene Athan Essaghah ,&nbsp;Jeremiah Oshiomame Unuofin ,&nbsp;Dina S. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Ahmed A. Alamiery ,&nbsp;Dilber Uzun Ozsahin ,&nbsp;Huzaifa Umar","doi":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review presents a framework for the integration of hydrogen (H₂) in food agro-allied systems and health to establish environmental sustainability to boost productivity and rural development. Improvement in health care systems especially in therapies involving hydrogen gas or hydrogen rich water (HRW) are taking centre stage in the health sector with large number of ongoing research in the field. The application of hydrogen in plant yield, detoxification of heavy metals in plants and soils as well as its use in postharvest ripening of crops and senescence is helping local farmers and major stakeholders in the agricultural sector to reduce post-harvest losses and improve their earnings. Reduced microbial spoiling and natural senescence are two advantages of applying H₂ before and after harvest. These factors help to increase the shelf life of fruits, vegetables, cereals, and animal goods. H₂ could be an environmentally friendly substitute for traditional chemical fertilizers in the near future if properly harnessed. Innovative research on more sustainable environmental, social, and technological solutions for food production, distribution, and energy use has been prompted by the global focus on food security in the face of challenges from climate change, population growth, health epidemics, and the overuse of fossil fuel resources. However, they are barriers towards the adoption of hydrogen in energy systems globally. The adoption of a green hydrogen economy as a way to mitigate the climate change problem is gaining attention although it is still a shadow to the African continent under the current geopolitical landscape. The lack of thorough strategic and economic strategies prevents the full realization of hydrogen uses on a wide scale in both industrialized and developing nations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101197,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry One World","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile approach for mitigation of toxicity in CuO nanoparticles using green synthesis and doping strategy: Characterization and toxicity studies","authors":"Aiswarya Devi Sekar ,&nbsp;Sundaramanickam Arumugam ,&nbsp;Matheswaran Manickam","doi":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The recent surge in the use of nanoparticles (NPs) necessitates the development of safe Nano structural designs that are more efficient with reduced toxicity. An eco-friendly green production and doping strategy were adopted to synthesise NPs. In this work we utilised leaf extract of <em>Amaranthus deflexus</em> as reducing and stabilizing agent for production of CuO and Fe-doped CuO NPs. Various analytical techniques, including UV–vis–DRS, photoluminescence, FTIR, XRD, TEM, XPS, and BET, were employed to characterise the biosynthesised NPs. The characterisation results have corroborated the formation of rod-shaped NPs with monoclinic phase structure of CuO and a high degree of crystallinity. The optical band gap value of CuO was blue-shifted from 1.85 to 2.4 eV as the Fe doping concentration was increased. In comparison to CuO, the antioxidant, antibacterial, and photo-catalytic properties of Fe-doped CuO NPs are significantly improved by 10 %. The cyto-toxicity results of Fe-doped CuO NPs were less severe than those of CuO NPs. Fe-doped CuO NPs exhibited 78 % cell vitality at a concentration of 200 µgmL⁻¹, while CuO cell viability further decreased to 58.7 %. The results mentioned above validate that Fe-doped CuO NPs possess superior antibacterial and cyto-compatibility properties in comparison to CuO NPs. Therefore, CuO NPs enriched with Fe are potentially safe for use in a variety of biomedical and environmental applications.</div></div><div><h3>Synopsis</h3><div>Strategy of synthesizing safer and proficient Fe-doped CuO NPs using <em>Amaranthus deflexus</em> leaf extract for biomedical and environmental applications</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101197,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry One World","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}