Smart Materials in Manufacturing最新文献

{"title":"Feasibility, challenges and future prospects of biodegradable zinc alloys as orthopedic internal fixation implants","authors":"Kai Chen ,&nbsp;Xuenan Gu ,&nbsp;Yufeng Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.smmf.2023.100042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smmf.2023.100042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Compared to biodegradable Mg-based and Fe-based alloys, Zn-based alloys offer distinct advantages as orthopedic internal fixation implants due to their tunable mechanical strength, moderate corrosion rate, pleasant cytocompatibility, dose-dependent osteoinductivity, intrinsic bacteriostatic activity. Therefore, recent attention has been paid on the design, fabrication, and clinical translation of Zn-based alloys. The purpose of this research was to briefly discuss the feasibility, challenges, and future prospects of utilizing biodegradable Zn-based alloys as orthopedic internal fixation implants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101164,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials in Manufacturing","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772810223000314/pdfft?md5=833b74aa6f0da8c6a4ee6632691eb827&pid=1-s2.0-S2772810223000314-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92026702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing corrosion and wear resistance of Nickel–aluminum bronze through laser-cladded amorphous-crystalline composite coating","authors":"Hongtao Liu ,&nbsp;Qingqing Zhao ,&nbsp;Yilong Dai ,&nbsp;Bo Deng ,&nbsp;Jianguo Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, laser-cladding technology was used to create Cu-based amorphous–crystalline composite coatings on the surface of Nickel-aluminum bronze (NAB), and the microstructure, mechanical properties, corrosion and wear resistance of the coatings were systematically investigated. The coatings consisted of a combination of amorphous and intermetallic compounds, with a positive correlation observed between the amorphous content and the laser scanning speed. Microstructural observations confirmed excellent metallurgical bonding between the coatings and substrate without any noticeable defects. Furthermore, electron back-scatter diffraction testing demonstrated a gradient structure from the substrate to the coating, confirming its composition as an amorphous–crystalline composite. At a laser scanning speed of 20 mm/s, the volume fraction of the amorphous phase of the coating reached 68.8%, with a microhardness approximately 4.5 times higher than that of the substrate and an average friction coefficient half that of the substrate. Moreover, the coatings showed a shift in corrosion potential by 149 mV with nearly an order-of-magnitude decrease in corrosion current density.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101164,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials in Manufacturing","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772810224000035/pdfft?md5=49386698265965502fb26d402470fb55&pid=1-s2.0-S2772810224000035-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139715035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and advancements in Elastomer/CNT nanocomposites with mechanochemical treatment, reinforcement mechanisms and applications","authors":"Philip Clinton Offei Adu ,&nbsp;Mathias Aakyiir ,&nbsp;Xiao Su ,&nbsp;Joherul Alam ,&nbsp;Linh Chi Tran ,&nbsp;Jiabin Dai ,&nbsp;Qingshi Meng ,&nbsp;Hsu-Chiang Kuan ,&nbsp;Jun Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Elastomer/carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposites play a pivotal role in the evolution of flexible electronics, aerospace and automotive components, biomedical devices and smart materials. This article explores recent advancements and challenges in elastomer/CNT nanocomposites, with a focus on the role of mechanochemical treatment in dispersing multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs) and single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs). The review starts with a brief overview of the structure, synthesis and purification methods of CNTs, providing essential background for new researchers to the field. The paper explores various nanocomposite preparation methods, including solution mixing, melt compounding, <em>in situ</em>-polymerisation and latex compounding, highlighting their impact on the dispersion of CNTs in elastomers as well as the limitations. Special attention is given to mechanochemistry, particularly ball milling, as a key technique for enhancing the dispersion of CNTs within the elastomer matrix. The relevant reinforcement mechanisms are also discussed, focusing on the role of the Halpin-Tsai and Einstein-Smallwood-Guth models, as well as the Payne and Mullins effects. Key application areas are discussed, demonstrating the versatility and significance of elastomer nanocomposites. This review identifies critical challenges in the field, including the need for uniform dispersion of CNTs within the elastomer matrix, improvement of interfacial bonding between the CNTs and the elastomer, and the necessity to balance these technological advancements with cost-effectiveness and sustainability considerations. It highlights the need for continued research and development to fully harness the potential of these materials. Conclusively, elastomer/CNT nanocomposites are poised to shape future technological advancements while facing critical challenges that necessitate innovative solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101164,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials in Manufacturing","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100053"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772810224000102/pdfft?md5=568f31e06255a021c8d917a3fe6ea8a9&pid=1-s2.0-S2772810224000102-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141078483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of calcium carbonate coating on magnesium-neodymium alloy for mitigation of corrosion in simulated concrete pore solution","authors":"Changyang Liu,&nbsp;Jinghong Wang,&nbsp;Yujie Yang,&nbsp;Xinran Yao,&nbsp;Jiapeng Sun,&nbsp;Guosong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.smmf.2023.100039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smmf.2023.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coating is frequently regarded as one of the most important ways to improve the corrosion behavior of magnesium alloys, and this study proposes a simple strategy for corrosion protection of Mg alloys by chemical solution deposition. A magnesium-neodymium (Mg-Nd) alloy is treated in an aqueous solution prepared with sodium bicarbonate and calcium chloride. After being soaked at 50 °C for 4 h, a layer of uniform calcium carbonate coating with a thickness of about 20 μm has been successfully deposited on the Mg-Nd alloy. Both the electrochemical test and immersion test confirm that this coating significantly improves the corrosion resistance of the Mg-Nd alloy in simulated concrete pore solution containing Cl⁻. The wetting behavior of the coated sample can be further changed by chemical surface modification with perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (PFDS), which is confirmed by contact angle test, sliding angle test and self-cleaning test. The hydrophobic nature of the modified surface is thought to be responsible for the self-cleaning ability. In summary, it implies that the Mg alloy with a protective calcium carbonate coating has the potential to be used as a type of new civil and building material for lightweight construction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101164,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials in Manufacturing","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50200052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiar microstructural evolution and hardness variation depending on laser powder bed fusion-manufacturing condition in Ti–6Al–2Sn–4Zr–6Mo","authors":"Prince Valentine Cobbinah ,&nbsp;Sae Matsunaga ,&nbsp;Yoshiaki Toda ,&nbsp;Ryosuke Ozasa ,&nbsp;Masayuki Okugawa ,&nbsp;Takuya Ishimoto ,&nbsp;Yuheng Liu ,&nbsp;Yuichiro Koizumi ,&nbsp;Pan Wang ,&nbsp;Takayoshi Nakano ,&nbsp;Yoko Yamabe-Mitarai","doi":"10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to comprehensively analyze the phase and microstructure evolution and related hardness variations of the Ti–6Al–2Sn–4Zr–6Mo wt.% (Ti6246) alloy produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) under various laser conditions and to gain insight into the mechanisms of these changes using numerical thermal analysis. Higher laser volumetric densities (VEDs) resulted in a finer α/α' microstructure and increased hardness, exhibiting a positive correlation with the VED, except under extremely high conditions. This contrary trend, reported for the first time, is attributed to the solid-phase transformation from the β phase to metastable α' martensite during LPBF induced by rapid cooling. Despite the finer microstructure, the samples under very high VED conditions showed lower hardness, deviating from the overall trend. The X-ray diffraction peaks in the high-VED samples suggested a partial decomposition of α' to α + β owing to laser-induced reheating of the underlying layers, which is considered a contributing factor to the hardness reduction. The numerical analysis showed that the underlying layer was exposed to high temperatures for a relatively long time under high-VED conditions. It was revealed that the hardness of LPBF-fabricated Ti6246 was influenced by unique thermal processes: rapid cooling and reheating of the pre-solidified part, leading to the formation of a metastable α' phase and partial decomposition into α + β. These findings provide insights for tailoring Ti6246 with desired physical properties via LPBF.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101164,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials in Manufacturing","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100050"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772810224000072/pdfft?md5=631952450d70320010648aa2a599d102&pid=1-s2.0-S2772810224000072-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140296015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized structure design of asymmetrical Mg alloy cerebrovascular stent with high flexibility","authors":"Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Chao Yan ,&nbsp;Di Mei ,&nbsp;Yafei Li ,&nbsp;Kun Sheng ,&nbsp;Jun Wang ,&nbsp;Liguo Wang ,&nbsp;Shijie Zhu ,&nbsp;Shaokang Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.smmf.2023.100040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smmf.2023.100040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the treatment of cerebral artery stenosis via stent intervention, it is required that the stent can pass through the tortuous blood vessel with high curvature to reach the lesion position smoothly, and the damage to the artery should be as small as possible. This determines that the coronary artery stent cannot be directly applied to the diseased cerebrovascular, but a specialized cerebrovascular stent with high flexibility should be specifically designed. Differing from the commonly employed symmetrical structure, in this work, an asymmetrical and unequal-heigh stent structure was designed, which helps to improve the flexibility of the stent and reduces the self-contact phenomenon that occurs after the ordinary stent is bent. To balance the comprehensive properties of the stent, multi-objective optimization on the stent structure was carried out. The optimized stent structure shows better radial strength and flexibility and does not significantly affect equivalent plastic strain after stent expansion and volume average stress. In addition, this work provides a universal workflow for the customized stent structure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101164,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials in Manufacturing","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50200050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloys: Current status and challenges","authors":"Mehmet Cagirici ,&nbsp;Sheng Guo ,&nbsp;Jun Ding ,&nbsp;Upadrasta Ramamurty ,&nbsp;Pan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Additive manufacturing (AM) of alloys has garnered substantial scientific and technological interest due to its applications in the manufacturing of structural components. High entropy alloys (HEAs) represent a novel class of structural materials that have received significant attention in the past two decades. AM methods such as laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) offer the capability to tailor the microstructures of alloys, facilitating the production of HEAs with tailored properties. The rapid advancements in this field necessitate an updated and comprehensive review on the design and production of HEAs specific to additive manufacturing. This review summarizes the relationships among processing parameters, microstructure, and resultant properties in AM-produced HEAs. Special attention is given to AM techniques, including powder bed fusion, directed energy deposition, and binder jet printing. This review extensively examines the effects of feedstock quality and processing parameters on the formation of metallurgical defects, as-built microstructure, mechanical behavior, and corrosion resistance of single-phase HEAs, multi-phase HEAs, and HEA matrix composites. Additionally, the applications of AM-produced HEAs, the challenges associated with their production via AM techniques, and future perspectives identified through a thorough literature survey are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101164,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials in Manufacturing","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100058"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermally-activated locomotion of a bilayer polymer actuator","authors":"A.N. Fedoryak ,&nbsp;T.P. Doroshenko ,&nbsp;O.G. Golenkov ,&nbsp;M. Kratzer ,&nbsp;M. Huszar ,&nbsp;K. Plevova ,&nbsp;L. Haiden ,&nbsp;C. Teichert ,&nbsp;O.P. Dimitriev","doi":"10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of smart actuators based on renewable or biocompatible materials, which are able for delivery of specific cargo is of great importance in robotics, medical and material science engineering, food industry, etc. Here, we report the original design of a bilayer polymer actuator consisting of two polymer materials with an interface adhesive layer between them, able for macroscopic locomotion step by step on a special ratchet substrate through repetitive bending and straightening. This was triggered by heat alternation due to incandescent lamp radiation on/off switching, with a rapid reaction time of the actuator to heat exposure of the order of few seconds. Specifically, a relatively fast locomotion of the actuator was achieved due to the large amplitude of its reversible bending deformation of up to ∼40% measured in terms of the actuator's elevation-to-length ratio. As a result, a typical actuator demonstrated the locomotion velocity of about 3 cm/min, where each cycle of contraction/expansion yielded a walking step of ∼1 cm for about 20 s. It was demonstrated that the actuator, while moving, is able to carry a cargo almost twice heavier than the mass of the carrier itself. Based on optical microscopy and atomic force - infrared spectroscopy data it was concluded that the adhesive interface layer plays an important role in the stable operation of the actuator as it retards linear expansion of the rear polymer layer and thus assists conversion of different linear expansion of the adjacent layers into their effective bending.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101164,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials in Manufacturing","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100047"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772810224000047/pdfft?md5=8dc67ad629cdd1016db06a93919e79f6&pid=1-s2.0-S2772810224000047-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139942612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural, electronic, and mechanical properties of Mg–Dy intermetallic phases studied by first-principles calculations","authors":"Mengqin He ,&nbsp;Yuting Yang ,&nbsp;Qian Ma ,&nbsp;Yuquan Cheng ,&nbsp;Mengting Zhou ,&nbsp;Yunfei Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rare earth elements such as Dy, Gd and Y have been utilized in the fabrication of binary Mg alloys due to their beneficial effects on the formation of oxidation layers on the surface and intermetallics in the Mg matrix. These effects have been shown to enhance the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the alloys. Therefore, the study of Mg–Dy intermetallic phases is regarded as significantly important. These phases are considered to hold great potential effects on the properties of Mg–Dy alloys for various applications, thereby making their investigation essential in the academic and scientific domains. In this study, the energy, density of states, optical properties and elastic properties of the Mg₁Dy₁, Mg₂Dy, Mg₃Dy, and Mg₂₄Dy₅ intermetallic phases were calculated using first principles calculations. Based on the calculated formation enthalpy (derived from the energy) and density of states, it is suggested that the Mg₁Dy₁ phase exhibits greater stability compared to the other three Mg–Dy intermetallic phases. The calculated formation enthalpy results indicate that all four Mg–Dy phases are stable, while the band structure and density of states plots show metallic characteristics for these phases. The optical properties of the intermetallic phases were investigated, and the static dielectric constants for Mg₁Dy₁, Mg₂Dy, Mg₃Dy, and Mg₂₄Dy₅ were calculated to be 266.47 eV, 285.80 eV, 257.75 eV, and 373.98 eV, respectively. In addition, concerning the study of absorption spectra, the maximum values of the absorption coefficients for all four intermetallic phases occur within the energy range of 40–65 eV for incident light. Born-Huang's mechanical stability theory was employed to calculate the elastic constants of each Mg–Dy phase, and the bulk modulus (<em>B</em>), shear modulus (<em>G</em>), Young's modulus (<em>E</em>), Poisson's ratio (<em>υ</em>), and theoretical hardness (<em>H</em>_<em>V</em>) were derived. The results of the elastic modulus calculations indicate that the <em>B</em>, <em>G</em>, <em>E, υ</em>, <em>H</em>_<em>V</em> of the Mg₁Dy₁ phase are higher than those of the other Mg–Dy intermetallic phases. The Poisson's ratio (<em>υ</em>) and the ratio of bulk modulus to shear modulus (<em>B</em>/<em>G</em>) indicate that the Mg₂₄Dy₅ phase is ductile, while the other three phases are brittle. Finally, the universal anisotropy (<em>A</em>^<em>U</em>) is ranked as Mg₃Dy &gt; Mg₁Dy₁ &gt; Mg₂₄Dy₅ &gt; Mg₂Dy, with the Mg₃Dy phase exhibiting the most pronounced elastic anisotropy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101164,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials in Manufacturing","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100055"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772810224000126/pdfft?md5=be78c6d88c5af4293c9d1f69dffc24dc&pid=1-s2.0-S2772810224000126-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141438987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broadening the microstructure regime of Al2O3–ZrO2 hypereutectic ceramic fabricated via laser powder bed fusion","authors":"Kai Zhang ,&nbsp;Shurui Li ,&nbsp;Tingting Liu ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Xiong ,&nbsp;Zhiguang Zhu ,&nbsp;Yang Zhang ,&nbsp;Abid Ullah ,&nbsp;Wenhe Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The microstructure and mechanical property regime of laser powder bed fusion fabricated Al₂O₃–ZrO₂ hypereutectic ceramic samples were thoroughly investigated by tailoring the printing parameters. The findings indicate that both the hypereutectic and eutectic microstructure are obtained depending on the varying printing parameters. The ZrO₂ dendrites in the hypereutectic structure gradually refine as the laser energy density increases, while the surrounding eutectic structure evolves continuously. The uniform eutectic microstructure is developed until the dendrites disappear. Simultaneously, it is observed that coarse Al₂O₃ particles were formed in the overlap part of the eutectic structure where the laser energy is higher. In terms of mechanical properties, the samples with alumina particles in the eutectic microstructure have a maximum hardness of 1616.13 HV, while the sample with uniform eutectic microstructure has the highest fracture toughness of 5.87 MPa⋅m^1/2. These findings can contribute to the introduction of a unique microstructure in Al₂O₃–ZrO₂ ceramic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101164,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials in Manufacturing","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100048"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772810224000059/pdfft?md5=a9d93b00a7fc645b9bdff494b53ed248&pid=1-s2.0-S2772810224000059-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139992643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}