Results in Materials最新文献

{"title":"The application of synthesized geopolymer for the removal of cationic dye from industrial wastewater","authors":"Emmanuel Christopher Umejuru ,&nbsp;Renée Street ,&nbsp;Joshua N. Edokpayi","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a low-cost and effective coal fly ash porous geopolymer (CFPG) was prepared through alkali activation and applied as adsorbent for the removal of Rhodamine B (RhB) from real industrial wastewater. Mineral composition, microstructural analysis and surface chemistry were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, respectively. The batch experiment was investigated at different CFPG dose (0.4–2 g), RhB concentration (5–30 mg/L), pH (2, 7 and 10) and contact time (30–300 min). The removal efficiency for the adsorption of RhB using CFPG was affected by dosage, concentration, and time. However, removal efficiency of 100 % was achieved at pH (2, 7 and 10) indicating that the adsorbent can be used in wide pH range owing to the zwitterionic nature of RhB. The findings demonstrated that while increasing the initial dye concentration resulted in a decrease in removal efficiency, increasing the CFPG dose and contact time led to an improvement in removal efficiency. Additionally, for specified values of examined parameters, such as CFPG dose of 2 g, initial RhB dye concentration of 5 mg/L, and contact time of 300 min, the maximum efficiency of 100 % was achieved for RhB dye removal. The study on removal efficiency of CFPG on selective dyes showed that it could also be used to remove other cationic dyes such as malachite green and crystal violet in industrial wastewater as removal efficiency of 100 % was obtained for the removal of both dyes. Pseudo-first-order (R² = 0.985) and Freundlich (R² = 0.860) models were most suitable for the adsorption process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590048X24000463/pdfft?md5=1ce14dad7cc93da01e42ed6db35ff82c&pid=1-s2.0-S2590048X24000463-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140550911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural, electrostatic force microscopy, work function, and optical characterization of pure and Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles","authors":"Ishaq Musa,&nbsp;Randa Faqi","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The electrical and optical characteristics of pure and Al-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were analyzed. The work function of these nanoparticles was investigated using Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM). The work function of the Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles was found to be lower than that of undoped ZnO nanoparticles. Electrostatic Force Microscopy (EFM) was employed to map the distribution of charges and conductivity in both ZnO and Al -doped ZnO, revealing enhanced charge trapping and increased conductivity in the Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles compared to the undoped ones. XRD analysis verified that both pure ZnO and Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles exhibited a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure. Additionally, Raman spectroscopy revealed new vibrational modes at 572 cm⁻¹, which were attributed to E1 (LO) in Al-doped ZnO. UV–visible spectroscopy indicated that the band gap of Al -doped ZnO nanoparticles is wider than that of pure ZnO nanoparticles, Additionally, photoluminescence spectroscopy demonstrated a blue shift in the emission spectrum of the Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles, accompanied by a reduction in green emission defects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590048X2400044X/pdfft?md5=2c84127528f36217387e85b110ec4c95&pid=1-s2.0-S2590048X2400044X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140345306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical and environmental evaluation of ground calcium carbonate (CaCO3) filled polypropylene composites as a sustainable alternative to virgin polypropylene","authors":"Christina Webb ,&nbsp;Kun Qi ,&nbsp;Lorna Anguilano ,&nbsp;Ximena Schmidt Rivera","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polypropylene (PP) has raised environmental concerns particularly for its depletion of fossil-fuels and contribution to climate change. To lower environmental impacts, PP can be combined with biobased fillers such as calcium carbonate (CaCO₃). The mechanical and environmental properties of CaCO₃ filled PP have not yet been explored in depth. Therefore, this study examines the aesthetic, tensile, flexural, impact, and environmental (via life cycle assessment) properties of injection moulded CaCO₃ filled PP with filler content ranging from 0% to 40% at 5% increments. As filler percentage increased, yield strength decreased (0% CaCO₃: 17.68 MPa, 40% CaCO₃: 12.73 MPa), but young's modulus, flexural modulus, and impact strength increased (respectively 69%, 51%, and 35% greater than pure PP). Flexural strength increased initially at 5% CaCO₃ but then declined as more filler was added. A yellowish hue was observed within all blends which growed stronger with more filler. The addition of CaCO₃ reduced the environmental impact for all 11 impact categories. For every 5% of CaCO₃ added, the material's global warming potential (GWP) decreased by 100g CO₂ eq. per functional unit (1000 cm³) of composite. Abiotic depletion of fossil fuels declined by 32% when 40% CaCO₃ was added. In addition to this study, it would be beneficial to explore other factors that affect the properties of CaCO₃ filled PP such as particle size, particle distribution, and binding additives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100562"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590048X24000360/pdfft?md5=348b885dd18a8a373fe9bed5d45660e6&pid=1-s2.0-S2590048X24000360-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140327619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal dissipation of two-step combustible tangent hyperbolic fluid with quadratic Boussinesq approximation and convective cooling","authors":"A.D. Ohaegbue ,&nbsp;S.O. Salawu ,&nbsp;R.A. Oderinu ,&nbsp;E.O. Fatunmbi ,&nbsp;A.O. Akindele","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study explores thermal criticality and dissipation involving a two-step reaction in a hyperbolic tangential fluid flow and quadratic Boussinesq approximation to model the complex internal heat transfer mechanisms during combustion. Subject to suitable convective boundary conditions, the transformed energy and momentum equations are numerically solved using Galerkin approximation integration coupled with a weighted residual scheme. The outcomes are disseminated using a variety of graphs to illustrate for parametric sensitivities of the thermal and velocity profiles. Based on the results, it is discovered that increases in the Frank-Kamenetskii parameter, Brinkman number, Weissenberg number, activation energy, activation ratio term, and second step term all aid in the complete combustion of hydrocarbons. Monitoring all terms that stimulate internal heat generation is essential to avoid system blow-ups.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100565"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590048X24000396/pdfft?md5=4170a91e520e5c5b678f723d8fe9313c&pid=1-s2.0-S2590048X24000396-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140321293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activating 2D MoS2 by loading 2D Cu–S nanoplatelets for improved visible light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, drug degradation, and CO2 reduction","authors":"Filipp Temerov ,&nbsp;Rossella Greco ,&nbsp;Joran Celis ,&nbsp;Salvador Eslava ,&nbsp;Weimin Wang ,&nbsp;Takashi Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Wei Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Finding reliable photocatalysts capable of driving reactions using only sunlight is more needed than ever. A variety of strategies to harvest sunlight and convert it into chemical energy have been successfully utilized such as synthesizing nanostructures, using metal nanoparticles, doping, and others. In this work, we discover a facile way to anchor CuS nanoplatelets on 2D MoS₂ by the solvothermal method using ethylene glycol (EG) as both a reduction agent and an exfoliating agent of bulk MoS₂. Using CuS as a co-catalysis on MoS₂ with their huge surface areas, led to improved photocatalytic activity for three different applications including H₂ evolution, CO₂ reduction, and endosulfan degradation. Specifically, Cu–S@MoS₂ 3% nanocomposite produced 9.86 μmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ of H₂, 0.48 μmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ of CO and full decomposition of endosulfan within 6 h. The Cu-loaded MoS₂ nanocomposites were thoroughly characterized by spectroscopic (including synchrotron-based spectroscopy) and microscopic methods to understand the formation of Cu–S during the solvothermal process. Moreover, the role of the EG during the synthetic procedure was revealed experimentally and studied theoretically via DFT simulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100569"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590048X24000438/pdfft?md5=c5b4f5d200a7b5321627f09ae589e486&pid=1-s2.0-S2590048X24000438-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ab-initio insights into the physical properties of XIr3 (X = La, Th) superconductors: A comparative analysis","authors":"Md. Sajidul Islam ,&nbsp;Razu Ahmed ,&nbsp;M.M. Hossain ,&nbsp;M.A. Ali ,&nbsp;M.M. Uddin ,&nbsp;S.H. Naqib","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Here we report the structural, elastic, bonding, thermo-mechanical, optoelectronic and superconducting state properties of recently discovered <em>X</em>Ir₃ (<em>X</em> = La, Th) superconductors utilizing the density functional theory (DFT) using two different exchange-correlations functionals. The elastic, bonding, thermal and optical properties of these compounds are investigated for the first time. The calculated lattice and superconducting state parameters are in reasonable agreement to those found in the literature. In the ground state, both the compounds are mechanically stable and possess highly ductile character, high machinability, low Debye temperature, low bond hardness and significantly high melting point. The thermal conductivities of the compounds are found to be very low which suggests that they can be used for thermal insulation purpose. The population analysis and charge density distribution map confirm the presence of both ionic and covalent bonds in the compounds with ionic bond playing dominant roles. The calculated band structure and DOS profiles indicate metallic character of <em>X</em>Ir₃ compounds. It is also found from the DOS profile that the Ir 5<em>d</em>-states dominate near the Fermi level. Unlike the significant anisotropy observed in elastic and thermal properties, all the optical constants of <em>X</em>Ir₃ compounds exhibit almost isotropic behavior. The optical parameters’ profiles correspond very well with the electronic band structure and DOS features. We have estimated the superconducting transition temperature (<em>T</em>_c) of <em>X</em>Ir₃ compounds in this work. The calculated values of <em>T</em>_<em>c</em> for LaIr₃ and ThIr₃ compounds are 4.91 K and 5.01 K, respectively. We have compared and contrasted all the physical properties of <em>X</em>Ir₃ (<em>X</em> = La, Th) compounds in this study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100568"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590048X24000426/pdfft?md5=0b63d39be9081ca0e2b9fa3dd46229f0&pid=1-s2.0-S2590048X24000426-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140321292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of UV-C long-time irradiation on mechanical properties of PMMA","authors":"Maciej Rećko,&nbsp;Mehmet Aladag,&nbsp;Urszula Błaszczak,&nbsp;Kazimierz Dzierżek,&nbsp;Krzysztof Jan Kurzydłowski","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to examine the effects of long-term exposure to high levels of UV-C radiation on the mechanical strengths of PMMA. PMMA is known to degrade when exposed to UV radiation, which can lead to a fragile fracture layer on its surface. The study was conducted by exposing standard commercially available PMMA plates to UV-C radiation using a purpose-designed irradiation stand. The samples were tested using a tensile test machine to measure mechanical properties. The results of the study provide important information on how PMMA reacts to long-term exposure to UV-C radiation and can help manufacturers design and produce products using PMMA construction materials that can withstand exposure to UV-C radiation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100567"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590048X24000414/pdfft?md5=9805d9178bcfca0e9df302b84ef5ada7&pid=1-s2.0-S2590048X24000414-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140296134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demonstration of computer vision for void characterisation of 3D-printed continuous carbon fibre composites","authors":"Joel Galos ,&nbsp;Xiaoying Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microstructural void formation during the processing of continuous fibre-reinforced polymer composites are a significant limitation of processes such as 3D printing, as voids inhibit resultant mechanical properties. Traditional optical microscopy approaches to void characterisation are tedious and are prone to errors due to non-ideal but realistic image conditions, including low contrast typical of microscopic images. This paper proposes a novel application of automated computer vision image processing techniques (i.e. a contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalisation (CLAHE) algorithm and Otsu's method) for detailed void characterisation of continuous fibre-reinforced composites. Microstructural void fraction was determined for both unidirectional and bi-axial laminates of a variety of thicknesses. The void characterisation by computer vision was shown to produce comparable results with manual contrast/brightness control, but with significantly less standard deviation. The computer vision software used in void characterisation is made freely available online at <span>https://github.com/Xiao-ying/VoidDetector</span><svg><path></path></svg>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100566"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590048X24000402/pdfft?md5=ab8c01e837e50e4bb833634a9d8873b0&pid=1-s2.0-S2590048X24000402-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140209150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resource forecasting under the action of degradation processes with a catastrophic section on the example of universal spindles liners of rolling mills","authors":"O. Hrechanyі","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The problem of forecasting the beginning of the repair effects of the sheet-rolling equipment has been examined using the example of universal spindle liners. Executive intervention in the case of critical wear of the liners allows you to avoid emergency situations associated with the failure of the universal spindle, and therefore increases the productivity of the rolling mill and its profitability. Method of setting the replacement date of liners, which for the considered case is on the 29th day of their operation, has been proposed. The operation of liners in the zone of emergency wear has been studied, the developed model determines that when working in the zone of catastrophic wear, the use of liners is possible for no more than 20 h. The task of forecasting the resource under the influence of degradation processes with a catastrophic section has been solved. The determination of the technical condition in this case is carried out on the basis of parametric models, where the rate of change of the diagnostic parameter is controlled. The critical value of the speed is determined on the basis of a constant trend, which is multiplied by the number of the reserve, equal to <em>n</em>_V = 8–10.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100563"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590048X24000372/pdfft?md5=db9f436624dfe9a17fa709121d7f72e0&pid=1-s2.0-S2590048X24000372-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140141970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of stable polyvinyl alcohol/polyurea hydrogel using oligomeric compounds containing urea-bonded","authors":"Ali Aflatounian,&nbsp;Maryam Sharzehee,&nbsp;Hassan Agha Mashroteh","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this research is the production of a biocompatible hydrogel film with high stability; the polymer should absorb enough water, and its structure should be preserved in water for a long time and not disintegrate. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was chosen as the main polymeric base of the desired hydrogel. Oligomeric compounds with urea bonded containing active groups at two chain ends can react with the hydroxyl groups of the polymer and play the role of a cross-linker. Urea linkage oligomers (ULO) were prepared by reacting 2 mol of sulfamic acid, 3 mol of phosphorus, and 8 mol of urea in a molten state. The amount of PVA was kept constant, while the amount of ULO was different, the prepolymer solution was mold-dried at ambient temperature and subjected to a heat press. The gel behavior and characterization of the polymer films were investigated by FT-IR, NMR, SEM, ion chromatography, and XRD analyses, the data on the tensile strength and antibacterial properties of the samples are also reported. The production of a hybrid composite consisting of PVA and polyurea under the heat press has been confirmed; the ammonium phosphate, sulfate, nitrate, and melamine powder were produced in the layer of polymer structure. This innovative hybrid polymer with a network of urea bonds can be a favorable option for skin treatment applications due to the specific characteristic of urea known as keratolytic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100564"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590048X24000384/pdfft?md5=b06fa2893dd93ea8f44c4bd2f82a7f11&pid=1-s2.0-S2590048X24000384-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140188090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}