Results in Materials最新文献

{"title":"Hot deformation behaviour, constitutive equations and processing map of Cu-Zn-Al-Ni shape memory alloy","authors":"Kenneth Kanayo Alaneme ,&nbsp;Sodiq Abiodun Kareem ,&nbsp;Justus Uchenna Anaele ,&nbsp;Michael Oluwatosin Bodunrin","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hot workability and deformation behaviour of Cu-Zn-Al-Ni based shape memory alloy (SMA) was investigated. The alloy was isothermal compression tested at temperatures of 250–550 <span><math><mrow><mo>°C</mo></mrow></math></span>, strain rates of 0.1–5 s⁻¹, and a constant total strain of 0.5, using a thermomechanical Gleeble-3500 simulator. The results show that positive strain rate sensitivity characterized the plastic flow behaviour of the SMA. The hyperbolic-sine constitutive equation - determined activation energy for the hot deformation of Cu-Zn-Al-Ni SMA (154.34 kJ/mol) is about 24 % lower than the activation energy for self-diffusion of copper, and that of the stress exponent value (n) which was less than 5, both point to dynamic recrystallization to be the dominant dynamic softening mechanism. Furthermore, the processing map indicated that flow instability occurs in the low temperature and strain rate regions (250 - 350 <span><math><mrow><mo>°C</mo></mrow></math></span>, 0.1 – 5s⁻¹) with characteristic shear bands, dendritic structures, and micro-cracks in their microstructure. The temperature of 550 <span><math><mrow><mo>°C</mo></mrow></math></span> and strain rates of between 0.1 and 2.5 s⁻¹, was established to be the optimal condition for hot deformation of the alloy. These conditions result in stable flow with microstructures consisting of fine dynamically recrystallized grains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100663"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of bitumen emulsion (POLYCOAT) on the mechanical properties of cement mortar","authors":"Wasan Mahdi Mahmood,&nbsp;Dhifaf Natiq Hamdullah,&nbsp;Sara Ali Almawla,&nbsp;Abdulkader Ismail Al-Hadithi","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper aims to study the effect of partial replacement of cement with bitumen emulsion (BE) commercially known as POLYCOAT on the mechanical properties and microstructure of cement mortar. For compressive strength, a decrease of 20 % was observed at 2.5 %, 5 % and 7.5 % replacement, while it decreased by 30 % at 10 %. This is due to the cement absorbing water from the bitumen, and forming a bituminous layer that reduces the compressive strength. As for tensile strength, it increased by 19 % at 7.5 % replacement by weight of cement, which reduces porosity and improves internal density, but when the percentage increases further, the tensile strength decreases. This was proven by studying the porosity using Image J software, which showed a slight increase in porosity with BE. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses showed that the addition of BE did not change the chemical composition of the hydration products. These results confirm that the main effect of adding bitumen is a physical effect that enhances the properties of the material by modifying the microstructure and increasing the density of the bonds without forming new compounds. The results of this study showed that it is possible to use cement-bitumen mortar as a cushion layer that reduces noise and vibration in concrete structures. This may open the way to study the properties of this material and the possibility of using it as inhibitors in the field of railways and bridges, which means the need for more studies and laboratory tests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100658"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidelines and solutions for using natural fiber in footbridge construction: Addressing challenges and ensuring long-term performance","authors":"Ali Shahmirzaloo,&nbsp;Marco Manconi,&nbsp;Rijk Blok,&nbsp;Patrick Teuffel,&nbsp;Faas Moonen","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lack of guidelines and building codes for design and validation, uncertainty in static and dynamic performance after production, and unknown long-term performance, make the building application process of natural fiber-reinforced composites challenging. This paper addresses these challenges comprehensively by outlining essential procedures required for building application and offering effective solutions. For the design phase, a new approach is proposed based on material properties and the underlying elastic strain limit. The mechanical model is manufactured and tested to validate design assumptions. Consequently, the 15m span novel footbridge made of flax fibers and a partial bio-based resin was produced. Following the bridge's production, a load test was conducted to assess its static performance. Strain and deflection values obtained from FBG and LVDT sensors, respectively, were measured and compared with FEA. Modal analysis was performed to obtain natural frequencies. Bridge management was developed to guarantee safety during the long-term service of the footbridge by determining strain thresholds with a new approach based on first loading outputs and damage evaluation for this material. The paper offers guidelines for material selection, design, production quality, static and dynamic performance evaluation, and bridge management, providing a holistic framework for the successful application of NF in footbridge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100656"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast carbidization of silicon in additive manufactured Si-C-SiC composite","authors":"Tsovinar Ghaltaghchyan ,&nbsp;Khachik Nazaretyan ,&nbsp;Viktorya Rstakyan ,&nbsp;Marina Aghayan","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silicon carbide-based composites are advantageous material for electronic industry. Their application is limited by the difficulty to fabricate complex structural parts. This research used powder bed additive manufacturing technology, particularly selective laser melting, to manufacture silicon carbide-based composite. However, during the laser sintering silicon carbide decomposed to silicon and carbon. Further carbidization of free silicon faces the challenge of silicon carbide (SiC) formation, which can prevent further reaction between the reacting elements.</div><div>To enhance the carbidization process we heated the samples with ultra-high heating rates (2000 °C/min) employing High-Speed Temperature Scanning (HSTS) technique using direct electrical current to heat the sample. Formation of silicon carbide takes place, achieving higher density of the samples. We have compared the results with the samples heated at relatively lower heating rates (100 °C/min). The mechanism of interaction was explained.</div><div>The heating rate has critical effect on silicon carbide formation, impacting the atomic diffusion rate between silicon and carbon, final microstructure and density of the samples. The silicon carbidization process can be achieved by direct heating the samples at ultra-high heating rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100653"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the best hatch distances for selective laser melted SiC/Ti6Al4V(ELI) composites of different volume fractions of SiC","authors":"Masenate Thamae ,&nbsp;Maina Maringa ,&nbsp;Willie Bouwer du Preez","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The goal of this research was to determine the best hatch distances for different SiC volume fractions of selective laser sintered SiC/Ti6Al4V(ELI) composites. The constituents of this composite have different thermal physical properties, which give rise to different melt characteristics of different SiC volume fractions. Non-overlapped tracks lead to debonding of the layers and the production of pores, which degrade the mechanical qualities of the final additively manufactured parts, whereas high overlap rates lead to inefficient use of material and long build times of parts. As a result, different hatch distances should be explored to determine the best overlap rate for each SiC volume fraction. To print single layers in the present work, different laser powers ranging from 100 <em>W</em> to 350 <em>W</em> and scanning speeds ranging from 0.3 m/s to 2.7 m/s were used. The single layers for each SiC volume fraction were built with different hatch distances of 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, and 110 μm. The parameters of laser power, scanning speed and therefore, linear energy density, as well as layer thickness, for each SiC volume fraction were kept constant. A cross-sectional analysis of the printed layers was performed with a scanning electron microscope to investigate the degree of overlapping of adjacent tracks, internal pores, and variation in the depth of penetration into the substrate in a single layer, while a top-surface analysis was performed to investigate surface roughness, surface interconnection of the adjacent tracks, and the formation of surface irregularities. The data collected and analysis carried out here yielded values of best hatch distances at SiC volume fractions ranging from 5 % to 25 %, while no best hatch distances were achieved at an SiC volume fraction of 30 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100652"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An extensive review on bibliometric analysis of carbon nanostructure reinforced composites","authors":"M.A. Shadab Siddiqui,&nbsp;M.A. Mowazzem Hossain,&nbsp;Ramisa Ferdous,&nbsp;M.S. Rabbi,&nbsp;S.M. Samin Yeasar Abid","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid evolution of the mechanical industry necessitates reliable and innovative materials. Metal matrix composites (MMCs) have emerged as a leading contender for performing vital roles in this field. Carbon nanostructures, such as graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), are particularly well-suited as reinforcement materials in MMCs. It has been found by recent experimental studies that incorporating CNTs and graphene as reinforcements into metal matrix composites, such as aluminum, magnesium, titanium, nickel, and copper matrices, can significantly enhance the mechanical, thermal, and tribological properties of these materials. This is achieved through various mechanisms, including the restriction of grain growth, hindrance of dislocations, load transfer at interfaces, and mitigation of thermal expansion mismatch. The precise reinforcement and optimization of fabrication techniques have opened up new avenues for achieving uniform nanostructure dispersion and strong interfacial bonding, leading to substantial improvements in quantitative properties. Such advancements in material science hold great promise for the development of high-performance materials with enhanced properties that are vital for various applications, including aerospace, automotive, biomedical, and beyond. The addition of low-carbon nanostructures to polymer matrix, ceramic, and biocomposite systems has also been observed to elicit noteworthy multifunctional improvements. Reinforcing collagen with CNT fibers leads to better mechanical and electrical performance compared to using collagen alone. This critical review provides an insightful and data-driven analysis of the current state of carbon nanostructure (CNTs/graphene)-reinforced metal matrix and biocomposites based on an extensive literature evaluation. The review includes an in-depth examination of the optimized synthesis and processing techniques for CNTs and graphene MMCs, highlighting the impact of reinforcement on their mechanical, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and functional properties. Continued work refining fabrication methods fully leverages their potent multi-functional enhancement capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100655"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon nanotubes: Structure, properties and applications in the aerospace industry","authors":"Md Syduzzaman ,&nbsp;Md Saiful Islam Saad ,&nbsp;Mufsahan Fuad Piam ,&nbsp;Tufayel Ahmed Talukdar ,&nbsp;Toaki Tajwar Shobdo ,&nbsp;Nadvi Mamun Pritha","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a significant element of nanotechnology, characterized by an exceptional length-to-diameter ratio exceeding 1,000,000. Various methodologies have been devised to manufacture CNT. These technologies show promise for use in multiple fields, including nanoelectronics, biotechnology, material science, polymers, composites, and textiles. The utilization of these new materials is expected to significantly influence future aircraft and space vehicles, especially in the aerospace sector. This is mainly owing to their exceptional thermal, mechanical, and electrical capabilities. This study comprehensively appraises the prospects of using carbon nanotubes in the aerospace sector. It draws from their current practical use and predicted future usage. Focus is directed toward the future application of carbon nanotubes, which might potentially include lightweight structural components, conductive materials for aircraft systems, composite materials and reinforcements, thermal management systems, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, advanced sensors, nanoelectronics, fuel cells, energy storage systems, space elevators, tether applications, aerogels, and insulation materials, nanocomposites for aircraft coatings area. This paper provides more insights into the recent practical uses of carbon nanotubes in aircraft technology along with the existing and potential obstacles associated with their utilization in aerospace science.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100654"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical probing into the role of experimentally developed ZnTe window layer in high-performance Ag3AuSe2 photodetector","authors":"Sheikh Noman Shiddique ,&nbsp;Ahnaf Tahmid Abir ,&nbsp;Syeda Samiha Nushin ,&nbsp;Bipanko Kumar Mondal ,&nbsp;Jaker Hossain","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a comprehensive investigation is performed to design a high-performance Ag₃AuSe₂ (Fischesserite) NIR photodetector (PD) with experimentally synthesized ZnTe window and AgCuS as a back surface field (BSF) layers. The ZnTe window layer has been successfully fabricated through spin coating method utilizing thiol-amine co-solvents. This technique yields a notable Bandgap of 2.5 eV for ZnTe thin film. The role of different parameters of each layer such as depth, doping, and defect density are investigated in order to determine how they affect the performance. The Ag₃AuSe₂ PD exhibits excellent results with an amazing photocurrent (J_SC) of 45.7 mA/cm², V_OC of 0.86 V, responsivity of 0.78 AW^-1, detectivity of 3.65 × 10¹⁵ Jones. Because of these superior features and customized design, the Ag₃AuSe₂ PD with ZnTe transport layer shown in this study holds great potential for use in optoelectronic applications in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100651"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensing the future with graphene-based wearable sensors: A review","authors":"Md. Kamrul Hassan Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Habibur Rahman Anik ,&nbsp;Mahmuda Akter ,&nbsp;Shah Md. Maruf Hasan ,&nbsp;Shariful Islam Tushar ,&nbsp;Shakil Mahmud ,&nbsp;Nurun Nahar ,&nbsp;Imana Shahrin Tania","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this current era, the demand for wearable sensors is increasing in full swing due to their multiphase applications, from the human body to soft robotics. Different materials, including carbon nanotubes, nanowires, nanoparticles, graphene, and more, have been studied to develop cost-efficient, enhanced sensing-capable, multifunctional, easy-to-operate, and easy-to-process wearable sensors. It is a suitable choice for the wearable sensor due to its excellent sensing ability along with myriad suitable mechanical, physical, electrical, and thermal properties. Through the proper utilization of these characteristics of graphene, wearable sensors containing graphene and its derivatives are now widely studied in healthcare, environment protection, and artificial intelligence sectors. This review has comprehensively discussed the current progression of multiple types of graphene and its derivative-based wearable sensors. The specific applications of these different types of graphene wearable sensors, including pressure, strain, gas, electrophysiological sensors, etc., in different fields are broadly described. The design, fabrication process, working, and sensing mechanisms are elaborately discussed. The challenges and limitations of graphene-based wearable sensors, along with potential opportunities, are thoroughly described for further research direction to develop, upgrade, and continue the progression of graphene wearable sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100646"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An artificial neural network approach to predict particle shape characteristics of clay brick powder under various milling conditions","authors":"David Sinkhonde ,&nbsp;Destine Mashava","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The prediction and monitoring of shape descriptors of pozzolans generated from ball milling processes remain today unattended by researchers. Since the particle shapes of pozzolans influence the performance of pozzolanic materials in cement-based composites, an accurate characterisation of particle shapes of pozzolans is required. In this research, we use artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict the 2-d shape parameters of clay brick powder (CBP) particles considering various milling treatments. An integrated prediction of particle shapes is developed by combining the ANN models with image analysis. Through R values of greater than 0.96 and reduced mean square errors (MSEs) for the ANN models, it is shown that our ANN models can be able to predict the shape parameters of CBP particles under various milling treatments. Moreover, the best validations of our models are achieved at the cost of less than 5 epochs. Collectively, these results increase our understanding in the prediction of the particle shapes of CBP under various milling treatments, setting the stage for additional studies, especially in other pozzolanic materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100650"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}