Results in Materials最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of externally toothed parts forming using ballizing technique","authors":"Ayman Ali Abd-Eltwab ,&nbsp;Essam Khalaf Saied ,&nbsp;Ahmed Mohamed Atia ,&nbsp;Nouby M. Ghazaly ,&nbsp;A.A. Gomaa ,&nbsp;Karim Mohamed Atia","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Externally toothed parts such as gears, splined and coupling sleeves can be manufactured by machining, casting, and forming. The machining process is costly because of using a special tool, consuming power, and wasting material during the machining process. The casting processes usually need other finishing processes. In this study, a new forming tool based on the ballizing technique is suggested to perform the forming of the toothed parts with external splines in one stroke. The set is made up of six steel balls each having a 20 mm diameter. The process was performed on the lathe machine with data acquisition recording to record the process consumed load. Die with splines on the inner surface opposite the required splines was mounted in the lath check. The required tooth shape was obtained by forcing the forming tool into the hole by pushing the specimen into the die cavity. the mathematical model was formulated to calculate required force deformation. The model depends on the process dynamics and contact area between the tool and the specimen. The effect of process parameters on the load and the product properties was conducted. The study parameters were forming depths of 2, 3, 4, and 5 mm, the rotational speed of 50, 76, 120, and 150 rpm, axial feed 0.1, 0.15, 0.3, and 0.6 mm/rpm specimen inner diameter of 66, 64, 62 and 60 mm. A comparison was made between results of mathematical model and results of experimental. Rotational speed, axial feed, and cross-in feed were found to be the three factors that have the greatest impact on forming load and overall product quality. Also, it was found that deformation load increased with the increasing rotational speed, cross-in feed, and axial feed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100640"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and evaluation of mixture formulations to enhance concrete resistance to microbial-induced corrosion","authors":"Roz-Ud-Din Nassar ,&nbsp;Parviz Soroushian ,&nbsp;Tewodros Ghebrab ,&nbsp;Muhammad Sufyan-Ud-Din","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diverse strategies were designed and evaluated for enhancement of concrete resistance to microbial-induced corrosion through refinement of concrete chemistry, pore structure, transport attributes, and amenability to microbial growth. Laboratory and insitu field experiments were implemented in order to screen different strategies. The study considered strategies involving; the use of hydrophobic additives for rendering capillary pores water-repelling; blend of pozzolans to refine the chemistry and pore system characteristics of concrete; use of polymer emulsions for refinement of concrete porosity, affinity for moisture and amenability to microbial growth; use of anti-microbial constituent for reducing the amenability of concrete to microbial growth; and incorporation of polyvinyl alcohol fibers for enhancing mechanical performance of concrete mixtures, were investigated.</div><div>Test results indicate that two admixture formulations comprising of hydrophobic additive, and blend of pozzolan offer the best promise to achieve substantially enhanced resistance to microbial-induced corrosion and acid resistance in the aggressive sewer environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100644"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An overview of antifogging nanocoatings: Recent developments and application","authors":"Omotayo Sanni ,&nbsp;Jianwei Ren ,&nbsp;Tien-Chien Jen","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transparent materials are essential to our daily lives. It's very well recognized that their use in windshields, cars, windows, mirrors, and eyewear makes our everyday tasks more comfortable. In addition to these, several other instances may be found in the culinary, medical, and solar industries, among other spheres of human endeavor. Unfortunately, under typical operating conditions, this material experiences fogging owing to the unavoidable condensation of water vapor on solid surface. Researchers are becoming more and more interested in antifogging nano-coatings with remarkable water repellence as a result of the growth of the coating industries and material engineering. Numerous compounds have been created by researchers thus far to prepare antifogging films. There have been reports on the mechanisms and guidelines for the creation of these agents by various technologies as a result of the core requirements of various fields. We present the latest developments in antifogging nanocoatings and antifogging performance test procedures in this review. Additionally, there has been a focus on offering understanding of the latest advancement in superhydrophobic coating through the application of nanotechnology. According to the literature, the reported antifogging films do not show sufficient results and continue to pose a practical issue that requires real-world application. As a result, antifogging techniques need to be improved further.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100643"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation under laser-driven shocks of the dynamic behavior of materials for beam-intercepting devices in particle accelerators","authors":"C. Accettura ,&nbsp;L. Baudin ,&nbsp;A. Bertarelli ,&nbsp;C. Brabetz ,&nbsp;F. Carra ,&nbsp;A.S. Martynenko ,&nbsp;A. Morena ,&nbsp;A. Moros ,&nbsp;L. Peroni ,&nbsp;M. Scapin ,&nbsp;P. Neumayer ,&nbsp;M. Tomut ,&nbsp;L. Wegert","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work the results of an extensive experimental campaign in which laser-shocks were used to assess the mechanical strength of graphitic materials are presented. The aim of the project was to study innovative advanced materials used in high energy particle accelerators for beam intercepting devices (BIDs), such as collimators, absorber blocks and dumps. In this framework, thin targets of graphitic materials relevant for the use as particle accelerator BIDs were submitted to high-power laser driven shocks at the PHELIX laser facility in GSI. Online diagnostics such as shadowgraphy and laser velocimetry were deployed together with post-mortem analysis on collected debris and shocked specimens.</div><div>The experimental results were compared with results obtained in literature. In this work the data acquired for the performed shots are presented with a focus on graphite samples. The testing campaign provided large amount of information to cross-check and validate the models implemented for laser-matter interaction, shockwave propagation and spall strength concerning a wide range of materials, all relevant for the use in beam intercepting devices of particle accelerators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100638"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of oxidation of end-of-life tire rubber as aggregate substitute in cement mortars","authors":"Luca Lavagna,&nbsp;Giovanna Colucci,&nbsp;Matteo Pavese","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper the possible use of end-of-life tire rubber as a substitute for aggregate in cement mortars was explored. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of rubber surface modification by acidic treatment on the final properties of mortars. In fact, through treatment with sulfuric acid at moderate concentrations, a significant improvement in rubber wettability and interaction with cement has been observed. The compressive strength of mortars containing 15%w treated rubber as a replacement of natural aggregate is comparable to those of standard mortars. This suggests that surface modification of rubber plays a very important role in the possible integration of end-of-life tire rubber in mortar and concrete. The results presented in this paper confirm that recycling in mortar and concrete is a promising way for improving rubber waste management and sustainable innovation in the construction industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100642"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing in creep index of soil prediction: A groundbreaking machine learning approach with Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines","authors":"Mohammed E. Seno ,&nbsp;Husein Ali Zeini ,&nbsp;Hamza Imran ,&nbsp;Mohammed Noori ,&nbsp;Sadiq N. Henedy ,&nbsp;Nouby M. Ghazaly","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The significance of accurately predicting the creep index coefficient for assessing the long-term settlement of soil is critical in geotechnical engineering. However, current empirical methods for determining the creep coefficient often lack precision, highlighting the need for a more accurate predictive model. This study employs the Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) model to predict the creep index in clay, a critical parameter in geotechnical engineering. The dataset was divided into training and testing subsets. Grid search hyperparameter tuning was applied to optimize the MARS model, as well as a black-box model (Support Vector Machine, SVM) and a white-box model (Lasso), with five-fold cross-validation used to assess their performance. MARS demonstrated superior predictive accuracy, as evidenced by the mean and median R² and RMSE values obtained from the five-fold cross-validation results. The optimized MARS model was then applied to the test set, achieving excellent predictive accuracy. Finally, the model's performance was compared to previously developed machine learning models and empirical equations across the entire dataset. The MARS model outperformed all others based on RMSE, R², MAE, and KGE metrics, highlighting its robustness and reliability in predicting the clay creep index.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100641"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature-dependent compressive strength modeling of geopolymer blocks utilizing glass powder and steel slag","authors":"Supriya Janga ,&nbsp;Ashwin Raut ,&nbsp;Alireza Bahrami ,&nbsp;T. Vamsi Nagaraju ,&nbsp;Sridevi Bonthu","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article investigates the development of geopolymers as a modern, environmentally sustainable binder with ceramic-like properties, offering exceptional thermal and fire-resistant characteristics. The study primarily utilized fly ash (FA) in combination with glass powder (GP) and steel slag (SS). The SS content varied between 30 % and 40 %, while the molarity of NaOH was set at 10 M, 12 M, and 14 M. Based on these variables, a total of eighteen mixes incorporating GP and SS were formulated. The samples were subjected to elevated temperatures of 200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C, and 800 °C, after which their compressive strengthswere measured. To better understand the material formation, analyses were conducted by using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry differential thermal analysis. The investigation examined the influence of oxide ratios (Na/Si, Si/Al, H₂O/Na₂O, and Na/Al) on the compressive strength at elevated temperatures. Additionally, the research sought to develop a predictive model, elucidating the relationship between these oxide ratios and the compressive strength of geopolymers. To achieve this, ten machine learning techniques were applied, revealing the complex connection between oxide ratios and the strength properties of geopolymers. The support vector regressor (SVR) model outperformed other regression and boosting models, obtaining a high coefficient of determination (<em>R</em>^<em>2</em>) value of 0.95, indicating superior predictive accuracy. The reduced error levels and high <em>R</em>^<em>2</em> values highlighted the enhanced performance of the SVR model. A sensitivity analysis was done to understand the contributions of each parameter to the outcome predictions further. Employing machine learning techniques to predict the compressive strength of geopolymer blocks under various elevated temperature conditions improves predictive accuracy and optimizes resource utilization, leading to significant time savings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100636"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystallographic characterization of gypsum synthesized from marine wastes (Babylonia japonica, Olive sayana, and Conasprella bermudensis)","authors":"Md. Kawsar ,&nbsp;Md. Sahadat Hossain ,&nbsp;Fahim Foysal Munshi ,&nbsp;Md. Farhad Ali ,&nbsp;Newaz Mohammed Bahadur ,&nbsp;Samina Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focused on the synthesis of gypsum nanocrystals using conventional wet chemical precipitation method from marine mollusks like <em>Babylonia Japonica</em>, <em>Olive Sayana</em>, and <em>Conasprella bermudensis</em>. Different characterization techniques like Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) were used to confirm the formation of the nanocrystals. XRD data assessed various structural parameters, including the dimension of the unit cell, crystallinity index, specific surface area, lattice parameters, dislocation density, and macrostrain. The Rietveld refinement study did not reveal the formation of alternate phases, and the predicted lattice parameters, Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM), and X-ray density contradicted the actual data. The synthesized gypsum displayed crystallite dimension within the acceptable range of &lt;200 nm, as calculated using various XRD models and equations. Additionally, the values for strain (2 × 10⁻⁴ to 4 × 10⁻⁴), stress (−1 × 10⁷ to 2 × 10⁷ N/m²), and energy density (2.87 × 10² to 2.16 × 10³ J/m³) were also estimated for the synthesized samples. The preferential growth calculation indicateed stable phase formation of gypsum along the (0 2 0) and (0 4 0) planes. Furthermore, The study compared the properties of gypsum, including pH, conductivity, and potential difference (PD), in soil extraction and an aqueous medium.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100633"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crosslinking of XNBR with polyvalent epoxy compounds (PECs) for accelerator-free rubber films","authors":"Taichi Ogawa ,&nbsp;Junji Shibasaki ,&nbsp;Atsushi Morinaga ,&nbsp;Kaname Shibata ,&nbsp;Akitsugu Suzuki ,&nbsp;Yamato Takeuchi ,&nbsp;Shoya Satake ,&nbsp;Takuya Asada ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Itagaki ,&nbsp;Masahiro Fujiwara ,&nbsp;Ikuya Shibata ,&nbsp;Norihide Enomoto","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The serious problems of skin inflammations (dermatitides) observed in the users of rubber gloves caused by type I or type IV hypersensitivity strongly require their new manufacturing methods free from these irritations. This paper reports our novel approach to the production of rubber gloves addressing these problems. A synthetic rubber latex, carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR), was crosslinked using polyvalent epoxy compounds (PECs) without the utilization of accelerators that cause those dermatitides. Although epoxy compounds are generally hydrolyzable in alkaline latex solution, optimally hydrophobic PECs, especially a PEC with three epoxy groups derived from trimethylolpropane, were found to be effective crosslinking reagents for producing high performance XNBR films. The methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK)-water partition coefficient is an advantageous index to select suitable PECs in this process. The XNBR film produced by the PEC from trimethylolpropane had a high durability to simulated perspiration liquid and the pot-life of the mixed latex solution was longer than 7 days. The XNBR films produced by our novel process that contain no substances causing type I and type IV hypersensitivity are potentially free from the skin inflammations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100630"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical analysis of Au/Blood aggregate nanofluid flow enclosed under the influence of magnetic field and thermal radiation","authors":"L.O. Aselebe ,&nbsp;O.A. Ajala ,&nbsp;A.O. Akindele ,&nbsp;B.B. Lamidi ,&nbsp;A.D. Ohaegbue ,&nbsp;P. Adegbite ,&nbsp;S.O. Salawu","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the cause of enhancing the heat and mass transfer of blood, nanoparticles are being introduced to give an improved heat exchanger in human systems. Nanofluid is a viable heat-carrier fluid, which serves as a cooling agent in drug delivery systems and improves their performances. However, the stability of nanoparticles in the base fluid is one of its challenges that needs more attention. This work investigates the aggregate of gold nanoparticles and blood-based fluid in the presence of both thermal radiation and magnetic fields. To have a better understanding and prediction of this physical phenomenon, a mathematical model of the system of governing Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) were formulated and transformed into a system of coupled third-order non-linear boundary values differential equations by similarity techniques. The boundary value in Ordinary Differential equations (ODEs) were reduced into the system of first-order initial value ODEs using the shooting approach alongside the Runge-Kutta Fehlberg fourth-fifth order (rkf45) method with the help of Python 3.0 software. The numerical results of the influence of aggregate nanoparticles on the velocity and temperature profiles were displayed graphically and the effect of thermo-physical parameters on skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number were shown in tables. It was found that as thermal radiation upsurges the temperature profile escalates for both with and without aggregate nanoparticles. Likewise, rises in magnetic fields raise the temperature profile of the gold-blood nanofluid. Nevertheless, the velocity profile declines as the magnetic field intensifies. This present work can be of great help in the medical field where drug delivery is paramount. Also the result has a significant impact on the possibility of utilizing the interaction between aggregate gold nanoparticles in blood-based fluid, which improved the system's mass and heat transfer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100631"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}