Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition)最新文献

{"title":"Primary membranous nephropathy in Latin America: A multicentre study","authors":"José Lucas Daza ,&nbsp;María Victoria Cabrera ,&nbsp;Marcelo de Rosa ,&nbsp;Ignacio Roca ,&nbsp;Veronica Remache ,&nbsp;Juan Sebastián Reyes Bello","doi":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) poses a therapeutic challenge, necessitating effective treatment approaches. This study aims to assess the response of PMN patients to three treatment strategies: traditional Ponticelli scheme, monthly intravenous cyclophosphamide, and calcineurin inhibitors over a 6–12-month follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study evaluates primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) patients diagnosed by renal biopsy, examining their response to three treatment schemes over a 6–12-month follow-up: traditional Ponticelli scheme, monthly intravenous cyclophosphamide, and calcineurin inhibitors.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A multicentre retrospective analysis in three Latin American countries (Argentina, Colombia, Bolivia) encompassing 110 PMN patients diagnosed by renal biopsy over 5 years. Excluding 29 with incomplete records or a 12-month follow-up, patients were grouped by treatment: Ponticelli, intravenous cyclophosphamide, and calcineurin inhibitors. Clinical, histological, and laboratory features were compared for complete remission at one year according to KDIGO 2020 guidelines. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. A comparative analysis of remission rates and adverse effects between the oral cyclophosphamide regimen versus calcineurin inhibitors was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Male sex showed the highest prevalence at 60.5%, with an average age of 50.3<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->14, mainly in stage II (53.1%), and risk distribution (46.9% moderate, 53.1% high). CP IV showed higher haematuria, older age, and lower albuminaemia. While CP IV showed a trend toward higher complete remission (83%) at 12 months compared to CP PO (52%) and CNI (79%), statistical significance (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->.08) was not reached. Complications were significantly lower with CP IV (6.7%) and CNI (4.2%) than with CP PO (41%) with an OR 9.62 and a <em>p</em>-value of .006. These findings underscore the nuanced relationship between treatment modalities, remission rates, and complications in primary membranous nephropathy patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The traditional Ponticelli scheme did not significantly differ from intravenous cyclophosphamide and calcineurin inhibitors in achieving complete remission at 6 and 12 months. However, the Ponticelli group exhibited higher cumulative cyclophosphamide doses and more infectious complications compared to other subgroups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101099,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition)","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 190-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and rheumatic diseases in a Colombian misak indigenous community: a cross-sectional study using COPCORD methodology","authors":"Ana Ospina-Caicedo ,&nbsp;Alex Imbachí-Salamanca ,&nbsp;Ingris Peláez-Ballestas ,&nbsp;María V. Torres-Andrade ,&nbsp;Edgar A. Castro-Franco ,&nbsp;Jaime Coral-Enríquez ,&nbsp;Diana Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Jorge Izquierdo-Loaiza","doi":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Rheumatic diseases are a frequent cause of disability, deterioration in quality of life, and high health costs. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of rheumatic diseases using COPCORD methodology in the Indigenous Misak people of the Guambia - Cauca reservation, over 18 years of age.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out using systematic random sampling, in 3 stages: (1) selection of participants house by house following the main rural road of each village of the Guambia reservation. (2) Application of the COPCORD questionnaire, Spanish version or version adapted and validated to Wam, Misak language), by standardized bilingual interviewers. (3) Confirmation of the diagnosis was made by rheumatologists with access to all the information. Descriptive statistics were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of a total of 624 people surveyed, 67% were women, the average age was 44 years, 49.2% had basic primary education, and 79.4% spoke Spanish. Pain in the last 7 days and/or history was reported in 366 respondents (58.6%). One hundred and ninety-two patients received medical evaluation, of which 27 (4.33%) had a diagnosis of rheumatic disease and particularly 21 (3.36%) of rheumatoid arthritis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The prevalence of rheumatic diseases was lower than reported, however the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (3.36%) was higher than that reported in the rest of the country and in other Indigenous communities in Latin America. Rheumatic diseases represent a public health problem and specific information on Indigenous groups is necessary for the design of specific interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101099,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition)","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 198-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological data and burden of osteoporosis and fragility fractures in Latin America: Changes over a decade","authors":"Adriana Medina ,&nbsp;Claudia Campusano ,&nbsp;Sonia Cerdas-Pérez ,&nbsp;Monica Calo ,&nbsp;Sofia Wullich ,&nbsp;Bruno Muzzi-Camargos ,&nbsp;Patricia Clark","doi":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>After a decade since AUDIT LATAM 2012, an executive committee of the International Osteoporosis Foundation of Latin America (LATAM-IOF) updated the data on the epidemiological burden of osteoporosis and fragility fractures in Latin America to generate greater awareness about osteoporosis and prevent fragility fractures.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe the burden of osteoporosis and fragility fractures, their management and treatment, and the availability of health resources in Latin America over a 10-year period.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A two-phase study was designed. Phase 1 collected demographic data from 2015 to 2019, described the current infrastructure for Healthcare Systems osteoporosis related as well as the related health care policies on osteoporosis. We assessed the availability of diagnosis tools and pharmacological treatment. Phase 2 focused on the incidence of major fragility fractures in men and women aged 50 and over, as well as the costs of these fractures when available.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nineteen countries completed phase 1. More than 40% of the population is over 50 years-old and life expectancy is on average 75.8 years. The availability of densitometry (DXA) is 0.68 per 100,000 inhabitants. Seven countries have FRAX® calibrated with their own epidemiological data. Bisphosphonates are the primary treatment option for osteoporosis. A larger number of countries have conducted calcium and vitamin D intake surveys. There are 68 active medical and/or patient societies involved in activities related with osteoporosis. Phase 2 included fewer countries, representing a significant gap in osteoporosis information in the region. Our rates of hip fractures are intermediate ranging between 108 and 276.2 per 100,000 inhabitants being the highest in Colombia and the lowest in Mexico. The costs of hip fracture range from USD 4959 to USD 8261.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Regional data from Latin America revealed that healthcare assistance and global awareness has improved in comparison to the 2012 figures. The hip fracture rates in Latin America remains at intermediate levels compared to other regions. There is a scarcity of cost studies, however, high costs of osteoporotic fractures were confirmed to have a negative impact on healthcare systems of the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101099,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition)","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 247-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of clinical, scintigraphic, and histopathological features in patients with patients with a presumptive diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome","authors":"Lina María Franco González ,&nbsp;Leonor Victoria González Pérez ,&nbsp;Mónica Vanessa Posso Zapata ,&nbsp;Vanessa Andrea Flórez Arango","doi":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Sicca syndrome is characterized by the presence of dry eye (xerophthalmia - keratoconjunctivitis sicca), dry mouth (xerostomia), and dry skin (xeroderma), this triad may be related to Sjögren’s syndrome.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To associate the clinical, scintigraphic, and histopathological characteristics of patients with xerostomia and diagnosis of SS and presumptive diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome in Medellín-Colombia, 2018–2020.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The study was a quantitative approach, with cross-sectional analysis. The participants were grouped into two groups: diagnosis of Sicca syndrome and presumptive diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome, and a survey of sociodemographic data was applied. For each group, salivary flow measurements, Schirmer’s test, salivary gland scintigraphic study, and histological evaluation were performed. Statistical analysis was performed using measures of central tendency (median) and dispersion (interquartile range), Fisher’s exact test, and the Wilcoxon test (U Man-Whitney).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The total sample studied consisted of 24 women, whose most frequent systemic clinical symptom was joint pain in Sicca syndrome (90%), and in the group of presumptive diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome (92.9%), while the most frequent sign was tongue depapillation in Sicca syndrome (100%) and in the group of presumptive diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome (92.9%). Functional tests, unstimulated salivary flow rate, and salivary gland scintigraphy showed greater involvement in the group of presumptive diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome. Histopathological analysis showed atrophic changes, fibrosis, and fatty changes in both categories.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings suggest that patients with a presumptive diagnosis of Sicca syndrome may be in an early phase of Sjögren's syndrome progression, so this study aims to establish an association of signs, symptoms, and diagnostic aids to define an accurate diagnosis and therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101099,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition)","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 236-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of radiofrequency echographic multi spectrometry in the diagnosis of osteoporosis","authors":"Juan Felipe Betancur ,&nbsp;Luz Eugenia Pérez ,&nbsp;Verónica Bernal González ,&nbsp;José Fernando Molina Restrepo","doi":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and a disruption of bone microarchitecture, leading to an increased fracture risk. Traditionally, BMD has been measured using X-ray densitometry (DXA). However, Radiofrequency Echographic Multi Spectometry (REMS) has emerged as a promising technique for the assessment of osteoporosis. Various studies have evaluated the feasibility and precision of REMS, showing significant correlations with DXA in different anatomical sites and populations, including post-menopausal women, renal transplant patients, and those with rheumatoid arthritis, among others. REMS has also demonstrated the ability to detect bone artifacts and provide reliable measurements in their presence. While DXA remains the gold standard for diagnosing osteoporosis, REMS has proven to be an effective and promising tool in assessing BMD and fracture risk. Its capability to rule out artifacts and offer precise measurements in diverse populations highlights its potential as a complement or alternative in the evaluation of osteoporosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101099,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition)","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 255-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective study on the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided interdigital injection of botulinum toxin for the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon","authors":"Ángel Estuardo Plasencia Ezaine ,&nbsp;Marco Aurelio Ramírez Huaranga ,&nbsp;Rocío Arenal López ,&nbsp;David Castro Corredor ,&nbsp;Verónica Salas Manzanedo ,&nbsp;María Dolores Mínguez Sánchez ,&nbsp;Elisa Sánchez Rodríguez","doi":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) is a vasospastic condition that carries a significant burden of pain and disability. When conventional therapies are not sufficiently effective, the need arises to explore other therapeutic alternatives such as interdigital botulinum toxin (BT) injection.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine clinical improvement in patients with RP (number of daily episodes, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) during episodes, duration of episodes, and Raynaud Condition Score).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Observational, descriptive, retrospective study of patients with RP who received ultrasound-guided interdigital injection of type A BT. Data from post-procedure controls (months 1, 3, and 6) were obtained, and analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test through the StatPlus programme.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study was conducted on 8 patients (100% female) with a mean age of 48.5 years, all of whom had RP secondary to a systemic disease (87.5% systemic sclerosis). Significant differences were observed (median and interquartile range) in the number of RP episodes in the first month (<em>P</em>: .043). The pain VAS for each episode decreased in the first month (<em>P</em>: .027) and in the third month (<em>P</em>: .043). Differences were found in the Raynaud condition score in the first month (<em>P</em>: .027) and the third month (<em>P</em>: .043).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Ultrasound-guided interdigital injection of type A BT could be an adjuvant treatment for patients with RP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101099,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition)","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 183-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eosinophilic fasciitis associated with IgG4-related disease","authors":"Jesica Gallo ,&nbsp;Alejandro Varizat ,&nbsp;Sergio Paira","doi":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.06.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 52-year-old male presented with pain and induration of the skin and muscles. Physical examination revealed swelling and induration of the skin and muscles of the arms, forearms, hands, thorax, abdomen, and legs, accompanied by the characteristic orange peel appearance. In addition to bilateral hearing impairment, there was enlargement of both lacrimal glands. Laboratory results revealed hyper-eosinophilia, elevated C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hypocomplementaemia, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia, elevated IgE, IgG, and increased IgG1 and IgG4. MRI of the lower limbs reported enhanced contrast in the muscles of both thighs with thickening of the semimembranosus vastus lateralis fascia and arms. A skin and fascia biopsy indicated lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, eosinophils, and non-storiform fibrosis. Immunohistochemistry showed IgG4 positivity in less than 10%, with an IgG4/lgG range of less than 40%. The patient meets the criteria for eosinophilic fasciitis and ACR/EULAR criteria for IgG4-RD. For this reason, we would like to report the first case found of eosinophilic fasciitis associated with IgG4-RD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101099,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition)","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 294-297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nailfold capillaroscopy. Where are we going?","authors":"Luis Fernando Medina Quintero","doi":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101099,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition)","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 181-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of comorbidities and use of medication in psoriatic arthritis patients: findings from a Mexican cohort","authors":"David Vega-Morales ,&nbsp;Alejandro Garza-Alpirez ,&nbsp;María Fernanda Martínez-Guerra ,&nbsp;Alondra Elizabeth Montoya-Montes","doi":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Comorbidities contribute to the development of PsA and worsen disease severity. The aim of the study is to describe the clinical characteristics of Mexican PsA patients focusing on comorbidities and medications. The primary objective of our study was to investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with Psoriatic Arthritis (APs) who were undergoing treatment with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional observational study in a secondary care clinic in northern Mexico.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the total sample, 38/66 (57.5%) were women, with a mean age of 47.8 (SD 11.5) years, a mean weight of 83.8 (SD 19) kg, and BMI of 31.5 (SD 6.5) kg/m2. Smoking and alcoholism were reported in 10/66 (15.1%) and 2 (3%) of patients, respectively.</div><div>Obesity occurred in 41 (62.1%) patients, followed by diabetes mellitus in 23 (34.8%) patients, and systemic arterial hypertension in 19 (28.7%) patients. Ischaemic heart disease, heart failure, and cancer were not present in any of the patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>0ur study revealed a higher prevalence of chronic metabolic diseases among patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) compared to other cohorts without inflammatory arthropathy and the Mexican population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101099,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition)","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 216-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From immunosuppression to autoimmunity: PR3 ANCA-associated vasculitis in a patient immunosuppressed for hepatic transplant. A case report","authors":"Oscar Vicente Vergara Serpa ,&nbsp;Carlos Jaime Velásquez ,&nbsp;Luis Fernando Pinto ,&nbsp;Neil Smith Pertuz Charris ,&nbsp;Andrés Felipe Echeverri García ,&nbsp;Alejandro Cardona Palacio ,&nbsp;Javier Darío Márquez Hernández","doi":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcreue.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To present the case of an immunosuppressed patient who developed an autoimmune disease.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>30-year-old woman, immunosuppressed, due to a history of orthotopic liver transplant, who developed intestinal infection by Cytomegalovirus and alveolar haemorrhage.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patient presented a positive serological finding for PR3 ANCA, classified as granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Due to her history, induction, and maintenance with an anti-CD20 were considered, with no further relapse over 6-month follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Immunosuppressed patients have risk factors for developing autoimmune diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101099,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition)","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 286-293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}